The influence of the parental image in development of the personality of patients with affective disorder

Catedra Psihiatrie, Narcologie şi Psihologie Medicală USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu” Catedra Antropologie, Universitatea din New York, SUAThe article presents the results of analysis of the influence of the parental image in development of the pathological personality traits and the consequences of the parental rejection perceived in childhood by the patients with depressive disorder. Strong correlations between depression and some psychopathological trait of personality were revealed. The correlation between depression and deficiency of warmth perceived in childhood by the patients were found and the tendency to hide this information was shown. În articol sunt prezentate rezultatele analizei influenţii imaginii parentale in dezvoltarea trăsăturilor patologice personale şi consecinţelor fenomenului respingerii părinteşti, percepute în copilărie de pacienţii cu tulburărilor depresive. Sau evidenţiat corelaţiile puternice între depresie şi unele trăsături specifice pentru tulburări de personalitate. S-a demonstrat corelaţia între depresia şi dificienţa căldurii percepute de pacienţi în copilărie, şi tendinţă de a ascunde informaţia aceasta de către unii din pacienţi

The Explanations for Unemployment Scale: An Eight-Country Study on Factor Equivalence

Explanations for Unemployment have been studied through a 20-item scale created by Furnham (1982) on three theoretical dimensions: the individualistic, the societal, and the fatalistic. In this study we revised this scale to co-ordinate it with contemporary social and economic facts and through metric testing-adjustments and multivariate statistical analysis we arrived at a 19-item scale retaining eight of the original scale items. This revised scale was statistically and theoretically valid as its factor structure closely resembled the original factor structure Furnham had described. For the second stage of the study, data were collected from eight countries and multilevel covariance structure analysis was applied to the data pool. The final structure can be considered universal for seven of these countries, meaning that the structure people employ to explain unemployment is the same across countries. The individualistic factor was clearly supported in this structure. The second factor narrowed the societal spectrum to industrial management and educational provision and the third factor appeared as a transformation of the fatalistic dimension to a “helplessness” factor. The three factors were investigated for their scoring differences across countries and overall

The adaptive significance of cultural behavior

In this article, I argue that human social behavior is a product of the coevolution of human biology and culture. While critical of attempts by anthropologists to explain cultural practices as if they were independent of the ability of individual human beings to survive and reproduce, I am also leery of attempts by biologists to explain the consistencies between neo-Darwinian theory and cultural behavior as the result of natural selection for that behavior. Instead, I propose that both biological and cultural attributes of human beings result to a large degree from the selective retention of traits that enhance the inclusive fitnesses of individuals in their environments. Aspects of human biology and culture may be adaptive in the same sense despite differences between the mechanisms of selection and regardless of their relative importance in the evolution of a trait. The old idea that organic and cultural evolution are complementary can thus be used to provide new explanations for why people do what they do .Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44491/1/10745_2005_Article_BF01531215.pd

Effects of Immigration on Selected Health Risk Behaviors of Black College Students

The authors administered the National College Health Risk Behavior Survey to 1,219 college students who were attending a historically Black college located in New York City. They assessed the US-born Black students and Black students who emigrated to the United States for differences in risky sexual behaviors, risky dietary behaviors, and physical inactivity. They used bivariate and multiple regression analyses to analyze the data and observed significant differences between the US-born and non-US-born students in the behavioral domains of risky sexual behaviors (p = .003), risky dietary behaviors (p = .001), and physical inactivity (p = .010). They conclude that immigration is associated with health protective behavior in the domains of sexual behavior and physical activity among the Black college students attending this particular institution. However, in the domain of dietary intake, immigration status was associated with increased risk in these Black college students

D-PLACE: A Global Database of Cultural, Linguistic and Environmental Diversity - Fig 1

<p><b>D-PLACE links cultural information to language classifications and phylogenies (a, c) and to geographic locations and environmental features (b, d). This allows users to consider the relative influence of cultural ancestry, spatial proximity, and environment on diverse cultural practices. For example, panels a and b illustrate variation among societies in their dependence on fishing relative to other subsistence activities, based on data from the Ethnographic Atlas (EA)</b> [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158391#pone.0158391.ref011" target="_blank">11</a>–<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158391#pone.0158391.ref015" target="_blank">15</a>] <b>and the Binford Hunter-Gatherer dataset</b> [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158391#pone.0158391.ref016" target="_blank">16</a>,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0158391#pone.0158391.ref017" target="_blank">17</a>]. <b>Panels c and d highlight diversity in the most common economic transaction at marriage, based on data from the EA. In addition to providing global results, D-PLACE allows users to focus a search on a particular geographic region or linguistic family. Here, results for societies speaking Pama-Nyungan languages (a, b) or Sino-Tibetan languages (c, d) are magnified and outlined in black boxes on the global tree and map.</b></p