2,006 research outputs found
An Experimental Proposal to Test Dynamic Quantum Non-locality with Single-Atom Interferometry
Quantum non-locality based on the well-known Bell inequality is of kinematic
nature. A different type of quantum non-locality, the non-locality of the
quantum equation of motion, is recently put forward with connection to the
Aharonov-Bohm effect [Nature Phys. 6, 151 (2010)]. Evolution of the
displacement operator provides an example to manifest such dynamic quantum
non-locality. We propose an experiment using single-atom interferometry to test
such dynamic quantum non-locality. We show how to measure evolution of the
displacement operator with clod atoms in a spin-dependent optical lattice
potential and discuss signature to identify dynamic quantum non-locality under
a realistic experimental setting.Comment: 4 page
Cell- and subcellular organelle-targeting nanoparticle-mediated breast cancer therapy
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor, surpassing lung cancer as the most frequent malignancy in women. Drug resistance, metastasis, and immune escape are the major factors affecting patient survival and represent a huge challenge in BC treatment in clinic. The cell- and subcellular organelle-targeting nanoparticles-mediated targeted BC therapy may be an effective modality for immune evasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Nanocarriers, efficiently delivering small molecules and macromolecules, are used to target subcellular apparatuses with excellent targeting, controlled delivery, and fewer side effects. This study summarizes and critically analyzes the latest organic nanoparticle-mediated subcellular targeted therapeutic based on chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and combination therapy in detail, and discusses the challenges and opportunities of nanoparticle therapy
Generating multi-atom entangled W states via light-matter interface based fusion mechanism
W state is a key resource in quantum communication. Fusion technology has
been proven to be a good candidate for preparing a large-size W state from two
or more small-size W states in linear optical system. It is of great importance
to study how to fuse W states via light-matter interface. Here we show that it
is possible to prepare large-size W-state networks using a fusion mechanism in
cavity QED system. The detuned interaction between three atoms and a vacuum
cavity mode constitute the main fusion mechanism, based on which two or three
small-size atomic W states can be fused into a larger-size W state. If no
excitation is detected from those three atoms, the remaining atoms are still in
the product of two or three new W states, which can be re-fused. The
complicated Fredkin gate used in the previous fusion schemes is avoided here. W
states of size 2 can be fused as well. The feasibility analysis shows that our
fusion processes maybe implementable with the current technology. Our results
demonstrate how the light-matter interaction based fusion mechanism can be
realized, and may become the starting point for the fusion of multipartite
entanglement in cavity QED system.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
A survey of impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease patients in Shanghai area and literature review
Diquarks and the Semi-Leptonic Decay of in the Hybrid Scheme
In this work we use the heavy-quark-light-diquark picture to study the
semileptonic decay in the so-called
hybrid scheme. Namely, we apply the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) for
larger (corresponding to small recoil), which is the invariant mass
square of , whereas the perturbative QCD approach for smaller
to calculate the form factors. The turning point where we require the form
factors derived in the two approaches to be connected, is chosen near
. It is noted that the kinematic parameter which is
usually adopted in the perturbative QCD approach, is in fact exactly the same
as the recoil factor used in HQET where , are the
four velocities of and respectively. We find that the
final result is not much sensitive to the choice, so that it is relatively
reliable. Moreover, we apply a proper numerical program within a small range
around to make the connection sufficiently smooth and we
parameterize the form factor by fitting the curve gained in the hybrid scheme.
The expression and involved parameters can be compared with the ones gained by
fitting the experimental data. In this scheme the end-point singularities do
not appear at all. The calculated value is satisfactorily consistent with the
data which is recently measured by the DELPHI collaboration within two standard
deviations.Comment: 16 pages, including 4 figures, revtex
Is the late near-infrared bump in short-hard GRB 130603B due to the Li-Paczynski kilonova?
Short-hard gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are widely believed to be produced by the
merger of two binary compact objects, specifically by two neutron stars or by a
neutron star orbiting a black hole. According to the Li-Paczynski kilonova
model, the merger would launch sub-relativistic ejecta and a
near-infrared/optical transient would then occur, lasting up to days, which is
powered by the radioactive decay of heavy elements synthesized in the ejecta.
The detection of a late bump using the {\em Hubble Space Telescope} ({\em HST})
in the near-infrared afterglow light curve of the short-hard GRB 130603B is
indeed consistent with such a model. However, as shown in this Letter, the
limited {\em HST} near-infrared lightcurve behavior can also be interpreted as
the synchrotron radiation of the external shock driven by a wide mildly
relativistic outflow. In such a scenario, the radio emission is expected to
peak with a flux of Jy, which is detectable for current radio
arrays. Hence, the radio afterglow data can provide complementary evidence on
the nature of the bump in GRB 130603B. It is worth noting that good
spectroscopy during the bump phase in short-hard bursts can test validity of
either model above, analogous to spectroscopy of broad-lined Type Ic supernova
in long-soft GRBs.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, published in ApJ Lette
A supra-massive magnetar central engine for short GRB 130603B
We show that the peculiar early optical and in particular X-ray afterglow
emission of the short duration burst GRB 130603B can be explained by continuous
energy injection into the blastwave from a supra-massive magnetar central
engine. The observed energetics and temporal/spectral properties of the late
infrared bump (i.e., the "kilonova") are also found consistent with emission
from the ejecta launched during an NS-NS merger and powered by a magnetar
central engine. The isotropic-equivalent kinetic energies of both the GRB
blastwave and the kilonova are about erg, consistent
with being powered by a near-isotropic magnetar wind. However, this relatively
small value demands that most of the initial rotational energy of the magnetar
is carried away by gravitational wave
radiation. Our results suggest that (i) the progenitor of GRB 130603B would be
a NS-NS binary system, whose merger product would be a supra-massive neutron
star that lasted for about seconds; (ii) the equation-of-state of
nuclear matter would be stiff enough to allow survival of a long-lived
supra-massive neutron star, so that it is promising to detect bright
electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave triggers without short GRB
associations in the upcoming Advanced LIGO/Virgo era.Comment: Five pages including 1 Figure, to appear in ApJ
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