Cornell product relates to albuminuria in hypertensive black adults independently of blood pressure: the SABPA study

Evidence of the relationship between left ventricular hypertrophy and urinary albumin excretion is contradictory and limited in black adults in whom hypertensive heart disease is common. We aimed to investigate the relationship between subclinical left ventricular hypertrophy and albuminuria in non diabetic hypertensive blacks. Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) was determined from 8 hour overnight urine collection. We recorded ambulatory blood pressure and 12 lead electrocardiogram "during a typical working day. Cornell product (P ¼ .002), UACR (P ¼ .042), 24 hour systolic pressure (P < .0001), and 24 hour pulse pressure (P < .0001) were higher in the hypertensive group. Cornell product was associated with UACR in single (r ¼ 0.25; P ¼ .012), partial (P trend ¼ .002), and multiple regression (b ¼ 0.326; P ¼ .0005) analyses in the hypertensive group only, even below the threshold for microalbuminuria and independent of 24 hour systolic pressure. Urinary albumin excretion is associated with subclinical left ventricular hypertrophy in non diabetic hypertensive blacks and may be a useful marker of early cardiovascular disease in blacks. J Am Soc Hypertens 2015;9(2):115 122. 2015 American Society of Hypertension

Conformational studies of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides: complementarity of NMR, X-ray crystallography, and molecular modelling

The combination of experimental and theoretical techniques gives considerable insight into oligosaccharide conformation. Through this, it became relatively straightforward to characterize the conformational properties of individual glycosidic linkages. Different types of linkages show different types of conformational behavior, one or more conformers, and different degrees of flexibility. A single type of linkage can show different behavior in different environments, the conformational freedom being further reduced by the surrounding residues