Локомоторная активность линий Drosophila melanogaster, полученных из популяций разного географического происхождения

Wild type stocks of Drosophila melanogaster obtained from populations of different geographical origin were used to study locomotor activity. Genotype, sex and both factors mentioned combined action were found to influence locomotor activity of imago of D. melanogaster wild-type stocks. Hybrid analysis has shown polygenic character of the trait inheritance. The influence of mobile genetic elements on this trait has been discussed.Изучали локомоторную активность линий дикого типа Drosophila melanogaster, полученных из популяций разного географического происхождения. Установлено влияние генотипа и пола на локомоторную активность имаго линий дикого типа D. melanogaster, а также комбинированное влияние обоих факторов на данный показатель. Гибридологический анализ локомоторной активности показал полигенный характер наследования данного признака. Обсуждается влияние мобильных генетических элементов на изученный поведенческий признак

Связь экспрессивности признака radius incompletus и жизнеспособности Drosophila melanogaster

The results of study of the expressiveness of drosophila trait incompletus and some viability features under the change of genetic background and keeping conditions of parent individuals are presented. Сhange of genetic background of mutant strain results in the trait expressiveness increase. The positive connection between the expressiveness of trait incompletus in parent individuals and viability of their offspring has been revealed. The influence of red light on maternal individuals leads to the increase of the trait manifestation and preimaginal viability of the offspring. At the impact of green light on maternal individuals viability of the offspring increases, the expressiveness of the trait increases among males and decreases among females.Изложены результаты исследования экспрессивности признака radius incompletus дрозофилы и некоторых показателей жизнеспособности при изменении генетического фона и условий содержания родительских особей. Изменение генетического фона мутантной линии приводит к повышению степени проявления признака. Обнаружена положительная связь между экспрессивностью признака radius incompletus у особей родительского поколения и жизнеспособностью их потомков. Воздействие красного света на материнские особи приводит к усилению проявления признака и повышению степени предимагинальной жизнеспособности у потомков. При воздействии зеленого света на материнские особи жизнеспособность потомков повышается, экспрессивность мутации у самцов возрастает, у самок снижается

Recurrence of borderline ovarian tumors

Aim - to increase the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of patients with recurrences of borderline ovarian tumors (BOT). 106 patients with BOT of stage I have been treated and clinically observed: the I group (82 patients, mean age - 38,9 +- 5,5 years), who were treated with standard surgical operation (panhysterectomy); the II group (24 patients, mean age - 30,3 +- 5,5 years), who underwent preserving surgery. The main method of treatment of patients with BOT is surgical. For patients of older age effective extension is panhysterectomy with the greater omentum resection. Further chemotherapy can be applied as the second stage of complex treatment in case of confounding factor of prognosis. Preserving treatment does not aggravate the indices of the survival rate among patients with BOT, which is confirmed by results of 5- and 10-years survival rate among patients after the preserving (I group) and standard surgery (II group): 87,4 and 79,2 % in the I group respectively, and 80,1 and 72,3 % in the II group respectively. The frequency of recurrence is higher in cases of bilateral affection of ovaries (IB stage), collapse of a capsule prior to the surgery. Sonography is a highly informative method of diagnostics of BOT relapse with its sensitivity 83,5 %, specifity - 64 %, favorable prognostic possibility - 56 %, unfavorable prognostic possibility - 66,4 %

The antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in combination with triptorelin and exemestane therapy for an ovarian cancer ascites model in Wistar rats

Aim: To study antitumor activity of triptorelin — agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and exemestane — inhibitor of aromatase in combination with cisplatin on the model of receptor-positive for estrogens and progesterone malignant transplantable ascites ova­rian tumor (OT); to assess tumor response to treatment and VEGF expression in tumor cells under different combinations of cytostatic and hormonal drugs. Materials and Methods: 36 female Wistar rats, which underwent intraperitoneal transplantation of ascites OT (5×106 cells per animal), have been involved in the study. Rats were distributed into 4 groups (9 rats in each group): group 1 — animals, which received combination of cisplatin and triptorelin; group 2 — rats treated with combination of cisplatin and exemestane; group 3 — animals, which were administered with combination of cisplatin, triptorelin and exemestane; group 4 — rats, which received combination of triptorelin and exemestane. Histological study with assessment of treatment pathomorphosis in OT and immunohistochemical study have been carried out to analyze VEGF expression in OT cells. Survival of animals has been evaluated. Results: Combination of cytostatic agent with triptorelin or exemestane has demonstrated significantly higher rates of treatment pathomorphosis (10.1 ± 0.1% and 16.2 ± 0.3%, respectively) and antiangiogenic activity in OT (21.4 ± 1.4% and 15.0 ± 1.3%, respectively), as well as the highest survival of animals (100.0 and 85.7%, respectively) as compared with the same in rats treated in regimen of monotherapy with cisplatin, triptorelin, exemestane or by combination of hormonal drugs. Among animals treated by combination of cytostatic drug with triptorelin, two were cured (22.2%), and among rats, which received cisplatin and exemestane, one animal (11.1%) was cured. Conclusions: Triptorelin and exemestane increase antitumor activity of cisplatin in respect to the transplantable malignant ascites OT and significantly increase survival of animals, especially when triptorelin and cisplatin are used in combination. Key Words: transplantable ascites ovarian tumor, rat, cisplatin, agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone triptorelin, inhibitor of aromatase exemestane, treatment pathomorphosis, VEGF, survival

Clinical significance of hormonal receptor status of malignant ovarian tumors

Objectives: To study hormonal receptor status (HRS) of malignant ovarian tumors (MOT) and determine its clinical significance. Patients and Methods: Retrospective analysis of case histories of 284 patients with MOT of different genesis of I–IV stages was carried out; immunohistochemical study of paraffin-embedded tissues. The HRS for serous, mucinous ovarian cancer (OC) and sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) was studied. The phenotype of tumors by HRS in patients with serous OC was determined; overall and relapse-free survival in these patients was evaluated depending on the tumor HRS. Results: Positive expression of ER has been registered in 66.4% of patients with serous OC, PR — in 63.4%, TR — in 53.0%; in patients with mucinous OC — 88.0; 84.0; 60.0%, respectively. Positive staining of cells of stroma-cellular tumors has been observed in 74.1% of patients for ER and 77.8% — for PR and TR. The highest number of patients with tumor phenotype ER+PR+TR+ has been observed in postmenopause — 52.4%, especially in late postmenopausal period — 39.0%. The lowest percentage of patients with mentioned phenotype has been marked in reproductive age — 20.7%. Most patients of reproductive period had phenotype of tumor ER-PR-TR- (35.1%), in late postmenopause this phenotype has been observed only in 16.2%. The patients with serous OC with the positive tumor HRS demonstrated the low indices of overall and relapse-free survival compared to the patients with receptor-negative tumors con­cerning all steroid hormones (р < 0.05). Conclusions: Positive HRS was registered in serous, mucinous OC and in SCST, high percen­tage of tumors with expression of all receptors of steroid hormones was observed at that. The highest frequency of tumors with positive HRS was recorded in patients with serous OC of late postmenopausal period. The patients with serous OC with receptor-positive tumor phenotype showed the rates of overall and relapse-free survival significantly lower compared to the patients with receptor-negative phenotype of OC. Positive HRS, the same as strong expression of TR in patients with serous OC, is a predictive factor of unfavorable course of tumor process. HRS of MOT can be regarded as the additional criterion for solution of a question concerning application of hormonal therapy as a component of complex treatment for the patients. Key Words: malignant ovarian tumors, serous ovarian cancer, hormonal receptor status, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone receptors, phenotype of tumor

Increase of antitumor activity of cisplatin using agonist of gonadotropin-realising hormone and inhibitor of aromatase on the model of ascites ovarian tumor

Aim : To study antitumor activity of triptorelin — agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and exemestane — inhibitor of aromatase in monotherapy and in combination with cisplatin on the model of receptor-positive for estrogens and progesterone malignant ascites transplantable ovarian tumor (TOT), to assess therapeutic pathomorphosis and level of VEGF expression in tumor cells using diffe­rent combinations of cytostatics and hormonal drugs. Materials and methods. 72 female Wistar rats, which underwent intraperitoneal transplantation of ascitic TOT, by 5·106 cells per animal, have been involved in the study. Rats were divided into 8 groups, 9 rats in each group. Histological study with assessment of therapeutic pathomorphosis in TOT and immunohistochemical study has been carried out. Survival of animals in the studied groups has been evaluated. Results. Among animals treated in regimen of monotherapy, the most pronounced antiangiogenic activity in TOT has been observed on application of hormonal drugs (triptorelin — 39.4 ± 1.9 and exemestane — 33.9 ± 1.4%; р = 0.003), the highest grade of treatment pathomorphosis in TOT has been observed at treatment with cisplatin (11.7%; р = 0.001). Combination of triptorelin and exemestane has amplified antiangiogenic activity in TOT (12.2 ± 0.9%; р = 0.001), but has not significantly changed rates of pathomorphosis (22.1 ± 0.4%; р=0.005) and survival of animals (32.2%; р = 0.007) as compared with the same rates in rats treated with hormonal drugs in monotherapy. Significant correlation between VEGF expression and pathomorphosis has been established (relative part of viable tumor tissue (RPVTT)) in TOT (r = 0.712; р = 0.001), as well as between RPVTT and life-span of animals (r = −0.320; р = 0.007). However, lack of correlation between VEGF expression in cells of TOT and survival of rats has been determined (r = −0.194; р = 0.11). Combination of cytostatic agent with triptorelin or exemestane has demonstrated significantly high rates of therapeutic pathomorphosis (10.1 ± 0.1% and 16.2 ± 0.3%, respectively) and antiangiogenic activity in TOT (21.4 ± 1.4% and 15.0 ± 1.3%, respectively) as well as the highest survival of animals (100.0%, increase of life-span (ILS) = 231.9% and 85.7%, ILS = 205.8%, respectively) as compared with the same one in rats treated in regimen of monotherapy with cisplatin, triptorelin, exemestane or by combination of hormonal drugs. Among animals treated by combination of cytostatic drug with triptorelin, two were cured, and among rats, which received cisplatin and exemestane, one animal was cured. Conclusions. Triptorelin and exemestane increase antitumor activity of cisplatin in respect to the malignant ascitic TOT and significantly increase survival of animals, especially when triptorelin and cisplatin are used in combination. Key Words: ascites transplantable ovarian tumor, rat, cytostatic, agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone triptorelin, inhibitor of aromatase exemestane, pathomorphosis, VEGF, survival

Локомоторная активность линий Drosophila melanogaster, полученных из популяций разного географического происхождения

Wild type stocks of Drosophila melanogaster obtained from populations of different geographical origin were used to study locomotor activity. Genotype, sex and both factors mentioned combined action were found to influence locomotor activity of imago of D. melanogaster wild-type stocks. Hybrid analysis has shown polygenic character of the trait inheritance. The influence of mobile genetic elements on this trait has been discussed.Изучали локомоторную активность линий дикого типа Drosophila melanogaster, полученных из популяций разного географического происхождения. Установлено влияние генотипа и пола на локомоторную активность имаго линий дикого типа D. melanogaster, а также комбинированное влияние обоих факторов на данный показатель. Гибридологический анализ локомоторной активности показал полигенный характер наследования данного признака. Обсуждается влияние мобильных генетических элементов на изученный поведенческий признак

Связь экспрессивности признака radius incompletus и жизнеспособности Drosophila melanogaster

The results of study of the expressiveness of drosophila trait incompletus and some viability features under the change of genetic background and keeping conditions of parent individuals are presented. Сhange of genetic background of mutant strain results in the trait expressiveness increase. The positive connection between the expressiveness of trait incompletus in parent individuals and viability of their offspring has been revealed. The influence of red light on maternal individuals leads to the increase of the trait manifestation and preimaginal viability of the offspring. At the impact of green light on maternal individuals viability of the offspring increases, the expressiveness of the trait increases among males and decreases among females.Изложены результаты исследования экспрессивности признака radius incompletus дрозофилы и некоторых показателей жизнеспособности при изменении генетического фона и условий содержания родительских особей. Изменение генетического фона мутантной линии приводит к повышению степени проявления признака. Обнаружена положительная связь между экспрессивностью признака radius incompletus у особей родительского поколения и жизнеспособностью их потомков. Воздействие красного света на материнские особи приводит к усилению проявления признака и повышению степени предимагинальной жизнеспособности у потомков. При воздействии зеленого света на материнские особи жизнеспособность потомков повышается, экспрессивность мутации у самцов возрастает, у самок снижается