4 research outputs found
Current perspectives on bisphosphonate treatment in Paget’s disease of bone
Winnie Zee Man Wat Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong Abstract: Paget’s disease of bone is a chronic metabolic bone disease with focal increase in bone turnover. The exact etiology of the disease is uncertain, although genetic and environmental factors are believed to be important. Bisphosphonate is the main class of medication being used to control disease activity via its antiresorptive effect. This review discusses the controversies concerning the use of bisphosphonates in the treatment of Paget’s disease of bone, the efficacy of different bisphosphonates in controlling disease activity, and the possible rare side effects of bisphosphonates. Symptoms are the main indication for treatment in Paget’s disease of bone. As treatment benefits in asymptomatic individuals remain controversial and nonevidence based, the decision to treat these patients should be individualized to their risk and benefit profiles. There are several trials conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different regimes of bisphosphonates for treating Paget’s disease of bone. Most trials used biochemical markers rather than clinical symptoms or outcomes as parameters for comparison. Zoledronate is an attractive option as it can achieve high rates of biochemical remission and sustain long duration of suppression by a single dose. Atypical femoral fracture and osteonecrosis of the jaw are two rare and severe side effects reported, possibly related to the use of bisphosphonates in patients with osteoporosis and malignancy-induced hypercalcemia. As the regimes of bisphosphonates used for treating Paget’s disease of bone are different from those two diseases, the risks of developing these two possible side effects are expected to be very low, although this remains unknown. Vitamin D and calcium supplement should be given to patients at risk of vitamin D insufficiency when given zoledronate, as symptomatic hypocalcemia may develop. For those intolerant of bisphosphonates, subcutaneous calcitonin can be used for a limited period due to its associated risk of malignancy. Keywords: osteitis deformans, antiresorptive, alkaline phosphatas
Prevalence and impact of vitamin D insufficiency in Southern Chinese adults
Introduction: Vitamin D is a vital element for bone health but the problem of vitamin D deficiency is underestimated in Hong Kong. Methods: Serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were evaluated in 382 community dwelling Chinese adults >50 years for their relation with bone mineral density (BMD) and risks of osteoporotic fractures and falls. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 69 Β± 9 years. The mean 25(OH)D level was 28.3 Β± 10.8 ng/ml with 62.8% of the subjects having levels <30 ng/ml. 6.3% of the subjects had elevated PTH levels. A curvilinear relation between serum PTH and 25(OH)D was found, with PTH starting to increase when 25(OH)D level fell below 30 ng/ml (r = -0.233, p < 0.05). Although subjects with vitamin D <30 ng/ml had significantly lower BMD, only sex, age and PTH but not 25(OH)D were predictors of BMD at the spine and hip. Subjects with elevated PTH levels had a 2.92-fold increased risk of falls and 2.94-fold increased risk of fractures at the hip and spine. Conclusions: Vitamin D insufficiency and its complication of secondary hyperparathyroidism is common even in subtropical region and is an important risk factor for low bone mass, falls and fractures. Copyright Β© 2007 S. Karger AG.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Global vitamin D status and determinants of hypovitaminosis D
The aim of the study was to compare the structural and functional parameters of the myocardium in different genotypes of polymorphic markers BsmI (B/b) (rs1544410) and FokI (F/f) (rs2228570) of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) in individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Materials and Methods. We examined 198 patients with CVD. BsmI and FokI of the VDR gene were determined by the polymerase chain reaction. The blood levels of parathyroid hormone, 25(OH)D total, endothelin-1, plasma renin activity were revealed by the method of enzyme immunoassay. The calcium and phosphorus level in the blood was defined by the colorimetric method. Echocardiography was performed by GE Logic P5 Premium (Korea) with a phased sector sensor with a frequency of 2β4 MHz in the modes M-, B-, PW, CW. Results. All participants were divided into groups according to genotypes of FokI and BsmI of the VDR gene. For each polymorphism, the groups were comparable in age, CVD, blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index and levels of the estimated biomarkers. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the sizes of the aorta and the left atrium (LA), in the sizes and volumes of the left ventricle (LV) and its walls, the diameter of the LV outlet tract and the ejection fraction between the groups with the genotypes of FF and ff were established. In addition, differences (p < 0.05) were found in the aorta size, LA and interventricular septum between the groups with the genotypes of ff and Ff. According to the genotypes of BsmI of the VDR gene, the groups did not differ significantly in the estimated structural and functional parameters of the myocardium and aorta. Hypertrophy of the LV is diagnosed in 78.6 % of participants. Conclusions. Polymorphism of FokI, but not of BsmI of the VDR gene is associated with structural and functional parameters of the myocardium and aorta in individuals with CVD in the Grodno region of Belarus. With the greatest frequency, LV hypertrophy occurs with Ff (37.9 %) and Bb (33.8 %).Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² BsmI (B/b) (rs1544410) ΠΈ FokI (F/f) (rs2228570) Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° D (VDR) Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ (Π‘Π‘Π). ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 198 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π‘Π‘Π. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ BsmI ΠΈ FokI Π³Π΅Π½Π° VDR ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°, 25(OH)D ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°-1, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ- ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡ
ΠΎ- ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ GE Logic P5 Premium (ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ) ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ 2β4 ΠΌΠΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π-, Π-, PW, CW. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ FokI ΠΈ BsmI Π³Π΅Π½Π° VDR. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π‘Π‘Π, Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ (p < 0,05) ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ (ΠΠ), ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° (ΠΠ) ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ, Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ FF ΠΈ ff. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ (p < 0,05) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ff ΠΈ Ff. ΠΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ BsmI Π³Π΅Π½Π° VDR Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ 78,6 % ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ FokI, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ BsmI Π³Π΅Π½Π° VDR Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ Ρ Π‘Π‘Π Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠΈ. Π‘ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Ff (37,9 %) ΠΈ Bb (33,8 %) Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
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