“The Typical Ghadar Outlook”: Udham Singh, Diaspora Radicalism, and Punjabi Anticolonialism in Britain (1938-1947)

Punjabis in interwar Britain, who had migrated for economic opportunity but had been politicized during successive upheavals at home, admired Ghadar’s radical solidarities with nationalist and anticolonial movements. This article focuses on peripatetic Punjabi radicals, often working as pedlars and sailors, to enhance the current understanding of the vibrant relationship between the Ghadar Party and Punjabis in Britain. This article contextualizes Udham Singh’s martyrdom by examining the uses to which his name and image were put in radical publications. Furthermore, the Indian Workers’ Association, formed in the midst of the Second World War, was integral to articulating a Ghadarite anticolonialism in Britain, which was animated by the trial and memorialization of Udham Singh. Thus, this article argues that labor migration and the global transmission of Ghadar Party publications was integral to the Ghadar movement’s influence on the struggle against imperialism in Britain in the 1930s and 1940s

A retrospective notes-based review of patients lost to follow-up from anti-retroviral therapy at Mulanje Mission Hospital, Malawi

Aim To analyse patients with HIV who were lost to follow-up from anti-retroviral therapy (ART) at Mulanje Mission Hospital (MMH), Malawi. MethodsAll patients on adult antiretroviral combinations at MMH, who were classified as lost to follow-up (LTFU) according to the national guidelines (patients missing a scheduled follow-up visit by more than two months) over a 12-month period, were included in the study and compared against a control group who had never been lost. Variables compared were gender, age, months on ART, time of year, WHO clinical stage, ART regimen, reported side effects, number of doses missed in the previous 12 months, whether the patient has been followed up in the community and if so, the length of time elapsed before follow-up. ResultsIn all, 136 patients had been LTFU over the previous 12 months at MMH. Of these, 43 had incomplete or missing ART cards, resulting in 93 LTFU patient’s data that could be analysed. Patients were more likely to get LTFU if they were men (p=0.03), who had been on anti-retroviral therapy for a short duration (p=0.06) and the proportion of patients who missed more than 4 doses in the previous 12 months was higher among LTFU patients (p=0.05). Only 34.4% of those LTFU had been traced in the community at the time of analysis. Of those traced, 27% had moved to another area, 5.5% had died, 5.5% had the wrong documentation and 62% gave no reason as to why they had missed appointments. ConclusionThis study in MMH has highlighted the importance and feasibility of comprehensive facility-level data-collection, both to identify local patient populations at risk of becoming lost to follow-up and to assess the follow-up measures in place to bring these lost to follow-up patients back into the programme. Even in the short time and with the small sample that was collected, there was evidence that patients most likely to get LTFU in MMH were young men, who had been on anti-retroviral therapy for a short duration and had missed over 4 doses in the last 12 months

Lalkar: Migrant Internationalism Among Punjabis in Twentieth Century Britain

Situated between early instances of economic migration from Punjab in the 1920s and the disintegration of the Labour Movement in the 1980s, this dissertation examines the political and social formation of Punjabis in twentieth century Britain. This project offers a discursive corrective to analyses of the British working-class that exclude or ignore the presence of thousands of nonwhite workers that came to the United Kingdom during that period and offers an assessment of the multiracial constitution of the British working-class and labour movement. As a contribution to South Asian history, this dissertation pursues a deterritorialized study of South Asian and Punjabi history -- as a history of people rather than a place. By bridging the historiographical divide of partition and independence, this project explores the significant interplay between the histories and struggles of host and home societies. These struggles were often mutually reinforcing for migrants, who, because they exist at the interstices of both societies, were mobilized by events near and far. Rather than insisting on the primary and definitive importance that one or the other place, native or host society, has on the development of ideologies, alliances, or cultures, this dissertation posits that they are historically produced, for mobile people, out of movement, interaction, and experience. Thus, this project centers on transnational connections and intergroup alliances, what I call migrant internationalism, as an essential medium through which to understand the history of South Asian migrant workers in Britain

Variation of Fundamental Couplings and Nuclear Forces

The dependence of the nuclear force on standard model parameters plays an important role in bounding time and space variations of fundamental couplings over cosmological time scales. We discuss the quark-mass dependence of deuteron and di-neutron binding in a systematic chiral expansion. The leading quark-mass dependence of the nuclear force arises from one-pion exchange and from local quark-mass dependent four-nucleon operators with coefficients that are presently unknown. By varying these coefficients while leaving nuclear observables at the physical values of the quark masses invariant, we find scenarios where two-nucleon physics depends both weakly and strongly on the quark masses. While the determination of these coefficients is an exciting future opportunity for lattice QCD, we conclude that, at present, bounds on time and space variations of fundamental parameters from the two-nucleon sector are much weaker than previously claimed. This brings into question the reliability of coupling-constant bounds derived from more complex nuclei and nuclear processes.Comment: 16 pages LaTeX, 4 eps figs, 12 ps fig

Establishing core outcome domains in pediatric kidney disease: report of the Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology—Children and Adolescents (SONG-KIDS) consensus workshops

Trials in children with chronic kidney disease do not consistently report outcomes that are critically important to patients and caregivers. This can diminish the relevance and reliability of evidence for decision making, limiting the implementation of results into practice and policy. As part of the Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology—Children and Adolescents (SONG-Kids) initiative, we convened 2 consensus workshops in San Diego, California (7 patients, 24 caregivers, 43 health professionals) and Melbourne, Australia (7 patients, 23 caregivers, 49 health professionals). This report summarizes the discussions on the identification and implementation of the SONG-Kids core outcomes set. Four themes were identified; survival and life participation are common high priority goals, capturing the whole child and family, ensuring broad relevance across the patient journey, and requiring feasible and valid measures. Stakeholders supported the inclusion of mortality, infection, life participation, and kidney function as the core outcomes domains for children with chronic kidney disease