Intraregionale Unterschiede in der Carsharing-Nachfrage: Eine GIS-basierte empirische Analyse

Das Carsharing hat in den vergangenen Jahren einen großen Bedeutungsgewinn zu verzeichnen. Charakteristisch sind dabei teils große Unterschiede zwischen städtischen und ländlichen Regionen sowie auch zwischen einzelnen Städten. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der vor allem für Deutschland bislang nicht untersuchten Frage nach, welche Faktoren auf kleinräumiger Ebene die unterschiedliche Nachfrage nach Carsharing-Angeboten beeinflussen. Basierend auf einem Geographischen Informationssystem (GIS) wird ein multiples Regressionsmodell erstellt, das mit Hilfe soziodemographischer und struktureller Merkmale die Nachfrage nach Carsharing erklärt. Anhand umfangreicher empirischer Daten aus der Universitätsstadt Tübingen zeigt die Arbeit, dass vor allem soziale Merkmale der Bevölkerung wichtige Determinanten sind. Insbesondere das Alter und die persönlichen Einstellungen sind hier zu nennen. Andere häufig genannte Faktoren wie die Nutzungsmischung oder die Fahrrad- und Fußgängerfreundlichkeit zeigen sich hingegen als weniger einflussreich.Carsharing has been growing significantly throughout the last years. However, the density of regional supply largely differs between urban and rural regions, between cities and also within cities and regions. Particularly the question of intraregional differences in the demand for carsharing is only sporadically researched so far. The present contribution thus addresses the question which factors determine the demand for carsharing on the subregional level of urban quarters. Grounded on a geographic information system (GIS) and comprehensive empirical data from the city of Tübingen, Germany, we explain the demand for carsharing taking into account different socio-demographic and structural factors. The paper shows that social characteristics of the population, particularly age and attitudes, are import determinants of the observable regional differences. Factors of a more structural nature, e.g. the diversity of land utilization or an environment favoring bicycles or pedestrians, which have been emphasized in the extant literature, are less influential in our models

Human History and Digital Future

2. Korrigierter Nachdruck. S. 14: Bildunterschrift Fig. 1 geändert; S. 30: BIldunterschrift Fig. 5 geändert; S. 44: BIldunterschrift Fig. 5 geändert; S. 79ff; Fig. 9 eingesetzt (Bild 8 war doppelt), Tabellen 1 & 2 Schrift normal gesetzt; S. 85: Bildunterschrift Fig. 2: Anfangsbuchstabe fehlte; S. 95: Anfangsbuchstabe in Bildunterschrift Fig. 3 war doppelt; S. 112: Bildunterschrift: Fig. 7 geändert; S. 140f: Fig. 7 ausgetauscht (Fig. 6 war doppelt), Fig. 8 neu numeriert, Unterschrift geändert; S. 163: Fig. 2 ist jetzt vollständig sichtbar; S. 175: Fig. 2, Anfangsbuchstabe der Bildunterschrift war doppelt; S. 186ff: Bildunterschriften: Fig. 2 & Fig 3. geändert. S. 197 ff: Bildunterschrift: Fig. 6 geändert, Graphik Fig. 10 ersetzt, Bildunterschrift Anfangsbuchstabe war doppelt; S. 211ff: Bildunterschriften: Fig. 5 & Fig. 6 geändert. S. 232: Buchstabe in Bildunterschrift Fig. 5 gelöscht; S. 246: Bildnumerierung & Bildunterschrift: Fig 3 ersetzt, Bildinhalt angepasst für schwarzen Rahmen; S. 255: Keywords geändert; S. 269: Keywords geändert.The Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, held between March 19th and 23th, 2018 at the University of Tübingen, Germany, discuss the current questions concerning digital recording, computer analysis, graphic and 3D visualization, data management and communication in the field of archaeology. Through a selection of diverse case studies from all over the world, the proceedings give an overview on new technical approaches and best practice from various archaeological and computer-science disciplines

Human History and Digital Future

Korrigierter Nachdruck. Im Kapitel "Wallace/Moullou: Viability of Production and Implementation of Retrospective Photogrammetry in Archaeology" wurden die Acknowledgemens enfternt.The Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology, held between March 19th and 23th, 2018 at the University of Tübingen, Germany, discuss the current questions concerning digital recording, computer analysis, graphic and 3D visualization, data management and communication in the field of archaeology. Through a selection of diverse case studies from all over the world, the proceedings give an overview on new technical approaches and best practice from various archaeological and computer-science disciplines

Changes in the Building Stock of Da Nang between 2015 and 2017

This descriptor introduces a novel dataset, which contains the number and types of buildings in the city of Da Nang in Central Vietnam. The buildings were classified into nine distinct types and initially extracted from a satellite image of the year 2015. Secondly, changes were identified based on a visual interpretation of an image of the year 2017, so that new buildings, demolished buildings and building upgrades can be quantitatively analyzed. The data was aggregated by administrative wards and a hexagonal grid with a diameter of 250 m to protect personal rights and to avoid the misuse of a single building’s information. The dataset shows an increase of 19,391 buildings between October 2015 and August 2017, with a variety of interesting spatial patterns. The center of the city is mostly dominated by building changes and upgrades, while most of the new buildings were constructed within a distance of five to six kilometers from the city center

Satellitengestützte Charakterisierung der Stadtmorphologie in Kigali (Ruanda) und Verknüpfung mit einer transsektoralen Verbrauchsanalyse

Basisdaten zur Stadtmorphologie sowie Daten über die spezifischen Bedarfe und Verbräuche der Sektoren wie Energie, Wasser und Abwasser, sind für die Stadtplanung und die Planung von Infrastruktur wichtig. Gerade in sich dynamisch entwickelnden urbanen Regionen des Globalen Südens liegen diese Daten zumeist nicht vor. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass mittels Satelliten-Fernerkundung und Haushaltsbefragungen diese Informationslücken geschlossen werden können. Mittels Pléiades- und RapidEye-Aufnahmen konnten für die Stadt Kigali die Stadtmorphologie und die Anzahl von Gebäuden erhoben sowie eine Typisierung der Gebäude durchgeführt werden. Die Haushaltsbefragung zeigt einen direkten Zusammenhang zwischen Stadtstruktur/Gebäudetyp und nutzerspezifischen Verbrauchs- und Bedarfswerten

The development of an innovative computer-based Integrated Water Resources Management System for water resources analyses

International audienceThe European IWRMS (Integrated Water Resources Management System) project is dedicated to developing a toolset for a sustainable use and distribution of water resources in souther African countries. This system integrates various scientific components: remote sensing, information systems, database management, and hydrological modelling. This paper is mainly related to the remote sensing contribution of the project. Two points are discussed: land cover classification and the spatio-temporal processing of remote sensing data to extract hydrological parameters

Geomorphology of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with emphasis on late Pleistocene colluvial deposits

We present a 1:50 000 scale geomorphological map of the upper Mkhomazi River basin, located in the foothills of the Drakensberg mountains in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The sub-horizontal strata of the Permo-Triassic Beaufort Group forms plateau interfluves with a concave valley slope morphology. Locally, thick sequences of late Pleistocene colluvial deposits and associated buried paleosols (Masotcheni Formation) infill first-order tributary stream valleys and extend across the adjacent lower slopes. Surface runoff processes preferentially incise into the poorly consolidated, highly erodible sediments causing severe gully erosion that is responsible for widespread land degradation and desertification phenomena. The main purpose of this work is to derive a geomorphological map of the study area focussing on the erosional landforms to understand their spatial distribution and their relation to the colluvial deposits. Finally, a local and regional stratigraphic correlation of colluvial deposits and associated buried palaeosol profiles is proposed

Geomorphological processes, forms and features in the surroundings of the Melka Kunture Palaeolithic site, Ethiopia

The landscape of the surroundings of the Melka Kunture prehistoric site, Upper Awash Basin, Ethiopia, were studied intensively in the last decades. Nonetheless, the area was mainly characterized under a stratigraphic/geological and archaeological point of view. However, a detailed geomorphological map is still lacking. Hence, in this study, we identify, map and visualize geomorphological forms and processes. The morphology of the forms, as well as the related processes, were remotely sensed with available high-resolution airborne and satellite sources and calibrated and validated through extensive field work conducted in 2013 and 2014. Furthermore, we integrated multispectral satellite imagery to classify areas affected by intensive erosion processes and/or anthropic activities. The Main Map at 1:15,000 scale reveals structural landforms as well as intensive water-related degradation processes in the Upper Awash Basin. Moreover, the map is available as an interactive WebGIS application providing further information and detail (www.roceeh.net/ethiopia_ geomorphological_map/)