Discrimination of foreign speech pitch and autistic traits in non-clinical population

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are widely suggested to show enhanced perceptual discrimination but inconsistent findings have been reported for pitch discrimination. Given the high variability in ASC, this study investigated whether ASC traits were correlated with pitch discrimination in an undergraduate sample when musical and language experiences were taken into consideration. Results indicated that the Social Skills subscale of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was associated with foreign speech pitch discrimination, suggesting that individuals who were less sociable and socially skillful were less able to discriminate foreign speech pitch. Current findings have an implication in investigating individual differences in ASC and further investigation is needed for spelling out the relationship between the non-social and social aspects of ASC

Retrieval Contexts and the Concreteness Effect: Dissociations in Memory of Concrete and Abstract Words

Decades of research on the concreteness effect, namely better memory for concrete as compared with abstract words, suggest it is a fairly robust phenomenon. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to limiting retrieval contexts. Two experiments evaluated intentional memory for concrete and abstract word lists in three retrieval contexts: free recall, explicit word-stem completion, and implicit word-stem completion. Concreteness effects were observed in free recall and in explicit word-stem completion, but not in implicit word-stem completion. These findings are consistent with both a bidirectional version of the relational-distinctiveness processing framework (Ruiz-Vargas, Cuevas, & Marschark, 1996) and a second framework combining insights from dual coding theory (Paivio, 1971, 1986) and the transfer appropriate processing framework (Roediger, Weldon, & Challis, 1989). Also, consistent with the relational-distinctiveness framework, the second experiment suggested that concreteness effects might depend on relational processing at encoding: Concreteness effects were observed in explicit memory for related word lists but not for unrelated word lists. © 2005 Psychology Press Ltd

Wendenhilfssystem für blinde und seheingeschränkte Schwimmerinnen und Schwimmer

Für blinde und seheingeschränkte Menschen ist die Ausübung des Bewegens im Wasser und das Schwimmen an die Bereitstellung von Hilfsmitteln und -systemen gebunden. Im Para Schwimmen sind dafür die technischen Voraussetzungen zu erschließen, die ein sicheres Bewegen im Wasser autonom und unabhängig von einer dritten Person als Tapper ermöglichen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Konzeption, Entwicklung, Evaluation und Praxistransfer eines induktiven persönlichen Abstandswarnsystems (IPA) zur Anzeige der bevorstehenden Beckenwand bzw. des Schwimmbahnendes präsentiert. Das System basiert auf dem elektromagnetischen Sender-Empfänger-Prinzip. Der stationäre Sender wird an der Beckenwand positioniert und erzeugt im aktivierten Zustand ein Magnetfeld. Der blinde bzw. seheingeschränkte Schwimmer trägt zum Signalempfang am vorderen Schläfenbein eine mobile Empfängereinheit mit integriertem Magnetfeldsensor und miniaturisiertem Vibrationsmotor. Sobald sich ein:e Schwimmer:in in den Empfängerbereich hineinbewegt, erhält sie:er ein taktiles Signal in Form der Vibration mit einer Frequenz von 14.000 Hz über die Dauer von 2 s. Die Labor- und Feldstudien zeigen, dass die Schwimmer das Vibrationssignal des IPA-Systems mit einer Wahrscheinlichkeit von über 99,8 % im Zuge der Wendeneinleitung wahrnehmen. Im Folgenden zeigte eine Evaluationsstudie mit Para Leistungsschwimmern, dass es mit Hilfe des IPA-Systems möglich ist, Wenden in jeder Schwimmart und Belastungsintensität autonom und damit ohne eine dritte Person durchzuführen. Zudem konnte in einer zwanzigwöchigen Interventionsstudie im Training eines Para Leistungsschwimmers durch die Anwendung des IPA-Systems als eine Verbesserung der Wendenzeiten nachgewiesen werden. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf wird in der Untersuchung der Lageabhängigkeit der mobilen Empfängereinheit sowie in der Untersuchung von Individualisierungsstrategien beim Auslösen des taktilen Signals in Abhängigkeit von der Wandentfernung gesehen. Zudem sind im Anwendungsbereich des IPA-Systems weitere Zielgruppen des Para Schwimmens zu erschließen.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis VII Abbildungsverzeichnis VIII Abkürzungsverzeichnis XI 1 Aufbau der Arbeit und Forschungsstrategie 1 1.1 Forschungsverbund 1 1.2 Projektphasen 3 1.3 Datenerhebung und -auswertung 5 2 Einleitung und Problemstellung 6 3 Initialisierungsphase 7 3.1 Zielgruppen 9 3.2 Theoretische Grundlagen 10 3.2.1 Sehbeeinträchtigung und Blindheit 10 3.2.2 Para Schwimmen 13 3.2.3 Schwimmwende 19 3.3 Stand der Gerätetechnik 25 3.3.1 Stationäre Systeme 25 3.3.2 Mobile Systeme 28 3.3.3 Gesamtübersicht 32 4 Konzeptphase 35 4.1 Expertenbefragung 36 4.2 Hauptanforderungen 39 4.3 Konzeptfragen 40 4.4 Signalübertragung 41 4.4.1 Signalart 44 4.4.2 Empfängerposition grob (Körperregion) 45 4.4.3 Studie 1a: Empfängerposition fein (Kopfregion) 48 4.4.4 Studie 1b: Signalintensität 52 4.4.5 Signaltaktung 57 4.5 Konzeptentwurf 59 5 Realisierungsphase 60 5.1 Prototypsystem und Komponenten 61 5.2 Prototypfunktionsprinzip 62 5.3 Realisierungsstand 63 6 Evaluierungsphase 63 6.1.1 Studie 2: Zuverlässigkeit des IPA-Systems Testumgebung und -ablauf 65 6.1.2 Fragestellungen 67 6.1.3 Ergebnisse 68 6.1.4 Diskussion und Fazit 69 6.2 Studie 3a: 1D- Magnedfeldsensorik 73 6.2.1 Simulation der Schwimmlage 75 6.2.2 Simulation der Anschwimmposition 77 6.2.3 Simulation der Höhendifferenz 80 6.2.4 Diskussion und Fazit 82 6.3 Studie 3b: Mehrdimensionale Sensorik 84 6.3.1 2D-Magnetfeldsensorik 85 6.3.2 3D-Magentfeldsensorik 90 6.3.3 Diskussion und Fazit 93 6.4 Studie 4a: Einfluss der Belastungsintensität auf die taktile Wahrnehmung 96 6.4.1 Fragestellungen 96 6.4.2 Testumgebung und -ablauf 97 6.4.3 Ergebnisse 100 6.5 Studie 4b: Wahrnehmung des Vibrationssignals einer S13 Schwimmerin 103 6.5.1 Fragestellungen 103 6.5.2 Testumgebung und -ablauf 104 6.5.3 Ergebnisse 105 6.5.4 Diskussion und Fazit 106 7 Praxistransferphase 111 7.1 Para Trainingsgruppe 111 7.2 Studie 5: S11-Schwimmer mit zwanzigwöchiger Trainingsintervention 113 7.2.1 Fragestellungen 113 7.2.2 Testumgebung und –ablauf 113 7.2.3 Ergebnisse 116 7.2.4 Diskussion und Fazit 119 7.3 Internationale Deutsche Meisterschaften der Behinderten 2017 124 8 Zusammenfassung 125 9 Ausblick 127 10 Literaturverzeichnis 130 Anhang 142For blind and visually impaired people the practice of moving in water and swimming is tied to the provision of an assistive devices and systems. In para-swimming, the technical prerequisites must be developed to enable safe movement in the water autonomously and independently of a third person as a taper. The present work presents the conception, development, evaluation and practical transfer of an inductive personal distance alert (IPA) system for indicating the impending pool wall or the end of the swimming lane in the pool. The system is based on the electromagnetic transmitter-receiver principle. The stationary transmitter is positioned on the pool wall and generates a magnetic field when activated. The blind or visually impaired swimmer wears a mobile receiver unit with an integrated magnetic field sensor and miniaturized vibration motor on the front temporal bone for signal reception. As soon as the swimmer moves into the receiver area, he receives a tactile vibration signal with a frequency of 14 000 Hz over a period of 2 s. The laboratory and field studies document that swimmers perceive the vibration signal from the IPA system with a probability of over 99.8 % in the course of turn initiation. Furthermore, an evaluation study with para competitive swimmers showed that with the help of the IPA system it is possible to perform turns autonomously in any swimming mode and load intensity and thus without a third person. In addition, a twenty-week intervention study in the training of a para competitive swimmer using the IPA system showed an assistance in the improvement in turn times. Further research is needed to investigate the positional dependence of the mobile receiver unit and the individualization strategies for triggering the tactile signal as a function of the wall distance. In addition, further target groups of para-swimming are to be integrated in the application of the IPA system.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis VII Abbildungsverzeichnis VIII Abkürzungsverzeichnis XI 1 Aufbau der Arbeit und Forschungsstrategie 1 1.1 Forschungsverbund 1 1.2 Projektphasen 3 1.3 Datenerhebung und -auswertung 5 2 Einleitung und Problemstellung 6 3 Initialisierungsphase 7 3.1 Zielgruppen 9 3.2 Theoretische Grundlagen 10 3.2.1 Sehbeeinträchtigung und Blindheit 10 3.2.2 Para Schwimmen 13 3.2.3 Schwimmwende 19 3.3 Stand der Gerätetechnik 25 3.3.1 Stationäre Systeme 25 3.3.2 Mobile Systeme 28 3.3.3 Gesamtübersicht 32 4 Konzeptphase 35 4.1 Expertenbefragung 36 4.2 Hauptanforderungen 39 4.3 Konzeptfragen 40 4.4 Signalübertragung 41 4.4.1 Signalart 44 4.4.2 Empfängerposition grob (Körperregion) 45 4.4.3 Studie 1a: Empfängerposition fein (Kopfregion) 48 4.4.4 Studie 1b: Signalintensität 52 4.4.5 Signaltaktung 57 4.5 Konzeptentwurf 59 5 Realisierungsphase 60 5.1 Prototypsystem und Komponenten 61 5.2 Prototypfunktionsprinzip 62 5.3 Realisierungsstand 63 6 Evaluierungsphase 63 6.1.1 Studie 2: Zuverlässigkeit des IPA-Systems Testumgebung und -ablauf 65 6.1.2 Fragestellungen 67 6.1.3 Ergebnisse 68 6.1.4 Diskussion und Fazit 69 6.2 Studie 3a: 1D- Magnedfeldsensorik 73 6.2.1 Simulation der Schwimmlage 75 6.2.2 Simulation der Anschwimmposition 77 6.2.3 Simulation der Höhendifferenz 80 6.2.4 Diskussion und Fazit 82 6.3 Studie 3b: Mehrdimensionale Sensorik 84 6.3.1 2D-Magnetfeldsensorik 85 6.3.2 3D-Magentfeldsensorik 90 6.3.3 Diskussion und Fazit 93 6.4 Studie 4a: Einfluss der Belastungsintensität auf die taktile Wahrnehmung 96 6.4.1 Fragestellungen 96 6.4.2 Testumgebung und -ablauf 97 6.4.3 Ergebnisse 100 6.5 Studie 4b: Wahrnehmung des Vibrationssignals einer S13 Schwimmerin 103 6.5.1 Fragestellungen 103 6.5.2 Testumgebung und -ablauf 104 6.5.3 Ergebnisse 105 6.5.4 Diskussion und Fazit 106 7 Praxistransferphase 111 7.1 Para Trainingsgruppe 111 7.2 Studie 5: S11-Schwimmer mit zwanzigwöchiger Trainingsintervention 113 7.2.1 Fragestellungen 113 7.2.2 Testumgebung und –ablauf 113 7.2.3 Ergebnisse 116 7.2.4 Diskussion und Fazit 119 7.3 Internationale Deutsche Meisterschaften der Behinderten 2017 124 8 Zusammenfassung 125 9 Ausblick 127 10 Literaturverzeichnis 130 Anhang 14

Applications of basic memory research

Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Gedächtnisforschung zu ordnen, zu erläutern und auf die Grundlagenforschung zu beziehen. Im Gegensatz zu alltäglichen Sichtweisen, die von einem einheitlichen, monolithischen Gedächtnis ausgehen, wird zunächst ein Modell der Grundlagenforschung beschrieben, in dem "das Gedächtnis" in aufeinander bezogene Subsysteme unterteilt wird. Das Modell kann und wird für drei unterscheidbare Anwendungszwecke genutzt: Quasi-paradigmatische Anwendungen in anderen Forschungsbereichen, Ausdehnungen des Modells auf alltägliche Behaltensprobleme und -Situationen sowie technologische Anwendungen. Schwerpunktmäßig werden zwei technologische Anwendungen erläutert: Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung von Verarbeitungsstrategien bei retardierten oder behinderten Kindern sowie mnemotechnische Verfahren zum Erwerb neuer Wissensinformationen. Nach dem derzeitigen Forschungsstand werden technologische Anwendungen als erfolgversprechend bewertet, wenn sie auf sorgfältig eingegrenzte Subsysteme konzentriert werden und möglichst auch Kontroll- und Überwachungsfunktionen auf den Probanden übertragen. (DIPF/Orig.)The author is trying to classify and to describe applications of basic memory research. In contrast to ordinary and everyday uses of the concept, which seem to proliferate a monolithic view of "one memory“", research has led to models dividing memory into interrelated subsystems which are described here. Such models can be and are used for three different types of applications: Quasi-paradigmatic applications in other research domains, applications in everyday settings with naturally occurring information and technological applications. Of the latter kind, two forms are described: Training approaches to ameliorate strategies of information processing in retarded or learning-deficient persons and mnemonics to acquire new knowledge. Technological applications seem to be promising, if they concentrate all efforts on subsystems underlying the problem and if they implicate devices which further metacognitive or monitoring processes in the trainee. (DIPF/Orig.

Fluxo de caixa para empresas que precisam gerencialmente de análises de caixa em segmentos ou produtos

Orientador: Márcia BortolocciMonografia(Especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná,Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Curso de Especialização em ControladoriaResumo: A necessidade das empresas em mesclar sua atuação, como objetivo de evitar o risco e uma alteração atingir negativamente sua atividade-fim e afetar a continuidade da mesma, faz com que série uma necessidade de separar os resultados de cada uma de suas partes. Controlar e gerenciar o fluxo de caixa e uma atividade importante e que pode contribuir para o sucesso da empresa. Efetuar o controle deste fluxo pelas divisões identificadas ajudara para obtenção do sucesso para cada uma delas. Nesse sentido, a utilização de um software de planilhas eletrônicas, que gere os relatórios conforme a necessidade de cada empresa, agiliza a informação e pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta para o gerenciamento do caixa e tomada de decisão. Neste estudo criou-se um passo-a-passo para a utilização do software Microsoft Excel® como ferramenta de gerenciamento do fluxo de caixa e das informações nele contidas. O passo-a-passo descreve como criar o relatório fluxo de caixa pelo método direto e, também, como elaborar os gráficos. As facilidades encontradas com a utilização do Microsoft Excel® no gerenciamento dos dados de um fluxo de caixa são bastante atrativas e trazem beneficio significativo para a análise das informações e tomada de decisão.Resumo: A necessidade das empresas em mesclar sua atuação, como objetivo de evitar o risco e uma alteração atingir negativamente sua atividade-fim e afetar a continuidade da mesma, faz com que série uma necessidade de separar os resultados de cada uma de suas partes. Controlar e gerenciar o fluxo de caixa e uma atividade importante e que pode contribuir para o sucesso da empresa. Efetuar o controle deste fluxo pelas divisões identificadas ajudara para obtenção do sucesso para cada uma delas. Nesse sentido, a utilização de um software de planilhas eletrônicas, que gere os relatórios conforme a necessidade de cada empresa, agiliza a informação e pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta para o gerenciamento do caixa e tomada de decisão. Neste estudo criou-se um passo-a-passo para a utilização do software Microsoft Excel® como ferramenta de gerenciamento do fluxo de caixa e das informações nele contidas. O passo-a-passo descreve como criar o relatório fluxo de caixa pelo método direto e, também, como elaborar os gráficos. As facilidades encontradas com a utilização do Microsoft Excel® no gerenciamento dos dados de um fluxo de caixa são bastante atrativas e trazem beneficio significativo para a análise das informações e tomada de decisão

Desafios da docência no ensino superior: o caso do curso de publicidade e propaganda

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal depreender das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) do curso de Comunicação Social com habilitação em Publicidade e Propaganda (PP) e de Projetos Pedagógicos, desafios da docência no ensino superior. A intenção foi colocar em evidência desafios para a prática docente em cursos de PP e discuti-los tendo como referência as verbalizações de professores que atuam nesses cursos. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa recorreu-se aos estudos de Masetto (1998, 2003 e 2013), Cunha (1989, 2001, 2007 e 2010), Tardif (2005), Roldão (2005 e 2007), Pimenta (2002 e 2011), Isaia (2006), Anastasiou (2004) entre outros. Procedeu-se a um estudo qualitativo e a metodologia abrangeu como fonte de informação as DCNs, os documentos que descrevem os projetos pedagógicos de duas instituições e as respostas fornecidas por três professores entrevistados que atuam em cursos de PP e que trabalham em diferentes instituições privadas de ensino superior, situadas na Baixada Santista. Os principais desafios elencados foram: a mudança do perfil dos ingressantes; as exigências decorrentes da complexidade do mundo contemporâneo; a relação teoria e prática; as práticas docentes que favorecem a criatividade e o uso de novas linguagens pelo aluno e, por fim, a responsabilidade social da profissão e os compromissos éticos. O estudo resultou em algumas considerações em relação ao perfil do aluno do ensino superior, às facilidades de acesso às informações, às práticas docentes no curso de PP e ao processo de constituição identitária do professor do ensino superior. Discutiu-se que para o enfrentamento dos desafios que se colocam ao exercício da docência no ensino superior é essencial superar a cultura do individualismo. Destaca-se o papel das Instituições de Ensino Superior na criação de espaços formativos sistemáticos que favoreçam o desenvolvimento profissional e o aprendizado da docência, o que implica considerar as opiniões dos professores e, sobretudo, ouvi-los falar dos problemas que enfrentam na prática docente. Os processos de formação continuada no ensino superior devem considerar também outros aspectos, como a atenção ao clima de colaboração entre os professores, bem como o apoio e a presença de recursos necessários às inovações. Considerou-se que superar o isolamento do trabalho docente é condição essencial para que as instituições apresentem proposições mais avançadas e consistentes em seus projetos formativos.This research aims to infer the National Curriculum Guidelines of the Social Communication course with specialization in Publicity and Advertising and pedagogical projects, challenges of teaching in university education. The intention was to highlight challenges for teaching practice in Publicity and Advertising courses and discuss them as a reference to the utterances of teachers who work in these courses. For the development of the research we used Masetto¿s studies (1998, 2003 and 2013), Cunha¿s (1989, 2001, 2007 and 2010), Tardif¿s (2005), Roldão¿s (2005 and 2007), Pimenta¿s (2002 and 2011), Isaia¿s (2006), Anastasiou¿s (2004) among others. There was a qualitative study and the methodology included as an information source the National Curriculum Guidelines, the documents describing the educational projects of both institutions and the responses given by three professors interviewed who work in Publicity and Advertising courses and in different private universities, located in Santos. The main challenges listed were: a change in the profile of entering students; the requirements of complexity of contemporary world; the relationship between theory and practice; teaching practices that promote creativity and the use of new languages by the student and, finally, the social responsibility of the profession and the ethical commitments. The study resulted in some considerations in relation to university education student profile, to information of access facilities, the teaching practices in the course of Publicity and Advertising and the identity construction process of the higher education teacher. It was discussed that to confront the challenges facing the practice of teaching in higher education is essential to overcome the culture of individualism. It highlights the role of higher education institutions in creating systematic formative spaces that foster the professional development learning to teach, which implies consider the opinions of teachers and, above all, listen to them talk about the problems they face in teaching practice. Continuing education processes in higher education should also consider other aspects such as attention to the climate of collaboration between teachers as well the support and the presence of the necessary resources to innovation. It was considered that overcoming the isolation of teaching is the essential condition for institutions to show the most advanced and consistent propositions in their formative projects.Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santo

Gadolinium – Bestimmung von Gadolinium und seinen Verbindungen in der Luft am Arbeitsplatz mittels Massenspektrometrie mit induktiv gekoppeltem Plasma (ICP-MS)

The working group “Air Analyses” of the German Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK Commission) developed and verified the presented analytical method. This analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of gadolinium [7440-54-2] and its compounds in workplace air in a concentration range of one tenth up to twice of the general dust limit value for the respirable dust fraction in Germany of 1.25 mg/m3. For sampling, a defined volume of air is drawn through a membrane filter (cellulose nitrate). The flow rate is set to 10 l/min and sampling duration is 2 hours. Gadolinium is extracted with a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acid or just nitric acid, depending on the digesting method – open hot-block or microwave-assisted pressure digestion. The samples are subsequently analysed using mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS). The quantitative determination is based on a calibration function. The limit of quantification is 0.002 µg/m3 (open hot-block digestion) and 0.001 µg/m3 (microwave-assisted pressure digestion), respectively, based on an air sample volume of 1200 l and 20 ml digestion volume. The mean recovery is 95.1% (open hot-block digestion) and 94.7% (microwave-assisted pressure digestion), respectively. The expanded uncertainty for the validation range of 0.167 to 2.5 mg/m3 is 23.5 to 25.0%. In der Originalversion des Artikels (DOI 10.34865/am744054d9_3or) ist in der Citation Note der Name der Autorin „Pitzke K“ falsch geschrieben. In diesem Erratum wird die Autorin korrekt genannt

Germanium – Determination of germanium and its non-volatile inorganic compounds in workplace air using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

The working group “Air Analyses” of the German Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK Commission) developed and verified the presented analytical method. This analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of germanium [7440-56-4] and its non-volatile compounds in workplace air in a concentration range of one tenth up to twice of the currently valid Occupational Exposure Limit Value (OELV) in Germany of 0.85 mg/m3 as germanium in the inhalable particle fraction. For sampling, a defined volume of air is drawn through a membrane filter (nitrocellulose). The flow rate is 10 l/min and sampling duration is 2 hours. Germanium is digested with a mixture of hydrofluoric and nitric acid in a microwave-assisted pressure digestion. The samples are subsequently analysed using mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS). The quantitative determination is based on a calibration function. The limit of quantification is 0.004 µg/m3 for an air sample volume of 1200 l and 20 ml digestion volume. The mean recovery is 97.2% for germanium and 97.9% for germanium dioxide. The expanded uncertainty for the validation range of 0.085 to 1.7 mg/m3 is 35.7 to 24.4%