Localization of the murine cholecystokinin A and B receptor genes

We have determined the chromosomal locations of the two cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor genes in the mouse. Genetic localization utilized an interspecific backcross panel formed from the cross (C57BL/6J x Mus spretus ) F 1 x Mus spretus . Genomic DNAs from 94 individuals in the backcross were analyzed by Southern hybridization with rat CCK A and CCK B receptor cDNA probes. Unique map positions were determined by haplotype analysis with 650 previously mapped loci in the mouse backcross. The CCK A receptor gene ( Cckar ) mapped to mouse Chromosome (Chr) 5, in tight linkage with the DNA marker D5Bir8 . The CCK B receptor gene ( Cckbr ) mapped to mouse Chr 7, tightly linked to the β-hemoglobin locus ( Hbb ). This localization places Cckbr in the same region as the mouse obesity mutation tubby ( tub ), which also maps near Hbb (2.4±1.4 cM). Since CCK can function as a satiety factor when administered to rodents, localization of Cckbr near the tub mutation identifies this receptor as a possible candidate gene for this obesity mutation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47021/1/335_2004_Article_BF00352408.pd

Evolution of properties in prolate (GaAs) n clusters

cited By 18International audienceThe structure and properties of prolate (GaAs)n clusters corresponding to the (2, 2) and (3, 3) armchair and (6, 0) zigzag capped single-wall tubes are studied using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation (DFT-GGA). The largest number of atoms is 120 in the (2, 2) and (3, 3) series and 116 in the (6, 0) series. It is found that the band gap in all three series does not converge to the GaAs bulk value when the cluster length increases. The (2, 2) species has the smallest gaps, which are nearly 2 times smaller than the GaAs bulk gap at larger n. Cohesive energies per atom are found to be nearly independent of the cluster diameter and correspond to 75-78% of the bulk cohesive energy per atom. Special attention is paid to the static electric dipole polarizability and hyperpolarizability because conventional DFT-GGA methods provide satisfactory results only for clusters composed of less than ∼40 atoms. For larger clusters, conventional DFT polarizabilities and especially hyperpolarizabilities exhibit the divergent behavior. An inclusion of long-range corrections drastically changes this behavior and brings the corrected values close to the values obtained in the MP2 computations with the same basis sets. The CAM-B3LYP method recently devised to account for the long-range corrections was tested as well. Finally, we estimated asymptotic values for the (hyper)polarizabilies per unit length. © 2010 American Chemical Society

EVALUATING RATIONAL PARTISAN BUSINESS CYCLE THEORY

This paper provides new tests of the recently developed theory of rational partisan business cycles. According to the theory, resolution of uncertainty about electoral consequences and partisan differences in economic behavior produce downturns following victories of conservative parties and booms following victories of liberal parties. The first tests utilize the behavior of financial markets to reassess the evidence for the United States. We provide evidence that the stock market does have predictive power for output and estimate an econometric relationship which is then used to gauge the extent to which the recessions are anticipated after elections. The second test uses an international sample of democracies in the postwar era to examine the theory outside the United States using time series models and political variables. The results of the tests provide little support for a strict interpretation of the theory. Copyright 1989 Blackwell Publishers Ltd..