The Velocity of the Baseball Batting Swing as Affected by the Addition of a Select Resistance Exercise of a Traditional Pre-season Weight Training Program

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of two types of resistance-training programs on the velocity of the baseball batting swing. A sub-problem of the study was to determine the effect on the velocity of the batting swing of using a weighted bat immediately prior to batting. The following procedure was employed: thirty freshman baseball candidates at the South Dakota State University were selected as subjects and were placed in two groups equated by the measure of the velocity of the baseball batting swing. The subjects in the two experimental groups (Traditional Weight Training Group and Resistance Training Group) participated in a six-week training program. The exercise program was determined by the varsity baseball coach and the writer (wrist curl, two-arm curl, bench press, bent-over lateral raise, one-half squats, and sit-ups with weight, with an additional specific resistance exercise for the Resistance Group). To obtain data for this investigation an initial and a final test for the velocity of the baseball batting swing were administered to the subjects. A second final test was administered in conjunction with the sub-problem of this study. The experimental groups met three times per week. The training program began February 6, 1067 and terminated on March17, 1967. As a result of the findings obtained from this investigation, the following conclusions appear warranted: that either a traditional weight training program or a similar program with the addition of one specific resistance exercise will increase the velocity of the baseball batting swing; that neither method seems to be significantly better than the other; and that swinging a weighted bat immediately prior to batting does not significantly affect the velocity of the baseball swing

Multi-Stage Evolution of Gold-Bearing Hydrothermal Quartz Veins at the Mokrsko Gold Deposit (Czech Republic) Based on Cathodoluminescence, Spectroscopic, and Trace Elements Analyses

We performed a detailed analysis of hydrothermal quartz at the Mokrsko gold deposit (Čelina, Mokrsko-East, and Mokrsko-West deposits). Twenty-one samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy cathodoluminescence (CL) imagining, CL emission spectra and trace elements were measured on six selected samples. Four quartz growth generations Q1 to Q4 were described. Homogeneous early blue CL Q1 with initial emission spectra at 380 and 500 nm was observed at the Čelina deposit with typical titanium concentrations in the range of 20–50 ppm. Hydrothermal quartz at Mokrsko-West, which also includes early Q1, late subhedral faces of yellow CL Q2, and microfissures of greenish CL Q3 (both 570 nm), is characterized by titanium depletion. The titanium concentration is comparable to previous studies of crystallization temperatures proving titanium concentration in quartz as a good geothermal indicator. Q4, developed in microfissures only at Čelina, has no visual CL effect. Mokrsko-West is specific in comparison to Mokrsko-East and Čelina by germanium enrichments in hydrothermal quartz (up to 17 ppm) and the presence of fluorite. Tectonic (sheeted veinlets system, regional tectonic setting) and geochemical (germanium in quartz, the presence of fluorite) characteristics of the quartz veins link the late mineralization stages at the Mokrsko-West deposit to the temporally related Blatná intrusive suite