Structural Breaks in Inflation Dynamics within the European Monetary Union

To assess the effects of the EMU on inflation rate dynamics of its member states, the inflation rate series for 21 European countries are investigated for structural changes. To capture changes in mean, variance, and skewness of inflation rates, a generalized logistic model is adopted and complemented with structural break tests and breakpoint estimation techniques. These reveal considerable differences in the patterns of inflation dynamics and the structural changes therein. Overall, there is a convergence towards a lower mean inflation rate with reduced skewness, but it is accompanied by an increase in variance.inflation rate, structural break, EMU, generalized logistic distribution

Structural Breaks in Inflation Dynamics within the European Monetary Union

To assess the effects of the EMU on inflation rate dynamics of its member states, the inflation rate series for 21 European countries are investigated for structural changes. To capture changes in mean, variance, and skewness of inflation rates, a generalized logistic model is adopted and complemented with structural break tests and breakpoint estimation techniques. These reveal considerable differences in the patterns of inflation dynamics and the structural changes therein. Overall, there is a convergence towards a lower mean inflation rate with reduced skewness, but it is accompanied by an increase in variance

Dirty floating and monetary independence in Central and Eastern Europe - The role of structural breaks

Obtaining reliable estimates of the volatility of interest rates and exchange rates is a necessary condition to evaluate issues related to monetary independence and fear of floating. In this paper we use methods which explicitly account for structural breaks in the volatility dynamics in order to assess monetary independence in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Our results indicate that the explicit modelling of structural breaks in volatility estimates can lead to striking differences concerning the evidence of monetary independence in Central and Eastern Europe. The results based on volatility estimates which account for regime change tend to indicate that the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland have had a significant degree of monetary independence in the last decade

“No Man is an Island”: Tracing Functions of Insular Landscapes in David Mitchell’s Fiction

peer reviewe

Identification of optical transitions in complex highly charged ions for applications in metrology and tests of fundamental constants

Forbidden optical transitions in highly charged ions have become subject of extensive theoretical investigations due to their suitability as next generation frequency standards and for tests on a possible variation of the fine structure constant alpha. In particular, a level crossing in the Nd-like ion Ir17+ provides optical transitions with the highest sensitivity to such a variation ever predicted for a stable atomic system. However, the vast majority of the proposed ions have never been investigated experimentally, and accurate theoretical calculations are difficult due to complex electron correlations. This work explores the optical spectra of Nd-like W, Re, Os, Ir, and Pt with the Heidelberg electron beam ion trap. A method has been developed to identify fine structure transitions in isoelectronic sequences by exploiting the scaling of transition energies depending on the atomic number Z. This method was independently validated by the analysis of the Zeeman splitting in high resolution and accuracy spectra of the brightest Ir17+ lines. Advanced atomic structure calculations could be experimentally tested for the first time in this class of complex ions providing a benchmark for future calculations. From the achieved identifications, the transition energies of proposed frequency standards in Hf12+ and W14+ were inferred, as well as possible values for the sought-after alpha-sensitive M2/E3 transition energies in Ir17+

Zwischen linguistischen Welten: Onymische Phraseme als Phraseologismen und Eigennamen

This paper provides an overview of the discussion on so called onymic phrasemes. In onomastics they are usually described as fixed combinations of words functioning as proper names (proper noun phrases). The focus hereby is on those names that are not only polylexical and semantically transparent (cf. the White House, the “new Länder“) but also have an apparent literal meaning (cf. appellative/ descriptive meaning) and a non-literal meaning (‘specific/ assigned meaning’). Phraseology integrates those names as a special class of phrasemes or more precisely as nominative phrasemes with the feature [+ onymic]. Like all phrasemes, they are polylexical and rigid and develop a “new meaning” which should be modeled along theoretical conceptions. Upon closer inspection one can also find correlations along the lines of questions of meaning, phraseologization, proprialization, as well as idiomatization and dissociation. Problems in lexicography and orthography result from the status of onymic phrasemes of the type the Far East. Whether or not onomastics and phraseology should work together more closely on this topic or distance themselves from one another can only be determined once the discipline of onomastics is more engaged with phraseolexemes of the type [+ onymic/ monoreferential]. The aim of this paper is to call attention to similarities and differences between these two fields

Decay rate measurement of the first vibrationally excited state of MgH+^+ in a cryogenic Paul trap

We present a method to measure the decay rate of the first excited vibrational state of simple polar molecular ions being part of a Coulomb crystal in a cryogenic linear Paul trap. Specifically, we have monitored the decay of the $|\nu$=$1,J$=$1 \rangle_X$ towards the $|\nu$=$0,J$=$0 \rangle_X$ level in MgH$^+$ by saturated laser excitation of the $|\nu$=$0,J$=$2 \rangle_X$-$|\nu$=$1,J$=$1 \rangle_X$ transition followed by state selective resonance enhanced two-photon dissociation out of the $|\nu$=$0,J$=$2 \rangle_X$ level. The technique enables the determination of decay rates, and thus absorption strengths, with an accuracy at the few percent level.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Optical spectroscopy of complex open 4dd-shell ions Sn7+^{7+}-Sn10+^{10+}

We analyze the complex level structure of ions with many-valence-electron open [Kr] 4$d^\textrm{m}$ sub-shells ($\textrm{m}$=7-4) with ab initio calculations based on configuration-interaction many-body perturbation theory (CI+MBPT). Charge-state-resolved optical and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectra of Sn$^{7+}$-Sn$^{10+}$ ions were obtained using an electron beam ion trap. Semi-empirical spectral fits carried out with the orthogonal parameters technique and Cowan code calculations lead to 90 identifications of magnetic-dipole transitions and the determination of 79 energy ground-configuration levels, questioning some earlier EUV-line assignments. Our results, the most complete data set available to date for these ground configurations, confirm the ab initio predictive power of CI+MBPT calculations for the these complex electronic systems.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Editorial : Pathological changes in erythrocytes during inflammation and infection

No abstract available.https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiologydm2022Physiolog