Energy and Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of Transportation Systems in China’s 255 Cities

China’s transportation sector suffers from excessive energy consumption and serious pollutant emissions. There is increasing pressure to improve energy and environmental efficiency (EEE). This paper researches the EEE of transportation systems in 255 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2019 with the assistance of the super-efficiency SBM model. Research results show that the five-year average EEE of the Chinese transportation system is 0.4420, indicating an overall low performance, with most regions still needing improvement. There are significant differences in the transportation system EEE between cities, with Guangzhou, Maoming, and Zhoushan ranking in the top three, and Heihe, Xining, and Taiyuan in the bottom. Cities with a better economic base, developed water systems and more relevant policy documents do better in energy use and environmental protection compared to other cities. Moreover, the development of the transportation systems is uneven, with noticeable regional differences. The general trend is that cities located in the eastern have better transportation systems EEE than cities in other economic zones. The findings should have a far-reaching impact on the sustainable development of cities. It also provides an essential reference for the research on EEE efficiency of transportation systems in China and other countries

Critical risk factors of public building green retrofit projects- an empirical study in Chongqing, China

In order to discuss the critical risk factors of green retrofit project in existing public buildings, this study identifies the risk factors from the whole life cycle firstly, and the experts are invited to assess the probability of the occurrence, the degree of the severity, and the follow-up effect of the risk occurrence, respectively. In addition, a Choquet integral-based FMEA (Failure mode and effect analysis) model is introduced to assess and analyze the risks in which the descriptive language results are transformed into triangle fuzzy number to analyze the risk assessment results quantitatively, and the relative preference relations are used to rank the risk factors, empirical study is conducted focusing on Chongqing. Based on the proposed risk assessment model, the top 10 high-risk factors in green retrofit projects of public buildings are extracted, the possible potential causes are analyzed, and the corresponding risk response measures are proposed, which provide references for the improvement of risk management in urban renewal

Exploring the Interactive Coercing Relationship between Urban Rail Transit and the Ecological Environment

The Chinese environment is experiencing the “U-Type” course from sharp deterioration to significant improvement. In order to achieve the fundamental improvement of the ecological environment, China has implemented several relevant policies and strategies. Among them, the development of urban rail transit, as an essential measure to improve the ecological environment in China, has attracted more and more attention, but the research on the interactive coercion relationship between rail transit and the ecological environment is minimal. Therefore, this study selected ten cities opening urban rail transit before 2005 in mainland China as research objects and established an urban rail transit and ecological environment comprehensive evaluation index system. Then, the interactive coercing model and coupling coordination model were used, and the dynamic relationship between urban rail transit and the ecological environment was explored. The research results in this study showed that (1) there is an apparent interactive coercion relationship between urban rail transit and the ecological environment, and the evolution trajectory conforms to a double exponential curve. (2) From 2006 to 2019, Wuhan’s ecological environment pressure index showed a continuous downward trend. The ecological environment improved the fastest. The rest of the cities showed a trend of first rising and then falling. (3) The type of coupling coordination degree of urban rail transit and ecological environment showed a changing coordination trend from severe incoordination—slight to incoordination—basic to coordination—good. Beijing has the highest degree of overall coordinated development in urban rail transit and the ecological environment. The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the realisation of the virtuous circle development of rail transit and the ecological environment

Identification of the Key Influencing Factors of Urban Rail Transit Station Resilience against Disasters Caused by Rainstorms

Improving the ability of the urban rail transit system to cope with rainstorm disasters is of great significance to ensure the safe travel of residents. In this study, a model of the hierarchical relationship of the influencing factors is constructed from the resilience perspective, in order to research the action mechanisms of the influencing factors of urban rail transit stations susceptible to rainstorm disaster. Firstly, the concept of resilience and the three attributes (resistance, recovery, and adaptability) are interpreted. Based on the relevant literature, 20 influencing factors are discerned from the 3 attributes of the resilience of urban rail transit stations. Subsequently, an interpretative structural model (ISM) is utilised to analyse the hierarchical relationship among the influencing factors. The key influencing factors of station resilience are screened out using social network analysis (SNA). Combined with ISM and SNA for analysis, the result shows that the key influencing factors are: “Flood prevention monitoring capability”; “Water blocking capacity”; “Flood prevention capital investment”; “Personnel cooperation ability”; “Emergency plan for flood prevention”; “Flood prevention training and drill”; “Publicity and education of flood prevention knowledge”; and “Regional economic development level”. Therefore, according to the critical influencing factors and the action path of the resilience influencing factors, station managers can carry out corresponding flood control work, providing a reference for enhancing the resilience of urban rail transit stations

Identification of the Key Influencing Factors of Urban Rail Transit Station Resilience against Disasters Caused by Rainstorms

Improving the ability of the urban rail transit system to cope with rainstorm disasters is of great significance to ensure the safe travel of residents. In this study, a model of the hierarchical relationship of the influencing factors is constructed from the resilience perspective, in order to research the action mechanisms of the influencing factors of urban rail transit stations susceptible to rainstorm disaster. Firstly, the concept of resilience and the three attributes (resistance, recovery, and adaptability) are interpreted. Based on the relevant literature, 20 influencing factors are discerned from the 3 attributes of the resilience of urban rail transit stations. Subsequently, an interpretative structural model (ISM) is utilised to analyse the hierarchical relationship among the influencing factors. The key influencing factors of station resilience are screened out using social network analysis (SNA). Combined with ISM and SNA for analysis, the result shows that the key influencing factors are: “Flood prevention monitoring capability”; “Water blocking capacity”; “Flood prevention capital investment”; “Personnel cooperation ability”; “Emergency plan for flood prevention”; “Flood prevention training and drill”; “Publicity and education of flood prevention knowledge”; and “Regional economic development level”. Therefore, according to the critical influencing factors and the action path of the resilience influencing factors, station managers can carry out corresponding flood control work, providing a reference for enhancing the resilience of urban rail transit stations

A Case of Multidomain Integrated Treatment Strategy for Complex Primary Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and highly malignant tumor, which includes the following five pathologic types: pleomorphic carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma and pulmonary blastoma. The onset of PSC is occult with non-specific clinical symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations include irritating cough, bloody sputum, dyspnea, chest pain and so on, which are closely related to the growth and invasion site of the tumor. PSC tends to metastasize early, so most patients are already in local advanced stage or advanced stage with a median survival of 9 months at the time of hospital visit. A patient with primary PSC which led to 90% stenosis in central airway was treated by combined method of vascular and tracheoscopic intervention in our respiratory center. This treatment prolonged the patient’s survival time and got a satisfactory effect at 19-month follow-up after surgery. Herein we report the case for clinical reference