Chemical investigation and anatomical aspects of wood residues from Hymenaea courbaril L, Platymiscium ulei Harms, Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke

In recent years, the interest in the propagation of native forest species has intensified with the aim of recovering degraded areas and the restoration of the landscape. As such, some species of Fabaceae are considered promising woody species for planting in reforestation programs and agroforestry systems. In the present paper, the authors complement the need for studies related to secondary metabolites of the woody species Hymenaea courbaril L. Platymiscium ulei Harms and Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke. Thus, the phytochemical study of H. courbaril led to the isolation and identification of diterpenes eperuic acid (1) and methyl eperuate (2); triterpenes oleanolic acid (3) and hederagenin (8); flavonoides quercetin (4), fisetinediol (5), liquiritigenin (6) and 3-methoxy-5,7,3\u27,5\u27-tetrahydroxyflavanonol (7). P. ulei gave pterocarpane homopterocarpin (9) and coumarin scoparone (10); H. petraeum gave isoflavan sativan (11), in addition to the amino acid tyrosine (12). Flavonoids were the predominant constituents in the three species of Fabaceae; however, the presence of isoflavonoids in Platymiscium ulei and Hymenolobium petraeum is probably associated with the resistance of this high density wood to pathogenic fungi

Transcriptional profiling of a fungal granuloma reveals a low metabolic activity of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeasts and an actively regulated host immune response

Granulomas are important immunological structures in the host defense against the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the main etiologic agent of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a granulomatous systemic mycosis endemic in Latin America. We have performed transcriptional and proteomic studies of yeasts present in the pulmonary granulomas of PCM aiming to identify relevant genes and proteins that act under stressing conditions. C57BL/6 mice were infected with 1x106 yeasts and after 8- and 12-weeks of infection, granulomatous lesions were obtained for extraction of fungal and murine RNAs and fungal proteins. Dual transcriptional profiling was done comparing lung cells and P. brasiliensis yeasts from granulomas with uninfected lung cells and the original yeast suspension used in the infection, respectively. Mouse transcripts indicated a lung malfunction, with low expression of genes related to muscle contraction and organization. In addition, an increased expression of transcripts related to the activity of neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, lymphocytes as well as an elevated expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17 transcripts were observed. The increased expression of transcripts for CTLA-4, PD-1 and arginase-1, provided evidence of immune regulatory mechanisms within the granulomatous lesions. Also, our results indicate iron as a key element for the granuloma to function, where a high number of transcripts related to fungal siderophores for iron uptake was observed, a mechanism of fungal virulence not previously described in granulomas. Furthermore, transcriptomics and proteomics analyzes indicated a low fungal activity within the granuloma, as demonstrated by the decreased expression of genes and proteins related to energy metabolism and cell cycle

Utilização da solução de bicarbonato de sódio na COVID-19 através do telemonitoramento: Use of sodium bicarbonate solution in COVID-19 through telemonitoring

A utilização da nebulização com solução alcalina de bicarbonato de sódio seria uma opção para possivelmente prevenir a infecção da COVID-19, haja vista o contexto da pandemia e a incessante busca por um tratamento. Esta pesquisa objetiva descrever e elencar os sintomas de um grupo de pacientes que realizaram a nebulização com solução de sódio no período de pandemia da COVID 19. Trata-se de um estudo com análise descritiva dos sintomas e intercorrências clínicas de pacientes de um mesmo grupo familiar com a utilização da solução de bicarbonato de sódio em combate à disseminação do vírus Sars-CoV-2. Durante os primeiros 14 dias de nebulização, o único sintoma apresentado por um componente do grupo familiar foi de cefaléia. Conclui-se que a combinação de hábitos saudáveis, isolamento social e alcalinização das vias aéreas tem potencial de proteção sólido para contaminação e atenuação da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O perfil semiológico do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta

OBJETIVO: O seguinte estudo objetivou descrever a semiologia do paciente portador de hemorragia digestiva alta, considerando como determinante na avaliação de potencias focos hemorrágicos. METODOLOGIA: Foram realizadas buscas nas plataformas do SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar,utilizando os descritores gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcerous disease e varicose hemorrhage, sendo identificados 35 estudos, dos quais foram incluídos 13 artigos completos. Desses estudos, 5 avaliaram as principais etiologias, 2 o surgimento de novos testes diagnósticos, 2 analisaram os aspectos epidemiológicos e 1 a sintomatologia apresentada pelo acometimento da hemorragia digestiva alta. Observou-se inicialmente a abundâncias de informações conceituais sobre o sangramento, como um transtorno clínico comum, acompanhada de inúmeras manifestações, considerando que o foco hemorrágico pode ocorrer em qualquer porção do trato gastrointestinal. Neste estudo, todas as publicações eleitas apresentaram o quadro semiológico composto por algia abdominal, indícios de choque hipovolêmico e taquicardia, alguns exibiram quedas abruptas da pressão arterial, odinofagia, êmese, náuseas e estado ictérico. Os pacientes implicados, cronicamente, já manifestaram ocorrências prévias, devido ao caráter recidivante torna-se essencial investigar a existência de varizes, fístula aorto-entérica, angiodisplasia e doença ulcerosa. CONCLUSÃO: Elucida-se que a hemorragia digestiva alta representa a principal causa de sangramento do trato gastrointestinal, majoritamente manifesta-se como hematêmese ou melena e cursam com o quadro sintomatológico que auxilia na avaliação da gravidade deste e o embasamento de potenciais focos de sangramento e que contribuam para disseminação de informações e intervenções futuras

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Intervenções de enfermagem para pacientes oncológicos com odor fétido em ferida tumoral

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify nursing interventions to diagnose foul odor from malignant wounds. Methods: An integrative review of the literature in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS and Cochrane databases resulted in the selection of 48 scientific articles on the subject. Results: Based on the empirical evidence found in the articles included in the study, 24 nursing interventions were developed to control and reduce foul odor from malignant wounds. Conclusions: The nursing interventions outlined in the study make it possible to improve the quality of life for patients in palliative care who have malignant wounds. A subsequent suggestion to the Inter- national Council of Nurses is that these interventions be clinically validated so they can be inserted into the subset of the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP) concerning palliative care for a dignified death. Objetivo: identificar intervenções de enfermagem para o diagnóstico de odor fétido em ferida tumoral. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada por meio das bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS e Cochrane, que culminou com a seleção de 48 artigos científicos sobre a temática pesquisada. Resultados: com base nas evidências empíricas identificadas nos artigos incluídos no estudo, foram elaboradas 24 intervenções de enfermagem para o controle e a redução do odor fétido em feridas tumorais. Conclusão: as inter- venções de enfermagem apresentadas neste estudo possibilitam a promoção da qualidade de vida ao paciente com ferida tumoral em cuidado paliativo. Como sugestão posterior ao Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiros, devem ser validadas clinicamente para que sua inserção seja feita no subconjunto terminológico cuidados paliativos para uma morte digna, da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem (CIPE®). doi: 10.5294/aqui.2017.17.3.2Objetivo: identificar intervenciones de enfermería para el diagnóstico de Olor fétido en herida tumoral. Métodos: revisión integra- dora de la literatura a partir de las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS e Cochrane, que resultó en la selección de 48 artículos científicos acerca de la temática investigada. Resultados: con base en las evidencias empíricas identificadas en los artículos incluidos en el estudio, se elaboraron 24 intervenciones de enfermería para el control y la reducción del olor fétido en heridas tumorales. Conclu- siones: las intervenciones de enfermería presentadas en el estudio posibilitan la promoción de la calidad de vida al paciente con herida tumoral en cuidado paliativo. Como sugerencia posterior al Consejo Internacional de Enfermeros, se deben validar clínicamente para que su inserción se realice en el subconjunto terminológico cuidados paliativos para una muerte digna, de la Clasificación Internacional para la Práctica de Enfermería (CIPE®).