166 research outputs found
Stimulated photon echo with temporal data coding in the Hopfield-Little regime
A model of an optical neural network with associative memory using stimulated photon echo (SPE) with temporal data coding is presented. The electrical field's calculation of the SPE signals is carried out for case of multiple influences on the resonant medium by optical pulses. A computer model of an optical echo processor with associative retrieval of information is elaborated. Β© 2009 Allerton Press, Inc
Dynamics of tripod drive with elastic self-sustaining transmission
The article describes a mathematical model of dynamics of electromechanical drive with elastic transmission gear. A motor is connected to the tripod actuating links by self-sustaining transmission. The analytical conditions of drive dynamic seizure absence have been obtained
Π Π΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
As a result of the study of the effect of acrylamide copolymers on the stability of the kaolin salt dispersion, it was shown that the aggregation of solid phase particles and the deposition rate of flocs increases when polymers with different adsorption activity are alternately dosed to a disperse system. The adsorption limit, adsorption capacity and adsorption constant are at maximum for alternate adsorption of anionic polyelectrolyte on a cationic polyelectrolyte layer. High adsorption capacity and interaction energy of polymers with the surface and with each other leads to an improvement in flocculation and to the increase in the deposition rate of the kaolin-salt dispersion by 1.3β1.5 times.Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ» ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ, Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ° Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² 1,3β1,5 ΡΠ°Π·Π°
ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ
The swelling kinetics of cross-linked polyacrylamide was studied depending on the composition of the external solution. It was shown that the polymer gel swelling during the transition from water to a potassium or sodium chloride solution and vice versa sharply decreases, then gradually increases. The swelling of gel in a solution of sodium chloride is higher than that of potassium chloride. In the equilibrium swollen gel, the concentration of salts in the gel phase is higher than in the external solution and increases with the transition from potassium chloride to sodium chloride.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅, ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΡ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΌΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²
The surface activity of amphiphilic polymers increases with an increase in the content of hydrophobic groups in the polymer and in the presence of low molecular weight surfactants. Binary systems containing methacrylic acid copolymer with Π°-pinene and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide show that the toluene solubilization increases by 1,4 times compared to a polymer without surfactant and by 1,3 times when the surfactant concentration in the solution is below the critical micelle concentration.ΠΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ². Π Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Ρ Π°-ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² 1,4 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΠΠ ΠΈ Π² 1,3 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ
Using the methods of viscometry and potentiometry, the interaction of polyacrylamide and polyacids with different hydrophobicity (polyacrylic, polymethacrylic, copolymer of methacrylic acid with Π°-pinene) in an acidic medium (pH 2.53.5) was studied and the composition of polymer complexes formed was determined. The dependence of the solubilizing ability of polymer complexes on the hydrophobicity of polyacids, polymer concentration, and the type of solubilizate was described.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Ρ Π°-ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π΅-Π½ΠΎΠΌ) Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ (ΡΠ 2,5-3,5) ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠ°
ΠΠ»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°
The article deals with the production, sorption and rheological properties of composite materials based on polymer hydrogel and bentonite. It is shown that bentonite prevents the collapse of the hydrogel in aqueous solutions of electrolytes and leads to an increase in the moisture content after the collapse. After several repeated cycles of swelling in water, followed by drying at 60 and 110 Β°C, the degree of swelling of the composite is higher than that of the hydrogel. In the temperature range from 20 to 40 Β°C, the polymer hydrogel and the composite are able to withstand at least ten cycles of swelling and drying without changing the degree of swelling.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°ΠΏΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ 60 ΠΈ 110 Β°Π‘ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ. Π ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ 20 Π΄ΠΎ 40 Β°Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Measurement of reflection coefficients of organic and non-organic media and materials in UV spectrum
Measurements of the diffuse reflection coefficients of organic and inorganic materials and media in solid, granular and liquid forms were made in the UV field of 230β400 nm. A single channel spectrometer with an integrating sphere was used. Relation between diffuse reflection coefficients and the structure and composition of the samples is discussed. These data allow us to estimate the prospect of machine vision systems application for the UV range in such areas as biology, geology, remote control of materials and media
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ°
In aqueous solution, in the acidic environment (pH <3), water-soluble complexes are formed based on polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethyleneglycol with a molecular weight of more than 6000 or on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The conditions for obtaining hydrogel based on polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol with a high degree of swelling (about 500 g of water/g of polymer) were determined: pH <3, temperature 120-140 Β°Π‘. The degree of interaction of polymers is directly proportional to the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the initial mixture in the range of the molar PVA and PAA ratios from 1 : 1 to 10 : 1, the temperature and duration of heat treatment and is inversely proportional to the molecular weight of polyacrylic acid. The equilibrium degree of hydrogel swelling increases at the pH of the swelling medium above 6, and the swelling rate depends on the solvent diffusion into the hydrogel and is determined by the size of its particles and the swelling conditions (washing, mixing, etc.).Π Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ (ΡΠ <3) ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ (ΠΠΠ) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 6000 ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘). ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ° Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 500 Π³ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ/Π³ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°): ΡΠ <3, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° 120-140 Β°Π‘. Π‘ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈ ΠΠΠ ΠΎΡ 1 : 1 Π΄ΠΎ 10 : 1, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. Π Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ 6, Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄.)
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