Robust H-infinity filtering for 2-D systems with intermittent measurements

This paper is concerned with the problem of robust H∞ filtering for uncertain two-dimensional (2-D) systems with intermittent measurements. The parameter uncertainty is assumed to be of polytopic type, and the measurements transmission is assumed to be imperfect, which is modeled by a stochastic variable satisfying the Bernoulli random binary distribution. Our attention is focused on the design of an H∞ filter such that the filtering error system is stochastically stable and preserves a guaranteed H∞ performance. This problem is solved in the parameter-dependent framework, which is much less conservative than the quadratic approach. By introducing some slack matrix variables, the coupling between the positive definite matrices and the system matrices is eliminated, which greatly facilitates the filter design procedure. The corresponding results are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which can be easily tested by using standard numerical software. An example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approac

A case report and a literature review of double mammary pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia associated with galactoma during pregnancy

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign interstitial hyperplasia of the breast that usually occurs in premenopausal or perimenopausal women. It is usually characterized by localized lesions or clear boundary masses, and diffuse double breast enlargement is rare. PASH is considered a hormone-dependent disease that is commonly progesterone related. There are no imaging characteristics, and both benign and suspicious malignant signs can be seen. The definitive diagnosis of PASH depends on a pathological diagnosis, and it is necessary to be vigilant in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors with similar breast histopathology. Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old multipara patient with bilateral diffuse pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast during pregnancy who presented with macromastia and reviewed the literature to further understand the clinical features, pathological diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast

Rapid Determination of Active Ingredient Contents in Rhizoma Gastrodiae Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Artificial Rabbits Optimization-Least Square Support Vector Regression

In order to rapidly and non-destructively detect gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Rhizoma Gastrodiae, near infrared spectral data of the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow were collected in the wavelength range of 900–1 700 nm. First, convolutional smoothing (SG) and standard normal variable transformation (SNV) were used for spectral data preprocessing. Second, feature wavelength extraction was carried out by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and iteratively retains informative variables (IRIV). According to the results of establishing least squares support vector machine (LSSVR) model based on feature wavelength, the best method of feature wavelength extraction was selected. In order to improve the accuracy of the model, this study introduced the artificial rabbits optimization (ARO) algorithm to optimize the regularization parameter γ and the kernel function density σ2 in LSSVR and the superiority of ARO to particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO) was evaluated. The results showed that the ARO algorithm was superior to PSO and GWO in in terms of optimization speed and ability. The best prediction models for gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol were CARS-ARO-LSSVR, with prediction correlation coefficient (R2p) of 0.969 6 and 0.957 7, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.014 and 0.020, respectively. Therefore, this study shows that near-infrared spectroscopy can be used for quantitative detection of active components in Rhizoma Gastrodiae, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of rapid detection devices for Rhizoma Gastrodiae

Constitutive L-Sox5 overexpression delays differentiation of ATDC5 cells into chondrocytes and correlates with reduced expression of differentiation markers

L-Sox5 is a member of sex-determining region Y-type high mobility group box (SOX) family of transcription factors. We assessed the effects of retroviral overexpression of L-Sox5 on chondrocyte differentiation using the clonal murine cell line ATDC5. We observed a temporal-restricted expression pattern of L-Sox5 in insulininduced ATDC5 cells differentiating toward chondrocyte lineage. The protein expression levels of L-Sox5 showed a drastic decrease in contrast to unaltered mRNA levels during differentiation. L-Sox5 delayed the differentiation of ATDC5 cells as evidenced by Alcian blue staining for proteoglycan synthesis. The mRNA levels of chondrocyte and hypertrophic/osteoarthritic markers were markedly decreased or delayed in L-Sox5 overexpressing cells. L-Sox5 abrogated the promoter activity of Runx2. These results suggest that L-Sox5 protein expression may diminish along with the progress of chondrogenic differentiation. L-Sox5 may act as a negative regulator if expressed aberrantly at least in part by regulating the critical fate of chondrogenesis.National Natural Science Foundation of China (30270660), the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project (20040114), the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation (91025), and the Training Fund of NENU’S Scientific Innovation Project NENUSTC08015).http://link.springer.com/journal/110102016-03-31hb201

Thrombospondin-1 Is a Putative Target Gene of Runx2 and Runx3

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a matricellular protein widely acclaimed to be involved in the inhibition of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis, is synthesized and secreted by many cell types, including osteoblast and cancer cells. TSP-1 is highly upregulated during early stage of osteogenesis, whereas it inhibits terminal osteoblast differentiation. Expression of TSP-1 is downregulated in cancer cells, and its ectopic expression has been shown to restrain tumor growth. Transcriptional regulation of TSP-1 in osteogenesis and cancer is poorly understood; this prompted us to study its regulation by the two key regulators of the aforementioned processes: Runx2 and Runx3. Through a PCR-based cDNA subtraction technique, we identified and cloned a cDNA fragment for mouse TSP-1, whose expression was dramatically upregulated in response to Runx2 expression in mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, TSP-1 expression was considerably reduced in the lung of Runx2 knockout mouse. On the other hand, TSP-1 gene expression drastically increased at both the transcriptional and translational levels in response to Runx3 expression in B16-F10 melanoma cells. In line with this, Runx2 and Runx3 bound to the TSP-1 promoter and stimulated its activity. Hence, these results provide first line of evidence that TSP-1 is a transcriptional target gene of Runx2 and Runx3

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on the Growth, Swimming Performance, Antipredation Ability and Immune Parameters of Juvenile Rock Carp (Procypris rabaudi)

Many studies have found that aerobic exercise training at a moderate water velocity can improve the growth, swimming performance and survival rate of fish. To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on the growth, swimming performance, antipredation ability and immune parameters of rock carp, juveniles were placed in training channels with different water velocities (i.e., 3 cm s−1, 1 (body length s−1) bl s−1, 2 bl s−1 and 4 bl s−1) for 6 weeks. Then, the specific growth rate, critical swimming speed (Ucrit) and its metabolism, constant acceleration speed (Ucat), survival rate under predation, spleen index, lysozyme (LZM) activity and immunoglobulin (IgM) level were measured. Training showed no significant effect on the length-specific growth rate, weight-specific growth rate, Ucrit, maximum metabolic rate (MMR), metabolic scope (MS), Ucat or spleen index. The resting metabolic rates (RMRs) of the 2 bl s−1 and 4 bl s−1 training groups were significantly higher than those of the control group and 1 bl s−1 training group. The survival rate of the 1 bl s−1 training group in the presence of predators was significantly higher than that of the control group but significantly lower than those of the 2 bl s−1 and 4 bl s−1 training groups. The LZM activity of the 4 bl s−1 training group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The IgM level of the 2 bl s−1 training group was significantly higher than that of the control group. These data indicate that aerobic exercise training does not improve the growth and swimming performance of juvenile rock carp but can improve their antipredation ability and immunologic function

Synthesis of Polypyrrole/V2O5 Composite Film on the Surface of Magnesium Using a Mild Vapor Phase Polymerization (VPP) Method for Corrosion Resistance

The vapor phase polymerization (VPP) method is a conventional strategy for synthesizing conducting polymers (CPs) on the surfaces of various materials. However, the current VPP method performed on a metal surface usually requires harsh reaction conditions, such as high temperature and low vacuum. In this paper, a polypyrrole (PPy) and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) composite film was synthesized on the surface of Mg using a mild VPP method. Here, V2O5 was used as an oxidant, and it was found that the oxidation of pyrrole (Py) vapor on the surface of V2O5, which had been previously coated on the surface of Mg, could be performed at room temperature under normal atmospheric pressure. The formation of the PPy/V2O5 composite was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to study the thermal stability of the composite. Subsequent corrosion tests showed that the PPy/V2O5 composite film could slow down the corrosion of Mg in 3.5 wt% NaCl. It is expected that the mild VPP method may find great potential in the fields of synthesis of CPs and the corrosion protection of reactive metals