BAYESIAN PREDICTION METHOD FOR SHADOW DETECTION AND RECONSTRUCTION IN HSR IMAGES USING MORPHOLOGICAL FILTER

Several approaches are exists today according to color, intensity and saturation value etc that are very less accurate. Within this paper, we advise alternative shadow recognition formula according to thresholding and morphological filtering, along with an alternate shadow renovation formula in line with the example learning method and Markov random field (MRF). The primary purpose of this project is recognition and renovation of shadows from VHSR images. Removing or alleviating the instants while using shadows in HSR images for more processing is an extremely important task because the shadows are induce to loss or miss conjecture of radiometric information and induce to image interpretation. Throughout the shadow recognition procedure, the bimodal distributions of pixel values within the near-infrared (NIR) band and also the panchromatic band are adopted for thresholding. Throughout the shadow renovation procedure, we model the connection between non shadow and also the corresponding shadow pixels and between neighboring no shadow pixels by using MRF. With extension for this paper we advise Bayesian conjecture way of accurate conjecture of shadow. Within this paper for accurate shadow recognition we combine thresholding and morphological filtering concepts. This shadow recognition includes Thresholding, Morphological filtering and edge compensation stages

Microencapsulation of pomegranate seed oil using a succinylated taro starch: Characterization and bioaccessibility study

Pomegranate and taro are domesticated and underutilized crops in Mexico. Particularly, pomegranate seed oil (PSO), which exhibits health benefits, is scarcely exploited in the food industry due to oxidative degradation. This work evaluates the microencapsulation of pomegranate seed oil by spray drying using succinylated taro starch (STS) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), as an alternative strategy to protect and deliver PSO. A Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied and the treatment with the highest PSO encapsulation efficiency (61.09 ± 0.41%) was selected. PSO-loaded microparticles obtained with 15% feed solids using 190 ◦C inlet air temperature, showed low aw (0.08 ± 0.01), moisture (1.26 ± 0.05%), hygroscopicity (11.69 ± 0.57%), and water solubility (9.81 ± 0.24%). The microencapsulation improved PSO oxidative stability. The in vitro bioaccessibility study and the kinetic analysis, on the other hand, evidenced that microparticles of succinylated taro starch obtained by spray drying are suitable as carriers for active compounds to be released at the small intestine following a swellingcontrolled release mechanis

In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and simulated colonic fermentation of pistachio nuts determine bioaccesibility and biosynthesis of chronobiotics

Chronodisruption leads to obesity and other metabolic disorders that can be alleviated by food-derived potential chronobiotics, such as phytomelatonin (PMT), phenolic compounds (PCs) and dietary fiber rich pistachios. Pistachios with (PN + SC) or without (PN) the seed coat were investigated for their in vitro chronobiotic potential since they are one of the main reported PMT sources. Consequently we evaluated the bioaccessibility, permeability, and biosynthesis of pistachio chronobiotics, particularly PMT, during gastrointestinal and colonic fermentation. The maximum in vitro bioaccessibility and apparent permeability (efflux-prone) of PCs, flavonoids and PMT were sample-specific [∼1.3% (both), 27 and 3.4% (PN + SC)], but additional amounts (flavonoids > PCs > PMT) were released under simulated colonic conditions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs; 38 mM; >50% butyrate, PN + SC > PN) and some metabolites (e.g., indole, benzaldehyde, phenolic acids, and aliphatic/aromatic hydrocarbons) were detected depending on the sample. The predominant pistachio butyrate production during in vitro colonic fermentation can improve chronodisruption and benefit obese individuals. Pistachio’s digestion increases the bioaccessibility and intestinal permeability of potential chronobiotics (PMT and PCs) and the biosynthesis of colonic metabolites (SCFAs, among others) also with chronobiotic potential

Auto-reporte de enfermedades y patrón alimentario de adultos ≥ 50 años sedentarios vs. Físicamente activos

Se investiga la relación entre el nivel de actividad física (NAF) con el patrón alimentario y autorreporte de enfermedades en adultos ≥ 50 años del norte de México. Se les registraron presión sanguínea, dimensiones antropométricas, NAF (MET-min/semana), hábitos alimentarios y autorreporte de enfermedades a 200 participantes (50-80 años; 52% mujeres). Los resultados muestran que 25% es sedentario, 42% es activo moderadamente y 34% es muy activo. Los sedentarios presentaron mayor peso (+9 kg), circunferencia de cintura (+8.1 cm), número (+2) y variedad (10-23) de enfermedades que la de grupos activos (p < 0.05); el consumo de alimentos densamente energéticos fue menor en personas muy activas ( f ≥ 0.27). Las conclusiones muestran que un NAF ≤ 1 137 MET-min/ semana (bajo-moderado) aumenta el riesgo de enfermedades en personas adultas (r = -0.15 a -0.33)

In vitro digestibility and release of a mango peel extract encapsulated within water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) emulsions containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose

Mango peel is a rich source of phenolic compounds (PC), which can be used in food fortification. The use of water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) emulsions represents a potential strategy to encapsulate, protect and incorporate PC from mango peel into food products. Moreover, even though non-digestible biopolymers are usually incorporated into emulsions to enhance stability, little is known about the effect on the digestibility and release of PC. In this study, a mango peel extract (MPE) was encapsulated using W1/O/W2 emulsions containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; 0, 0.5, 1.0% w/w) in W2, and their colloidal stability, lipid digestibility kinetics (free fatty acid release), and release (in terms of antioxidant activity) under in vitro digestion conditions were evaluated. The presence of CMC in emulsions caused flocculation of droplets, which remained unchanged during the gastric phase, suggesting that bridging flocculation occurred. Moreover, a slower lipid digestion rate was observed in emulsions containing CMC, with k-values ranging between 0.21 and 0.25 min−1, compared to emulsions without CMC (around 0.14 min−1). However, although CMC may slow down the lipolysis reaction during the first 40 min due to physical or steric hindrance, at the end of the intestinal phase, emulsions with or without CMC had a similar final FFA release. Moreover, MPE release was triggered under gastric conditions, probably by osmotic imbalance, showing a constant antioxidant activity value during the intestinal phase only in emulsions containing CMC. This study provides relevant insights to design double emulsions as delivery systems of water-soluble bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, such as P

Th17 immune response in inflammatory bowel disease: Future roles and opportunities for lactic acid bacteria and bioactive compounds released in fermented milk

Background: Evidence have shown that Th1- and Th17-related cytokines are often elevated in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Hence, targeting Th17 cells or their effector cytokines represents an attractive alternative for treatment IBD. In this context, recent evidence have indicated that fermented dairy products, with specific lactic acid bacteria, selectively targeting the Th17 lineage, suggesting their effectiveness in preventing and treating IBD. Scope and approach: This review aims to present an overview of the available information on the role of Th17 in inflammatory bowel diseases, and on the potential of fermented milk in the prevention and management of IBD, by modulating this response. Key findings and conclusions: Recent evidence has shown that fermented milks may contain specific bacteria and/ or bioactive compounds (e.g., peptides, exopolysaccharide, free amino acids, organic acid and vitamins) released during fermentation, capable to downregulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines related to Th17 cells, including IL-17, IL-10, IFN, IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-β, by modulating TLR signaling and differentiation of native Th cells into Th1, Th2 or Th17 effector cells. Hence, such fermented milks represent a promising alternative for the treatment of IBD. However, further studies are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of bacteria and bioactive components responsible of such anti-inflammatory effects

Chemically induced common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sprouts ameliorate dyslipidemia by lipid intestinal absorption inhibition

Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are recommended as hypolipidemic adjuvants due to their high content of phytochemicals, which can be enhanced by germination and elicitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of non-elicited [control (CS)] and chemically elicited [30 mM H2O2, 7 μM chitosan (CH), and 1 and 2 mM salicylic acid (SA)] bean sprouts. Rats were fed with a high fat and fructose diet (HFF) and supplemented with bean sprouts (10%) for twelve weeks. Control- and elicited-common bean sprouts significantly (p < 0.05) decreased serum triacylglycerides (TAG). Sprouts elicited with 1 and 2 mM SA increased fecal TAG excretion, which was related to the inhibition of pancreatic lipase enzyme activity. Hesperidin and soysaponin-I were identified as the main hypotriglyceridemic phytochemicals of bean sprouts according to the chemometric and in silico analyses. Therefore, the hypotriglyceridemic effect of SA-elicited bean sprouts was associated with decreased TAG intestinal absorptio