A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of acoustic wave propagation through the non-magnetic solar atmosphere

A new three-dimensional hydrodynamics code has been developed to model the propagation of acoustically generated waves in stellar atmospheres, in particular the solar atmosphere. These waves are generated using an artificial pulsing boundary, representing the top of the convection zone. The resulting shock waves and subsequent oscillations and atmospheric heating are studied from sub-photospheric to coronal levels. The initial results from this code are presented.;The new code has been developed from a pre-existing one-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamic code, developed at Iowa State University over the last 25 years to successfully model the effects of acoustically generated waves propagating through the atmospheres of large pulsating stars. This work includes the addition of the two horizontal dimensions; these dimensions receive Eulerian treatments. The original Lagrangian treatment in the vertical direction has been maintained for increased resolution of shock wave propagation, creating a Lagrangian/Eulerian combination code. The new code further allows for a wider ranging input of stellar parameters, making it applicable to solar type stars

Fuzzy efficiency optimization of AC induction motors

This paper describes the early states of work to implement a fuzzy logic controller to optimize the efficiency of AC induction motor/adjustable speed drive (ASD) systems running at less than optimal speed and torque conditions. In this paper, the process by which the membership functions of the controller were tuned is discussed and a controller which operates on frequency as well as voltage is proposed. The membership functions for this dual-variable controller are sketched. Additional topics include an approach for fuzzy logic to motor current control which can be used with vector-controlled drives. Incorporation of a fuzzy controller as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) microchip is planned

The epidemiology of Fusarium wilt of banana

Fusarium wilt of banana (also known as Panama disease) has been a problem in Australia since 1874. Race 1 of the pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) is responsible for damage to Lady Finger (AAB, Pome subgroup) and other less widely grown cultivars such as Ducasse (Pisang Awak, ABB). Subtropical Race 4 (STR4) also affects these varieties as well as Cavendish (AAA) in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales where cold temperature predisposition is involved. Tropical Race 4 (TR4) has led to the demise of the Cavendish industry in the Northern Territory, and its presence was confirmed in a north Queensland plantation in 2015, which warranted destruction of all banana plants on the property; as of this writing (April 2019), TR4 has spread to two adjacent properties

Determining Proper Row Orientation and Seeding Population for Soybean Production

Soybean planting seed cost is the greatest expense in most growing seasons. The objective of this study was to evaluate row orientations on 40-in rows (single-row [SR] vs twin-row [TR]) and planting populations (78,400, 104,500, 130,800 and 156,800) seed/acre. In 2017 and 2018 a field study in the Mississippi Delta was designed to determine whether canopy closure was impacted by treatment and the effect on yield and plant characteristics. Mapping data showed that soybean yield was maintained at low seeding rates. Data indicated that planting population could be reduced provided the existing stand was uniform in emergence

Examining California’s Title 22 Community Care Licensing Regulations: The Impact on Inclusive Preschool Settings

Access to general education preschool in California has varied for children with disabilities. One reason for the disparity of educational placement is the preschool regulations outlined in California Department of Education’s Title 22: Community Care Licensing guidelines. These regulations, particularly in preschool, support or hinder preschool inclusion. Examining the preschool section of Title 22 through document analysis resulted in identifying three major themes that embrace or deter inclusive practices: (a) language (i.e., supportive language, antiquated language, and ambiguous language); (b) training, experience, and education; and (c) staff-student ratio. California’s educational leaders should consider these results to provide opportunities for preschool children with disabilities to be in general education environments

Description of 3 new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) in Namibia

We document morphological descriptions for 3 newly described Eimeria spp. that infect springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis). Eimeria antidorcasi n. sp. oocysts are ovoid, with average size (n 5 346) 26.2 6 18.8 (19.2–33.5 6 13.1– 26.5) mm, a length/width ratio of 1.4 (1.2–2.0), a micropyle, and a polar granule sometimes present. Sporocysts are ovoid (n 5 336), 11.3 6 7.3 (6.0–14.6 6 5.2–9.8) mm, with a length/width ratio of 1.5 (1.1–2.0), a Stieda body, a prominent, ovoid sporocyst residuum, and one refractile body per sporozoite. Eimeria versfeldi n. sp. oocysts are ellipsoid (n 5 136), 38.9 6 26.6 (27.8–48.2 6 21.2–31.0) mm, with a length/width ratio of 1.5 (1.2–2.0), a micropyle cap with submicropylar material, and 2–4 polar granules. Sporocysts are elongate-ovoid (n 5 132), 18.3 6 9.2 (13.2–22.8 6 6.8– 11.2) mm, with a length/width ratio of 2.0 (1.3–2.5), a Stieda body, a small sporocyst residuum present, and an evident nucleus and two refractile bodies per sporozoite. Eimeria gasawayi n. sp. oocysts are subspheroid (n 5 87), 14.8 6 13.6 (11.5–20.0 6 11.1–18.2) mm, with a length/width ratio of 1.1 (1.0–1.2), and no micropyle. Sporocysts are elongate-ovoid (n 5 82), 9.0 6 4.6 (5.5–12.5 6 3.6–6.4) mm, with a length/width ratio of 2.0 (1.3–2.4), a small Stieda body, and an irregularly shaped sporocyst residuum present. These are the first Eimeria spp. described from springbok.This research was conducted as part of a Ph.D. dissertation at the University of California, Berkeley.A Fulbright fellowship, Andrew and Mary Thompson Rocca Scholarships, the Professor Earl Storie Memorial Scholarship, the G. Fitzgarrald Martin Scholarship, and a grant from the Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management to W.C.T., and National Institutes of Health grant GM83863 to W.M.G.http://www.bioone.org/loi/copaam2016Veterinary Tropical Disease

Mesorhizobium septentrionale sp nov and Mesorhizobium temperatum sp nov., isolated from Astragalus adsurgens growing in the northern regions of China

Ninety-five rhizobial strains isolated from Astragalus adsurgens growing in the northern regions of China were classified into three main groups, candidate species 1, 11 and 111, based on a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences of representative strains showed that candidate species I and 11 were Mesorhizobium, while candidate species 111, which consisted of non-nodulating strains, was closely related to Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The phylogenetic relationships of the three candidate species and some related strains were also confirmed by the sequencing of glnA genes, which were used as an alternative chromosomal marker. The DNA-DNA relatedness was between 11.3 and 47-1 % among representative strains of candidate species I and 11 and the type strains of defined Mesorhizobium species. Candidate III had DNA relatedness of between 4(.)3 and 25(.)2 % with type strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rubi. Two novel species are proposed to accommodate candidate species I and 11, Mesorhizobium septentrionale sp. nov. (type strain, SIDW014(T) =CCBAU 11014(T) = HAMBI 2582(T)) and Mesorhizobium temperatum sp. nov. (type strain, SIDW018(T) = CCBAU 11018(T) =HAMBI 2583(T)), respectively. At least two distinct nodA sequences were identified among the strains. The numerically dominant nodA sequence type was most similar to that from the Mesorhizobium tianshanense type strain and was identified in strains belonging to the two novel species as well as other, as yet, undefined genome types. Host range studies indicate that the different nodA sequences correlate with different host ranges. Further comparative studies with the defined Agrobacterium species are needed to clarify the taxonomic identity of candidate species 111

Cosmological Imprint of an Energy Component with General Equation of State

We examine the possibility that a significant component of the energy density of the universe has an equation-of-state different from that of matter, radiation or cosmological constant ($\Lambda$). An example is a cosmic scalar field evolving in a potential, but our treatment is more general. Including this component alters cosmic evolution in a way that fits current observations well. Unlike $\Lambda$, it evolves dynamically and develops fluctuations, leaving a distinctive imprint on the microwave background anisotropy and mass power spectrum.Comment: revised version, with added references, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (4 pages Latex, 2 postscript figures