Research Progress on the Epidemiological Characteristics and Treatment of BP-Induced Melioidosis in China

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacterium that is positive for oxidase and enzyme, does not form spores and does not have metachromatic particles. It is the pathogen of human anthrax. Burkholderia melioides is easy to cultivate and has strong antimicrobial resistance. Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or capsular polysaccharide subunit vaccine can play a part of immune protection in mouse models, there is no effective vaccine for melioidosis. Melioidosis is a kind of zoonosis caused by Burkholderia melioides infection. In China, it is mainly prevalent in the southern region, with the focus of Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, etc. The main routes of infection include inhalation subcutaneous inoculation and skin damage infection, which are usually found in sewage, soil and paddy fields, and often caused by agricultural contact. It is estimated that there are about 165000 cases of people infected with melioidosis and 89000 deaths every year in the world, of which the incidence rate in South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific is 44%, 40%, and the mortality is 47% and 35% respectively [1]. Its lesions can involve all organs of the body, which is easy to cause high misdiagnosis rate and case fatality rate. As an endemic infectious disease, melioidosis has the characteristics of wide distribution, difficult diagnosis, strong latency, strong pathogenicity, and difficult treatment. Therefore, this article aims to improve the attention of Chinese medical workers to melioidosis, and makes a detailed review from the five aspects of pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prevention and control measures of melioidosis. To understand the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with blood flow infection of paragangrene, and provide data support for the prevention and control of blood flow infection of paragangrene

Monotone methods for a discrete boundary problem

AbstractThis paper is motivated by recent interests in space discrete Nagumo equations and is concerned with the existence of solutions of a nonlinear discrete boundary value problem. Monotone methods are used to derive the existence theorems. These methods, as is well known, provide constructive schemes for calculating the solutions

Grey matter volume and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations predicts consumer ethnocentrism tendency

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71872097) awarded to Xiaoang Wan. Comments concerning this article should be sent to Prof. Xiaoang Wan at [email protected] or Dr. Jie Sui at [email protected]. CRediT authorship contribution statement Jianping Huang: Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Xiaoang Wan: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition. Kaiping Peng: Conceptualization, Supervision. Jie Sui: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision.Peer reviewedPostprin

Effects of zero and reversed magnetic shear on resistive wall modes in a limiter tokamak plasma

Advanced tokamak scenarios often feature equilibriums with zero and reversed magnetic shear. To isolate and investigate their impacts on the resistive wall mode (RWM) instability analytically, we construct a series of cylindrical limiter equilibriums with reversed magnetic shear in the core and zero magnetic shear towards plasma edge, as a prototype of the configurations in advanced tokamak scenarios. Uniform plasma pressure is assumed, so that we can focus our analysis on the current-driven RWMs. Based on the reduced ideal MHD equations, analytical solutions for the $n=1$ resistive wall mode are obtained, which indicate that increasing the reversal of magnetic shear in the core region enhances the RWM instability, whereas the widened region of zero shear near edge leads to lower growth rate of RWM, except when the $q$ value with zero magnetic shear approaches rational values. On the other hand, enhanced positive shear at plasma edge is found to be stabilizing on RWM. NIMROD calculation results confirm these analytical findings

Functional and structural basis of the color-flavor incongruency effect in visual search

We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study and a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study to investigate the functional and structural basis of how visual search for flavor labels in packaging is influenced by the color of the packaging. The participants were cued by a flavor word before searching for a package with this flavor label. The behavioral results of both studies revealed that the participants were slower to find the target when its color was incongruent with the flavor label in terms of color-flavor associations than when it was congruent with the flavor label, which is indicative of a color-flavor incongruency effect in the reaction times. The fMRI results revealed that this behavioral effect was associated with enhanced activation in the right putamen. The VBM results further revealed a significant positive correlation between the magnitude of the behavioral effect and volume of gray matter in the right putamen. Taken together, these findings suggest that the color-flavor incongruency effect may be attributed to the violation of color expectation in the incongruent condition and that the putamen may be one of the important areas for processing events in violation of expectation.</p

Weak flameの低温酸化反応における壁面の化学的効果

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 鈴木 雄二, 東京大学教授 丸山 茂夫, 東京大学教授 高木 周, 東京大学教授 津江 光洋, 東京大学教授 塩見 淳一郎, 東京大学教授 丸田 薫University of Tokyo(東京大学

Spatially and Temporally Resolved Measurements of NO Adsorption/Desorption over NOx‐Storage Catalyst

The two‐dimensional (2D) temporal evolution of the NO‐concentration over a NOx‐storage catalyst is investigated in situ with planar laser‐induced fluorescence (PLIF) in an optically accessible parallel wall channel reactor. Signal accumulated phase‐correlated 2D‐recordings of repetitive adsorption/desorption cycles are obtained by synchronizing the switching of the NO gas flow (on/off) with the laser and detection system, thereby significantly increasing the signal‐to‐noise ratio. The gas compositions at the reactor outlet are additionally monitored by ex‐situ analytics. The impacts of varying feed concentration, temperature and flow velocities are investigated in an unsteady state. Transient kinetics and the mass transfer limitations can be interpreted in terms of the NO concentration gradient changes. The technique presented here is a very useful tool to investigate the interaction between surface kinetics and the surrounding gas flow, especially for transient catalytic processes