ANÁLISE DA DEPRESSÃO EM IDOSOS DE SÃO CAETANO DO SUL E OS FATORES ASSOCIADOS AVALIADOS PELA GDS-15

Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in all age groups, being, in elderly, associated with more unusual signs and symptoms than in other ages, such as irritability, reduced functionality and slowed thinking. Questionnaires and scales can be used to screen symptoms in elderly, such as the Reduced Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), by Yesavage. This is an observational, cross-sectional, study, carried out using the GDS-15 scale and applied to elderly residents in São Caetano do Sul-SP, Brazil, and registered at UBS Amélia Locatelli and at the University Ambulatorial Center of the University of São Caetano do Sul. The objective is to analyze the prevalence of depression in elderly people from that city and its associated factors, according to the GDS-15. The conclusion was that 41 (73.21%) of 56 participants had a normal psychological condition, 13 had mild depression and 2 had severe depression. The total prevalence of depression was 26.78%, being higher in elderly women than in men (Ratio=1,34). The most selected question (29 times) was “Have you dropped many of your interests and activities?”, followed by “Would you rather stay home than go out and do new things?”, selected 25 times. Thus, isolation and loneliness, indirectly assessed in questions 2 and 9, are factors that influence depression, selected in 12 of the 15 scales applied with positive results for depressive conditions, reinforcing the correlation between quarantine, imposed by the COVID-19, and the rise of depression in the elderly population, as suggested by other studies.La depresión es el trastorno psiquiátrico más frecuente entre todas las edades, asociándose, en el caso de los ancianos, a señales y síntomas inusuales en otras edades, como la irritabilidad y lentitud del pensamiento. La Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), de Yesavage es una escala para detectar estos síntomas en ancianos. Se trata de un estudio observacional, transversal, realizada mediante la Escala GDS-15, aplicada a ancianos residentes en São Caetano do Sul-SP, Brasil, (UBS Amélia Locatelli y Centro Universitario Ambulatorio de la Universidad de São Caetano do Sul). Buscamos analizar la prevalencia de depresión en ancianos de São Caetano do Sul y los factores asociados, evaluados por la GDS-15. Como resultado, 41 de los 56 participantes tenían un cuadro psicológico normal, 13 tenían depresión leve y 2 depresión severa. La prevalencia total de depresión fue del 26,78%, siendo mayor en mujeres ancianas que en hombres (R=1,34). La pregunta con la puntuación más alta ("¿Ha abandonado muchos de sus intereses y actividades?") fue seleccionada 29 veces, seguida de "¿Preferiría quedarse en casa que salir y hacer cosas nuevas?" puntuada 25 veces. Por lo tanto, fue posible concluir que el aislamiento y la soledad, evaluados indirectamente en las preguntas 2 y 9, son factores que influyen en la depresión, seleccionados en 12 de las 15 escalas aplicadas con resultados positivos para estados depresivos, reforzando la relación entre la cuarentena del COVID-19 y el aumento de la depresión en la población, como sugieren otros estudios.A depressão é o distúrbio psiquiátrico mais comum em todas as faixas etárias, sendo, no idoso, associada a sinais e sintomas mais incomuns que em outras idades, como irritabilidade, perda da funcionalidade e lentificação do raciocínio. Questionários e escalas podem ser utilizados para rastreio dos sintomas em idosos, como a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica reduzida (GDS-15), de Yesavage. Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, de caráter transversal, realizada através da Escala GDS-15 e aplicada em idosos residentes em São Caetano do Sul-SP, Brasil, e cadastrados na UBS Amélia Locatelli e no Centro Ambulatorial Universitário da Universidade de São Caetano do Sul. Buscou-se analisar a prevalência de depressão nesses idosos e os fatores associados, avaliados pela GDS-15. Como resultado, 41 (73,21%) dos 56 participantes apresentaram quadro psicológico normal, 13, quadro depressivo leve e 2, depressão severa. A prevalência total de depressão foi 26,78%, sendo maior nas idosas que nos homens (Relação=1,34). A pergunta mais pontuada (“Você deixou de lado muitos de seus interesses e atividades?”) foi selecionada 31 vezes, seguida de “Você prefere ficar em casa a sair e fazer coisas novas?”, pontuada 25 vezes. Concluiu-se que o isolamento e a solidão, indiretamente avaliados nas perguntas 2 e 9, são fatores que influenciam a depressão, selecionados em 12 das 15 escalas aplicadas com resultados positivos para quadros depressivos, reforçando a relação entre a quarentena, imposta pela pandemia da COVID-19, e o aumento da depressão na população idosa, como sugerido em outros estudos.A depressão é o distúrbio psiquiátrico mais comum em todas as faixas etárias, sendo, no idoso, associada a sinais e sintomas mais incomuns que em outras idades, como irritabilidade, perda da funcionalidade e lentificação do raciocínio. Questionários e escalas podem ser utilizados para rastreio dos sintomas em idosos, como a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica reduzida (GDS-15), de Yesavage. Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, de caráter transversal, realizada através da Escala GDS-15 e aplicada em idosos residentes em São Caetano do Sul-SP, Brasil, e cadastrados na UBS Amélia Locatelli e no Centro Ambulatorial Universitário da Universidade de São Caetano do Sul. Buscou-se analisar a prevalência de depressão nesses idosos e os fatores associados, avaliados pela GDS-15. Como resultado, 41 (73,21%) dos 56 participantes apresentaram quadro psicológico normal, 13, quadro depressivo leve e 2, depressão severa. A prevalência total de depressão foi 26,78%, sendo maior nas idosas que nos homens (Relação=1,34). A pergunta mais pontuada (“Você deixou de lado muitos de seus interesses e atividades?”) foi selecionada 31 vezes, seguida de “Você prefere ficar em casa a sair e fazer coisas novas?”, pontuada 25 vezes. Concluiu-se que o isolamento e a solidão, indiretamente avaliados nas perguntas 2 e 9, são fatores que influenciam a depressão, selecionados em 12 das 15 escalas aplicadas com resultados positivos para quadros depressivos, reforçando a relação entre a quarentena, imposta pela pandemia da COVID-19, e o aumento da depressão na população idosa, como sugerido em outros estudos

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine