AgNb7O18 : an ergodic relaxor ferroelectric

AgNb7O18 is an ergodic relaxor ferroelectric at room temperature with an incipient transition to the nonergodic state. Electron diffraction confirms a locally polar symmetry, while X-ray diffraction perceives a nonpolar structure. All ions are repelled away from zones where NbO6 octahedra are edge-sharing

Growth is Failing the Poor: The Unbalanced Distribution of the Benefits and Costs of Global Economic Growth

During 1990-2001, only 0.6 per cent of additional global income per capita contributed to reducing poverty below the $1-a-day line, down from 2.2 per cent during 1981-1990, and barely half the poor’s share of global income. Coupled with the constraints on global growth associated with climate change, and the disproportionately adverse net impact of climate change on the poor, this casts serious doubt on the dominant view that global growth should be the primary means of poverty reduction. Rather than growth, policies and the global economic system should focus directly on achieving social and environmental objectives.Economic growth, income distribution, world inequality, poverty, environment, climate change

British fair play: sport across diasporas at the BBC World Service

This chapter uses archive material to explore the role of sports broadcasting on the BBC World Service in the twentieth century.Whereas the service's early audiences were expatriate British listeners, the BBC WS recruited different diasporic audiences later into the twentieth century.This chapter looks at specific sports and at the accommodations of the tensions between the WS's links with both Empire and with discourses of impartiaility, which have led to both endurances in the postcolonialist aspects of sport as well as new opportunities for reconfigurations of diaspora

Ferroelectricity in the xAg2Nb4O11–(1−x)Na2Nb4O11 solid solution

Compositions in the (AgxNa1-x)2Nb4O11 solid solution have been prepared by a conventional solid state method. Composites containing Ag2Nb4O11 have been shown to be ferroelectric and the Curie temperature shown to decrease from 149 °C at x = 1 to 62 °C at x = 0.7. Roomtemperature compositions with x ≤ 0.7 are monoclinic, while those with x ≥ 0.8 are rhombohedral with structures consistent with the relevant end-members. At x = 0.75, the structure was mainly rhombohedral but with coexistence of the monoclinic structure, indicating the proximity of a phase boundary

Electron diffraction of tilted perovskites

Simulations of electron diffraction patterns for each of the known perovskite tilt systems have been performed. The conditions for the appearance of superlattice reflections arising from rotations of the octahedra are modified to take into account the effects of different tilt systems for kinematical diffraction. The use of selected-area electron diffraction as a tool for perovskite structure determination is reviewed and examples are included

The A to Z of Management of Behaviour within Physical Education

The behaviour of students in physical education (PE) lessons has the potential to have the largest impact on pupil progress. It is also one of the major concerns that trainee teachers have when commencing their initial teacher training (ITT) year (Carter, 2015). Without appropriate management of behaviour strategies, everything else that deserves and demands a focus is simply disregarde

The Formation of Gender Perspectives Among Nursery Class Children

Although there is ample evidence that awareness of gender is well established among older schoolchildren, there is less certainty about younger children. This study is intended to address this deficiency, principally by participant observation of young children in one primary school. The study, which employed a type of action research, involved working with four nursery staff members, and a total of seventy-eight children (aged three to five) for the equivalent of one day a week, over a period of ten months. The principal aim of the investigation was to enquire into the elements affecting the development of children’s gender-stereotyped perspectives. This entailed noting both the verbal and non-verbal behaviour of the children and the influence of external factors, including the media, home background and peers. The study endeavoured to investigate and elucidate gender attitudes, from the children’s point of view, while observing their interactions from their own standpoints. Additionally, conversations with parents provided other relevant information. The researcher and the nursery staff employed a range of strategies, especially adult-child discussions, initially to elicit, and later to endeavour to change, the attitudes of the children. Not all the interventions succeeded, but some did seem to have an effect, with both boys and girls exhibiting some sympathy with the attitudes displayed by the other sex. The study indicates that collaborative procedures can result in children achieving improved scholastic attainment, and self-assurance, while giving staff a better understanding of the children’s own perspectives

Trial by Friendship: Anglo-American Relations, 1917-1918

During the crucial period of 1917-1918, the United States superseded Great Britain as the premier power in the world. The differing strategic perspectives of London and Washington were central to the tensions and misunderstandings that separated the two dominant powers in 1918 and determined how these two countries would interact following the Armistice. David R. Woodward traces the projection of American military power to western Europe and analyzes in depth the strategic goals of the American political and military leadership in this first comprehensive study of Anglo-American relations in the land war in Europe. Based on extensive research in British and American archives, the study focuses on Woodrow Wilson and David Lloyd George, whose relationship was poisoned by the mutual suspicion and hostility generated by their disagreements over strategy and military policy. President Wilson sought to use his country\u27s military effort in western Europe as a tool to gain acceptance for his new diplomacy. The British, anxious over the Turko-German threat to Asia and their worsening manpower situation, sought to utilize American military intervention for their own political/military purposes. Woodward\u27s use of unpublished sources provides new perspectives on war leadership, and his analysis of the British-American interaction serves as a case study of the inevitable tension between national self-interest and efforts at collective security, even among nations that share many cultural and political values. For historians and anyone interested in military history and World War I, Trial by Friendship fills a gap in the study of Anglo-American relations by providing a strong, well- written study on an area of American history that has received scant attention from scholars. David R. Woodward is professor of history at Marshall University. Woodward does an excellent job of analyzing the conflicting strategic goals of Washington and London. Strongly recommended. —Camaraderie A sane, sober, and sensible account...required reading. —Canadian Journal of History A skillfull blending of the political, diplomatic, military, and strategic issues that both unified and divided the allies. —Choice Woodward provides the clearest picture yet of the international problems and strategic implications of creating a United States army in Europe. —Journal of American History Woodward\u27s mastery of the subject is revealed on every page as is his balanced and thorough scholarship. The book supercedes all previous works and provides a firm foundation for future inquiries. —Journal of Military History A new, insightful study on war leadership. Highly recommended. —Library Journal An engrossing book...solid, lucid, and enjoyable. —International History Review An important contribution to the historical literature on World War I. Woodward\u27s analysis is original. —American Historical Reviewhttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_military_history/1018/thumbnail.jp