1,814 research outputs found
Dual sub-swarm interaction QPSO algorithm based on different correlation coefficients
A novel quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm, the dual sub-swarm interaction QPSO algorithm based on different correlation coefficients (DCC-QPSO), is proposed by constructing master-slave sub-swarms with different potential well centres. In the novel algorithm, the master sub-swarm and the slave sub-swarm have different functinons during the evolutionary process through separate information processing strategies. The master subswarm is conducive to maintaining population diversity and enhancing the global search ability of particles. The slave sub-swarm accelerates the convergence rate and strengthens the particlesâ local searching ability. With the critical information contained in the search space and results of the basic QPSO algorithm, this new algorithm avoids the rapid disappearance of swarm diversity and enhances searching ability through collaboration between sub-swarms.
Experimental results on six test functions show that DCC-QPSO outperforms the traditional QPSO algorithm regarding optimization of multimodal functions, with enhancement in both convergence speed and precision
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Overseas Tourist Movement Patterns in Beijing: The Impact of the Olympic Games
Tourist movement patterns are essential for tourism planners to make decisions on tourism product development, destination planning and marketing. The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games have a great impact on the tourism industry in Beijing, especially on tourism flows and movements. In order to understanding changes of tourist movement patterns during the Games, the paper used content analysis method to analyze 500 trip diaries gathered from 6 different websites from January 2001 to April 2009. The paper also utilized social network analysis software Ucinet 6 and NetDraw to map itineraries and analyze overseas tourist movement patterns in Beijing. As a result, the paper summarized the changes of main tourism attractions and main tourist movement patterns in Beijing during the Olympic periods
A Comprehensive Empirical Investigation on Failure Clustering in Parallel Debugging
The clustering technique has attracted a lot of attention as a promising
strategy for parallel debugging in multi-fault scenarios, this heuristic
approach (i.e., failure indexing or fault isolation) enables developers to
perform multiple debugging tasks simultaneously through dividing failed test
cases into several disjoint groups. When using statement ranking representation
to model failures for better clustering, several factors influence clustering
effectiveness, including the risk evaluation formula (REF), the number of
faults (NOF), the fault type (FT), and the number of successful test cases
paired with one individual failed test case (NSP1F). In this paper, we present
the first comprehensive empirical study of how these four factors influence
clustering effectiveness. We conduct extensive controlled experiments on 1060
faulty versions of 228 simulated faults and 141 real faults, and the results
reveal that: 1) GP19 is highly competitive across all REFs, 2) clustering
effectiveness decreases as NOF increases, 3) higher clustering effectiveness is
easier to achieve when a program contains only predicate faults, and 4)
clustering effectiveness remains when the scale of NSP1F is reduced to 20%
Direct measurement of the Raman enhancement factor of rhodamine 6G on graphene under resonant excitation
Graphene substrates have recently been found to generate Raman enhancement. Systematic studies using different Raman probes have been implemented, but one of the most commonly used Raman probes, rhodamine 6G (R6G), has yielded controversial results for the enhancement effect on graphene. Indeed, the Raman enhancement factor of R6G induced by graphene has never been measured directly under resonant excitation because of the presence of intense fluorescence backgrounds. In this study, a polarization-difference technique is used to suppress the fluorescence background by subtracting two spectra collected using different excitation laser polarizations. As a result, enhancement factors are obtained ranging between 1.7 and 5.6 for the four Raman modes of R6G at 611, 1,183, 1,361, and 1,647 cm[superscript â1] under resonant excitation by a 514.5 nm laser. By comparing these results with the results obtained under non-resonant excitation (632.8 nm) and pre-resonant excitation (593 nm), the enhancement can be attributed to static chemical enhancement (CHEM) and tuning of the molecular resonance. Density functional theory simulations reveal that the orbital energies and densities for R6G are modified by graphene dots.National Natural Science Foundation (China) (Nos. 21233001, 50972001, and 21129001)China. Ministry of Science and Technology (Nos. 2011YQ0301240201 and 2011CB932601)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 2132056
Overtone spectra and intensities of tetrahedral molecules in boson-realization models
The stretching and bending vibrational spectrum and the intensities of
infrared transitions in a tetrahedral molecule are studied in two
boson-realization models, where the interactions between stretching and bending
vibrations are described by a quadratic cross term and by Fermi resonance
terms, called harmonically coupled and Fermi resonance boson-realization model,
respectively. The later is a development of our recent model. As an example,
the two models are applied to the overtone spectrum and the intensities of
silicon tetrafluorde. Those models provide fits to the published experimental
vibrational eigenvalues with standard deviations 1.956 cm and 0.908
cm, respectively. The intensities of infrared transitions of its
complete vibrations are calculated in the two models, and results show a good
agreement with the observed data.Comment: 14 pages Revtex, no figure, to appear in Annals of Physic
Highly selective recognition of Al3+ and I- ions using a bifunctional fluorescent probe
A tripodal fluorescent probe L1 armed with rhodamine B and 1-naphthaleneisothiocyanates was prepared in high yield. A study of the recognition properties revealed that probe L1 exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity towards Al3âș through a âFRETâ fluorescence response and colorimetric response with low detection limits of the order of 10-8 M. Meanwhile, probe L1 also possessed high recognition capability for Iâ» through fluorescent decay, which given there are comparatively few selective fluorescent probes for Iâ», is significant. Furthermore, the complexation mechanisms were fully investigated by spectral titrations, 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations and mass spectrometry. The utility of probe L1 as a biosensor in living cells (PC3 cells) towards Al3âș ions has also been demonstrated
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