Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Myocardial Infarction. Angiographic Findings and Results of an Invasive Therapeutic Approach in Type 2 Diabetic Versus Nondiabetic Patients

WSTĘP. Śmiertelność wśród chorych na cukrzycę w trakcie zawału serca jest wysoka. Nie ma jednoznacznych danych na temat znaczenia zaawansowania choroby wieńcowej u chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 oraz wpływu zastosowania mechanicznej rewaskularyzacji techniką przezskórnej angioplastyki wieńcowej (PTCA &#8212; percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) na wyniki leczenia chorych z zawałem serca. MATERIAŁ I METODY. Wszyscy chorzy na cukrzycę typu 2 z ostrym zawałem serca (n = 54) zostali prospektywnie włączeni do badania polegającego na natychmiastowym wykonaniu koronarografii i dalszej kwalifikacji do udrożnienia zamkniętegogrupy naczynia metodą PTCA. Oceniano wynik leczenia szpitalnego oraz wynik odległy w porównaniu z losowo wybraną grupą chorych bez cukrzycy (n = 358) włączonych do tego samego badania. WYNIKI. Na podstawie badań angiograficznych wykazano, że miejsca zamknięcia naczyń wieńcowych w obu grupach były podobne. Zmiany wielonaczyniowe i wstrząs kardiogenny występowały częściej w grupie chorych na cukrzycę: 69% vs 51% i 21 vs 10% (p < 0,02). Bezpośredni wynik PTCA w obu grupach był dobry u 90% chorych. Śmiertelność po 30 dniach wyniosła 13% w grupie chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 i 5% wśród chorych bez cukrzycy (p < 0,04). Frakcja wyrzutowa lewej komory w grupie chorych na cukrzycę przed wypisaniem ze szpitala wyniosła 48 &plusmn; 17% vs 55 &plusmn; 15% (p < 0,05). Śmiertelność rok po wypisie wyniosła 11% vs 4%, odpowiednio w grupach z cukrzycą i bez cukrzycy (p < 0,02). Analiza wieloczynnikowa wykazała, że cukrzyca typu 2 jest niezależnym czynnikiem ryzyka śmiertelności wczesnej, ale nie późnej. WNIOSKI. Bezpośrednio wykonywane PTCA jest bezpiecznym i skutecznym postępowaniem u chorych z cukrzycą typu 2 i ostrym zawałem serca. Śmiertelność po 30 dniach w grupie niewyselekcjonowanych chorych na cukrzycę w tym badaniu wyniosła < 15%. Bardziej zaawansowana miażdżyca tętnic wieńcowych oraz wstrząs kardiogenny są odpowiedzialne za większą śmiertelność w przebiegu ostrego zawału serca u chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 w porównaniu z osobami bez cukrzycy.OBJECTIVE. Mortality in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is high. The significance of the pretreatment coronary status in type 2 diabetic patients with acute MI, as well as the effect of mechanical revascularization using percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), has not been established. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS. All patients with type 2 diabetes and acute MI (n = 54) were prospectively enrolled into a study of immediate coronary angiography to guide PTCA of the occluded infarct vessel. Hospital and long-term course were assessed and compared with an unselected control group of nondiabetic patients (n = 358) who were enrolled in the same study. RESULTS. Angiography showed that sites of occlusion and acute coronary flow were similar in both groups. Multivessel disease and shock were more common in type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic patients: 69 vs. 51% and 21 vs. 10% (P< 0.02), respectively. Direct PTCA was successful in >90% in both groups. Mortality after 30 days was 13% in type 2 diabetic patients versus 5% in patients without diabetes (P< 0.04). Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction before discharge was lower in diabetic patients (48 &#177; 17 vs. 55 &#177; 15%, P< 0.05). Mortality 1 year after discharge was 11 vs. 4% in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients (P< 0.02). Multivariate analysis identified type 2 diabetes as an independent risk factor for acute, but not for late, mortality. CONCLUSIONS. Direct PTCA is safe and effective in type 2 diabetic patients with acute MI. Mortality after 30 days in unselected diabetic patients i

Organizational Mortality of Small Firms: The Effects of Entrepreneurial Age and Human Capital

This paper addresses the issue of internal determination of organizational outcomes. It is argued that in small and simply structured organizations a considerable proportion of the variance in organizational activities and outcomes is associated with individuals. In particular, the paper uses human capital theory to derive hypotheses about individual determinants of organizational mortality. These hypotheses are tested with event-history data of firm registrations and de-registrations in a West German region. The hypotheses are corroborated by the data, but the effects may nonetheless be due to processes linking individual characteristics with organizational performance other than those suggested by the human capital approach

Development of a GEM-TPC prototype

The use of GEM foils for the amplification stage of a TPC instead of a con- ventional MWPC allows one to bypass the necessity of gating, as the backdrift is suppressed thanks to the asymmetric field configuration. This way, a novel continuously running TPC, which represents one option for the PANDA central tracker, can be realized. A medium sized prototype with a diameter of 300 mm and a length of 600 mm will be tested inside the FOPI spectrometer at GSI using a carbon or lithium beam at intermediate energies (E = 1-3AGeV). This detector test under realistic experimental conditions should allow us to verify the spatial resolution for single tracks and the reconstruction capability for displaced vertexes. A series of physics measurement implying pion beams is scheduled with the FOPI spectrometer together with the GEM-TPC as well.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings for 11th ICATTP conference in como (italy

Prognostic Impact of Bcl-2 Depends on Tumor Histology and Expression of MALAT-1 lncRNA in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

IntroductionApoptosis is a crucial pathway in tumor growth and metastatic development. Apoptotic proteins regulate the underlying molecular cascades and are thought to modulate the tumor response to chemotherapy and radiation. However, the prognostic value of the expression of apoptosis regulators in localized non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear.MethodsWe investigated the protein expression of apoptosis regulators Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Mcl-1, and pp32/PHAPI, and the expression of the lncRNA MALAT-1 in tumor samples from 383 NSCLC patients (median age: 65.6 years; 77.5% male; paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays). For statistical analysis correlation tests, Log rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models were applied.ResultsTumor histology was significantly associated with the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 (all p < 0.001). Among the tested apoptotic markers only Bcl-2 demonstrated prognostic impact (hazard ratio = 0.64, p = 0.012). For NSCLC patients with non-adenocarcinoma histology, Bcl-2 expression was associated with increased overall survival (p = 0.036). Besides tumor histology, prognostic impact of Bcl-2 was also found to depend on MALAT-1 lncRNA expression. Gene expression analysis of A549 adenocarcinoma cells with differential MALAT-1 lncRNA expression demonstrated an influence on the expression of Bcl-2 and its interacting proteins.ConclusionsBcl-2 expression was specifically associated with superior prognosis in localized NSCLC. An interaction of Bcl-2 with MALAT-1 lncRNA expression was revealed, which merits further investigation for risk prediction in resectable NSCLC patients

Genome-wide Investigation of multifocal and unifocal prostate cancer-are they Genetically different?

Prostate cancer is widely observed to be biologically heterogeneous. Its heterogeneity is manifested histologically as multifocal prostate cancer, which is observed more frequently than unifocal prostate cancer. The clinical and prognostic significance of either focal cancer type is not fu

Remote sensing of lunar aureole with a sky camera: Adding information in the nocturnal retrieval of aerosol properties with GRASP code

The use of sky cameras for nocturnal aerosol characterization is discussed in this study. Two sky cameras are configured to take High Dynamic Range (HDR) images at Granada and Valladolid (Spain). Some properties of the cameras, like effective wavelengths, sky coordinates of each pixel and pixel sensitivity, are characterized. After that, normalized camera radiances at lunar almucantar points (up to 20° in azimuth from the Moon) are obtained at three effective wavelengths from the HDR images. These normalized radiances are compared in different case studies to simulations fed with AERONET aerosol information, giving satisfactory results. The obtained uncertainty of normalized camera radiances is around 10% at 533 nm and 608 nm and 14% for 469 nm. Normalized camera radiances and six spectral aerosol optical depth values (obtained from lunar photometry) are used as input in GRASP code (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) to retrieve aerosol properties for a dust episode over Valladolid. The retrieved aerosol properties (refractive indices, fraction of spherical particles and size distribution parameters) are in agreement with the nearest diurnal AERONET products. The calculated GRASP retrieval at night time shows an increase in coarse mode concentration along the night, while fine mode properties remained constant.This work was supported by the Andalusia Regional Government (project P12-RNM-2409) and by the “Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León” (project VA100U14).Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER funds under the projects CGL2013-45410-R, CMT2015-66742-R, CGL2016-81092-R.“Juan de la Cierva-Formación” program (FJCI-2014-22052).European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme through project ACTRIS-2 (grant agreement No 654109)

Report of the Topical Group on Top quark physics and heavy flavor production for Snowmass 2021

This report summarizes the work of the Energy Frontier Topical Group on EW Physics: Heavy flavor and top quark physics (EF03) of the 2021 Community Summer Study (Snowmass). It aims to highlight the physics potential of top-quark studies and heavy-flavor production processes (bottom and charm) at the HL-LHC and possible future hadron and lepton colliders and running scenarios