Cost/benefit studies of advanced materials technologies for future aircraft turbine engines: Materials for advanced turbine engines

Cost benefit studies were conducted on six advanced materials and processes technologies applicable to commercial engines planned for production in the 1985 to 1990 time frame. These technologies consisted of thermal barrier coatings for combustor and high pressure turbine airfoils, directionally solidified eutectic high pressure turbine blades, (both cast and fabricated), and mixers, tail cones, and piping made of titanium-aluminum alloys. A fabricated titanium fan blisk, an advanced turbine disk alloy with improved low cycle fatigue life, and a long-life high pressure turbine blade abrasive tip and ceramic shroud system were also analyzed. Technologies showing considerable promise as to benefits, low development costs, and high probability of success were thermal barrier coating, directionally solidified eutectic turbine blades, and abrasive-tip blades/ceramic-shroud turbine systems

Powder metallurgy Rene 95 rotating turbine engine parts, volume 2

A Rene 95 alloy as-HIP high pressure turbine aft shaft in the CF6-50 engine and a HIP plus forged Rene 95 compressor disk in the CFM56 engine were tested. The CF6-50 engine test was conducted for 1000 C cycles and the CFM56 test for 2000 C cycles. Post test evaluation and analysis of the CF6-50 shaft and the CFM56 compressor disk included visual, fluorescent penetrant, and dimensional inspections. No defects or otherwise discrepant conditions were found. These parts were judged to have performed satisfactorily

The effect of testing on the vulnerability to misinformation in adolescents and adults

False memories are a frequently recurring problem in the courtroom and therefore research on this topic in highly needed. In the present study, the effect of testing on the vulnerability to misinformation is examined in children, adolescents and adults. The main expectation was that these different age groups have different levels of susceptibility to misinformation. It was hypothesized that the testing effect influences these different levels of susceptibility to misinformation. Fuzzy Trace Theory states that witnesses extract their memories from two different levels of memory representation: gist and verbatim. On the first testing day, after viewing a video of an electrician stealing items from a client’s house, participants received gist (e.g. why do people wear trousers?) or verbatim (e.g. what kind of trousers did Eric wear?) questions. On day two, an eyewitness statement, manipulated with misleading information, was presented, after which participants received a final memory test on a verbatim level. It was found that children were more vulnerable to misinformation than adults, and that adolescents seem to be more similar to children than to adults concerning susceptibility to misinformation. Also, the testing effect was only present when no misinformation was presented. When information was influenced by misinformation, no testing effect was found. No effect was found for the difference between gist and verbatim testing

Between Third Reich and American Way: Transatlantic Migration and the Politics of Belonging, 1919-1939

Historians consider the years between World War I and World War II to be a period of decline for German America. This dissertation complicates that argument by applying a transnational framework to the history of German immigration to the United States, particularly the period between 1919 and 1939. The author argues that contrary to previous accounts of that period, German migrants continued to be invested in the homeland through a variety of public and private relationships that changed the ways in which they thought about themselves as Germans and Americans. By looking at migration through a transnational lens, the author also moves beyond older conventions that merely saw Germanness in language and culture. Instead, the author suggests a framework that investigates race, class, consumerism, gender and citizenship and finds evidence that German migrants not only utilized their heritage to define their Americanness but that German immigrant values, views and norms did indeed fundamentally shape American national identity

Graph-based Sliding Window Localization and Map Refinement for Automated Vehicles

Localization is an essential task in automated driving and advanced driver assistance systems. The precise location of a vehicle is required for extracting information from a map about the vehicle's environment. The map information is typically used to enrich the perceptions of the vehicle using its sensors to ease tasks such as scene understanding or planning. This thesis investigates the challenge of creating a localization framework for automated driving in urban scenarios. Our localization approach relies on detecting distinct elements, so-called landmarks, in the vehicle's surroundings and aligning them to a given map to infer the vehicle's location. A particular challenge that we investigate is using general-purpose landmark maps from third-party distributors for localization. These maps are typically not tailored towards a specific sensor setup or the vehicle's direct sensor configuration, such that the third-party map is not tuned to what the vehicle is able to detect. We explicitly consider this challenge within our approach. In return, our approach allows for using landmark detections from different sensors with a single general-purpose map for localization. Another fundamental challenge of map-based approaches is that maps are getting outdated over time, which is a safety-critical aspect of localization for automated driving. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a reliable update process for successful long-term operation. We contribute to that goal by computing map update hypotheses during operation that could be transmitted to a server back-end for fleet-based validation. We solve localization and map refinement in a combined approach that uses graph-based sliding window optimization to estimate the vehicle's trajectory and landmark positions in an accurate and computationally efficient way. We describe how to construct our approach as a factor graph and derive its necessary factors to model the map landmarks as a prior over the landmark detections. Our approach fuses landmark detections from various sensors, e.g., LiDAR and camera, together with odometry and GNSS measurements. Additionally, we present how to compute sparse global priors, a novel sparsification scheme that allows us to preserve information that we remove from our sliding window without the drawbacks of dense marginalization. We thoroughly evaluate our approach based on real-world data and trajectories recorded in an automated vehicle

Alcohol-Related Car Accidents - The Eighth Circuit Moves toward Policy Change in ERISA Litigation

According to the National Center for Statistics and Analysis, the 16,694 alcohol-related fatalities in 2004 accounted for 39% of all traffic deaths. Although declining slightly from previous years, alcohol-related driving deaths are tragic, and their devastating effects on families are readily apparent. Although typically dubbed drunk-driving accidents, courts have traditionally refused to describe these deaths as accidental. This is particularly true when decedents or their beneficiaries attempt to collect accidental death benefits under the Employment Retirement Income Securities Act ( ERISA ). Focusing on the previously mentioned statistics, courts have often reflected the social intolerance for drunk driving in their decisions. Courts, however, have shown signs of bending on this nearly universal rule, particularly in light of the fact that alcohol-related fatalities occur in only 7% of all car wrecks and the rate of alcohol-related fatalities is roughly one for every 200 million vehicle miles traveled. Other commentators have also noted that of the approximately 1.4 million drivers arrested in 2002, only 8,474 drunk drivers died in an automobile crash, and that drunk drivers make 94 million diriving trips each year. Given this, some courts have concluded that, objectively, it is not highly likely for an impaired driver to die in an alcohol-related wreck, and those deaths are therefore acciednts. While not addressing this question directly, the Eighth Circuit in King v. Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Co. took a small step away from the universal denial of accidental death benefits and toward the contrary holding

Evaluation of thermal insulation materials

Data was obtained on silicone-bonded fiberglass, isocyanurate foam, and two dozen other insulators. Materials were selected to withstand heat sterilization, outer space, and the Martian atmosphere. Significant environmental parameters were vibration, landing shock, and launch venting

Oral History of Gary Cornelsen

Written interview with Gary Cornelsen, 1997 Community Spirit Award recipient.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/ors/1266/thumbnail.jp