A supramolecular radical cation: folding-enhanced electrostatic effect for promoting radical-mediated oxidation.

We report a supramolecular strategy to promote radical-mediated Fenton oxidation by the rational design of a folded host-guest complex based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). In the supramolecular complex between CB[8] and a derivative of 1,4-diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP), the carbonyl groups of CB[8] and the DPP moiety are brought together through the formation of a folded conformation. In this way, the electrostatic effect of the carbonyl groups of CB[8] is fully applied to highly improve the reactivity of the DPP radical cation, which is the key intermediate of Fenton oxidation. As a result, the Fenton oxidation is extraordinarily accelerated by over 100 times. It is anticipated that this strategy could be applied to other radical reactions and enrich the field of supramolecular radical chemistry in radical polymerization, photocatalysis, and organic radical battery and holds potential in supramolecular catalysis and biocatalysis

Sharp regularization effect for the non-cutoff Boltzmann equation with hard potentials

For the Maxwellian molecules or hard potentials case, we verify the smoothing effect for the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff. Given initial data with low regularity, we prove its solutions at any positive time are analytic for strong angular singularity, and in Gevrey class with optimal index for mild angular singularity. To overcome the degeneracy in the spatial variable, a family of well-chosen vector fields with time-dependent coefficients will play a crucial role, and the sharp regularization effect of weak solutions relies on a quantitative estimate on directional derivatives in these vector fields.Comment: 30 page

Tricyclic Neovibsanin Scaffold Inhibits Glioma by Targeting Glioma-Initiating Cells

Purpose: To investigate the effect of tricyclic neovibsanin scaffold (TCNS) on cell viability, colony formation capacity and induction of apoptosis in glioma cells.Methods: 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2, 5-diphe¬nyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze the effect of TCNS on cell proliferation. Light microscopic examination of giemsa solution stained cells was used to calculate the number of colonies with > 50 cells. Flow cytometry using a flow cytometer, while apoptosis detection kit were used to analyze induction of apoptosis.Results: TCNS treatment significantly inhibited the viability of U138 NS and U138 AC cells in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). TCNS caused 86 % reduction in the capacity of U138 NS cells to form colonies and led to significant induction of apoptosis. The activation of caspase 3 and expression of Bax was increased significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, TCNS treatment increased the median survival time of mice bearing glioma to 34 days compared to 22 days in untreated mice.Conclusion: Thus, TCNS treatment significantly inhibits the viability of glioma cells and colony formation, but induces apoptosis and increases the median survival of mice. Hence, TCNS may be of therapeutic value for the treatment of glioma.Keywords: Glioma, Tricyclic neovibsanin scaffold, Survival time, Colony formation, Apoptosi