Efecto de la suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz molido sobre el consumo y el desempeño productivo de ovinos de pelo colombiano

Objetivo. Efecto de la suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz molido sobre el consumo y el desempeño productivos de ovinos de pelo Colombiano. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 24 ovinos con peso de 16 ± 2 kg durante 127 días. Los tratamientos fueron T0: pastoreo, T1: pastoreo + 25% semilla de algodón (SA) + 75% maíz molido (MM), T2: pastoreo + 50% (SA) + 50% (MM) y T3: pastoreo + 75% (SA) + 25% (MM). Para estimar la digestibilidad se utilizó la fibra en detergente ácido indigerible (FDAi) recuperada en las muestras de heces, forrajes y suplementos, las cuales fueron incubadas in situ durante 144 horas y oxido de cromo (Cr2O3) como marcador externo para cuantificar la producción de heces. Se utilizó un diseño completo aleatorizado con cuatro tratamientos y seis repeticiones, se realizó análisis de varianza para determinar diferencias significativas al nivel de (p<0.05) Resultados. Se encontró diferencias (p≤0.05) para la digestibilidad y el consumo de materia seca. Los valores medios de digestibilidad fueron 47.6, 56.2, 58.6 y 59.0% y de consumo de 0.514, 0.788, 1.02 y 1.40 kg d-1 para T0, T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente. Para la ganancia de peso y la condición corporal se encontraron diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) presentando promedios de 0.053, 0.126, 0.128 y 0.130 kg d-1 y una condición corporal de 2, 3, 3, 3 para T0, T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz estimuló el consumo y mejoró el desempeño productivo de los animales.

Efecto de la suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz molido sobre el consumo y el desempeño productivo de ovinos de pelo colombiano

Objective. Effect of supplementation with cotton seed and ground corn on the intake and productive performance of Colombian hair sheep. Materials and methods. 24 sheep with an average weight of 16 ± 2 kg were distributed in four treatments T0: grazing, T1: grazing + 25% cotton seed (CS) + 75% ground corn (GC), T2: grazing + 50% CS + 50% GC and T3: grazing + 75% CS + 25% GC. The indigestible acid detergent fiber (FDAi) was used as internal marker and chromium oxide (Cr2O3) as an external marker. Samples of feces, forages and supplements were incubated in situ (rumen) for 144 hours. To calculate fecal production, 1 g of (Cr2O3) was given to each ovine in a gelatin capsule for 15 days. A complete randomized design with four treatments and six replicates was used. The animals were weighed every 14 days to determine the daily weight gains. Food conversion and feed efficiency were determined. An ANOVA was performed in a completely randomized design. Results. There were differences (p≤0.05) for digestibility and dry matter intake (DMi) and, presenting values of 47.6, 56.2, 58.6, and 59.0% and DMi were 0.514, 0.788, 1.02, and 1.40 kg/animal/d for T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively. For DWG differences (p≤0.05) were found, being 0.053, 0.126, 0.128 and 0.130 kg d-1 for T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Conclusions. Supplementation with cotton seed and ground corn stimulated DMS and improved the productive performance of the animals.Objetivo. Efecto de la suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz molido sobre el consumo y el desempeño productivos de ovinos de pelo Colombiano. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 24 ovinos con peso de 16 ± 2 kg durante 127 días. Los tratamientos fueron T0: pastoreo, T1: pastoreo + 25% semilla de algodón (SA) + 75% maíz molido (MM), T2: pastoreo + 50% (SA) + 50% (MM) y T3: pastoreo + 75% (SA) + 25% (MM). Para estimar la digestibilidad se utilizó la fibra en detergente ácido indigerible (FDAi) recuperada en las muestras de heces, forrajes y suplementos, las cuales fueron incubadas in situ durante 144 horas y oxido de cromo (Cr2O3) como marcador externo para cuantificar la producción de heces. Se utilizó un diseño completo aleatorizado con cuatro tratamientos y seis repeticiones, se realizó análisis de varianza para determinar diferencias significativas al nivel de (p&lt;0.05) Resultados. Se encontró diferencias (p≤0.05) para la digestibilidad y el consumo de materia seca. Los valores medios de digestibilidad fueron 47.6, 56.2, 58.6 y 59.0% y de consumo de 0.514, 0.788, 1.02 y 1.40 kg d-1 para T0, T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente. Para la ganancia de peso y la condición corporal se encontraron diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) presentando promedios de 0.053, 0.126, 0.128 y 0.130 kg d-1 y una condición corporal de 2, 3, 3, 3 para T0, T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La suplementación con semilla de algodón y maíz estimuló el consumo y mejoró el desempeño productivo de los animales.

Chronic coronary syndromes without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes: the CLARIFY registry

Background and Aims: It has been reported that patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (SMuRFs—diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and smoking) presenting with first myocardial infarction (MI), especially women, have a higher in-hospital mortality than patients with risk factors, and possibly a lower long-term risk provided they survive the post-infarct period. This study aims to explore the long-term outcomes of SMuRF-less patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: CLARIFY is an observational cohort of 32 703 outpatients with stable CAD enrolled between 2009 and 2010 in 45 countries. The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with and without SMuRFs were compared. The primary outcome was a composite of 5-year CV death or non-fatal MI. Secondary outcomes were 5-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE—CV death, non-fatal MI, or non-fatal stroke). Results: Among 22 132 patients with complete risk factor and outcome information, 977 (4.4%) were SMuRF-less. Age, sex, and time since CAD diagnosis were similar across groups. SMuRF-less patients had a lower 5-year rate of CV death or non-fatal MI (5.43% [95% CI 4.08–7.19] vs. 7.68% [95% CI 7.30–8.08], P = 0.012), all-cause mortality, and MACE. Similar results were found after adjustments. Clinical event rates increased steadily with the number of SMuRFs. The benefit of SMuRF-less status was particularly pronounced in women. Conclusions: SMuRF-less patients with stable CAD have a substantial but significantly lower 5-year rate of CV death or non-fatal MI than patients with risk factors. The risk of CV outcomes increases steadily with the number of risk factors