De vuelta al punto de partida: Nuevas dataciones del arte de la Cueva de la Peña de Candamo (Asturias)

La Peña de Candamo was discovered by the scientific community in 1914, being one of the first known caves in the Cantabrian region, and declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2008. The only monographic study of its parietal art was led and published by E. Hernández Pacheco in 1919, showing exceptional complexity and graphic density. In 2007, a new research project was launched to update all the information related to the cave's parietal art from a multidisciplinary perspective. Within this context, and starting from the radiocarbon tests made by J. Fortea in the late 20th century, tests have been conducted at the Gif-sur-Yvette to date a series of black dots located on the "Engraving's Wall". The fact that the results are di - fferent to those published to date leads to the discussion as to which to accept based on the followed metho - dologies and protocols. Likewise, the implications of these results in the decorating of the cave and their place within the artistic production of the region during the Upper Palaeolithic period are also analyse

La Griega Cave (Pedraza, Segovia, Spain) at the iberian corssroads: new analysis of art parietal palaeolithic by means of correspondence factorial analysis

Este artículo presenta los nuevos resultados de los estudios en curso sobre la cueva de La Griega (Pedraza, Segovia, España). Las investigaciones en esta cavidad se han centrado en una renovación de los métodos de análisis del registro parietal y en la aplicación del análisis formal utilizando herramientas estadísticas (análisis factorial de correspondencias - AFC). Se discuten los resultados concernientes, par¬ticularmente, a las representaciones de caballos, analizados por AFC sobre un conjunto de 200 entidades que proceden de las cavidades (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta?) y dispositivos al aire libre de la Península Ibérica (Siega Verde y Foz Côa). Los resultados muestran que las características formales de los équidos de La Griega son muy homogéneos y comparten también caracte¬rísticas cantábricas y mediterráneas. Los análisis realizados ponen de relieve los vínculos existentes entre la cueva segoviana y los conceptos formales de équidos representados en los niveles solútreo-gravetienses de la cueva del Parpalló, permitiendo aventurar las conexiones entre el interior peninsular y el área me¬diterránea durante este periodo.This paper presents the new results of the ongoing studies of La Griega Cave (Pedraza, Segovia, Spain). The investigations are focused in a methodological renewal of the analysis of rock art and formal analysis using statistical tools (Correspondence Factorial Analysis- CFA).The aim of this article is to discuss the results of correspondence factorial analysis focused particularly on the representation of hourses, for which a set of over 200 entities from the cavities (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta?) and from outdoor sites in the Iberian Peninsula (Siega Verde and Foz Côa) have been analyzed. The results show that the formal characteristics of the Griega cave horses are very homogeneous and share also Cantabrian and Mediterranean characteristics. These data highlight the links between the segovian cave and the equine formal concepts represented in solutreo-Gravettian levels of the cave Parpalló allowing hypothesize the connections between the peninsular interior and the Mediterranean area during this period.Esta investigación forma parte de los proyectos: Apli¬cación de nuevas tecnologías al estudio del Arte paleolítico y su contexto social en el valle del Nalón (Asturias, España): 20000-12000 BP, Ref. HAR2010-17916, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; y Aplicación de nuevas geotecnologías al estudio del Patrimonio arqueoló¬gico de Castilla y León. Espacio y arte parietal de la Cueva de La Griega (Pedraza, Segovia), Ref.: SA014A10-1, financiado por la Junta de Castilla y León (IP: M.ª Soledad Corchón Rodríguez). Los autores agradecen al profesor Dr. G. Sauvet su colaboración y sus valiosos comentarios en la realización de los análisis estadísticos

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

LA CUEVA DE LA GRIEGA (PEDRAZA, SEGOVIA, ESPAÑA) EN LA ENCRUCIJADA IBÉRICA: NUEVOS ANÁLISIS DEL ARTE PARIETAL PALEOLÍTICO A TRAVÉS DEL ANÁLISIS FACTORIAL DE CORRESPONDENCIAS

This paper presents the new results of the ongoing studies of La Griega Cave (Pedraza, Segovia, Spain). The investigations are focused in a methodological renewal of the analysis of rock art and formal analysis using statistical tools (Correspondence Factorial Analysis- CFA).The aim of this article is to discuss the results of correspondence factorial analysis focused particularly on the representation of hourses, for which a set of over 200 entities from the cavities (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta…) and from outdoor sites in the Iberian Peninsula (Siega Verde and Foz Côa) have been analyzed. The results show that the formal characteristics of the Griega cave horses are very homogeneous and share also Cantabrian and Mediterranean characteristics. These data highlight the links between the segovian cave and the equine formal concepts represented in solutreo-Gravettian levels of the cave Parpalló allowing hypothesize the connections between the peninsular interior and the Mediterranean area during this period

LA CUEVA DE LA GRIEGA (PEDRAZA, SEGOVIA, ESPAÑA) EN LA ENCRUCIJADA IBÉRICA: NUEVOS ANÁLISIS DEL ARTE PARIETAL PALEOLÍTICO A TRAVÉS DEL ANÁLISIS FACTORIAL DE CORRESPONDENCIAS

Este artículo presenta los nuevos resultados de los estudios en curso sobre la cueva de La Griega (Pedraza, Segovia, España). Las investigaciones en esta cavidad se han centrado en una renovación de los métodos de análisis del registro parietal: aplicación de técnicas de estudio en 3D, análisis microscópico de los trazos grabados, análisis formal utilizando herramientas estadísticas (Análisis Factorial de Correspondencias-AFC ). Se discuten los resultados concernientes, particularmente, a las representacions de caballos, analizados por AFC sobre un conjunto de mas de 200 entidades que proceden de las cavidades (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta…) y dispositivos al aire libre de la Peninsula Ibérica (Siega Verde y Foz Côa). Los resultados muestran que las caracteristicas formales de los équidos de la griega son muy homogéneas y comparten también caracteristicas cantábricas y mediterráneas. Estos datos permiten establecer hipótesis acerca de la cronología de las representaciones, y las relaciones de larga distancia durante el periodo premagdaleniense.This paper presents the new results of the ongoing studies of La Griega Cave (Pedraza, Segovia, Spain). The investigations are focused in a methodological renewal of the analysis of rock art and formal analysis using statistical tools (Correspondence Factorial Analysis- CFA).The aim of this article is to discuss the results of correspondence factorial analysis focused particularly on the representation of hourses, for which a set of over 200 entities from the cavities (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta…) and from outdoor sites in the Iberian Peninsula (Siega Verde and Foz Côa) have been analyzed. The results show that the formal characteristics of the Griega cave horses are very homogeneous and share also Cantabrian and Mediterranean characteristics. These data highlight the links between the segovian cave and the equine formal concepts represented in solutreo-Gravettian levels of the cave Parpalló allowing hypothesize the connections between the peninsular interior and the Mediterranean area during this period. </span

LA CUEVA DE LA GRIEGA (PEDRAZA, SEGOVIA, ESPAÑA) EN LA ENCRUCIJADA IBÉRICA: NUEVOS ANÁLISIS DEL ARTE PARIETAL PALEOLÍTICO A TRAVÉS DEL ANÁLISIS FACTORIAL DE CORRESPONDENCIAS

Este artículo presenta los nuevos resultados de los estudios en curso sobre la cueva de La Griega (Pedraza, Segovia, España). Las investigaciones en esta cavidad se han centrado en una renovación de los métodos de análisis del registro parietal: aplicación de técnicas de estudio en 3D, análisis microscópico de los trazos grabados, análisis formal utilizando herramientas estadísticas (Análisis Factorial de Correspondencias-AFC ). Se discuten los resultados concernientes, particularmente, a las representacions de caballos, analizados por AFC sobre un conjunto de mas de 200 entidades que proceden de las cavidades (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta…) y dispositivos al aire libre de la Peninsula Ibérica (Siega Verde y Foz Côa). Los resultados muestran que las caracteristicas formales de los équidos de la griega son muy homogéneas y comparten también caracteristicas cantábricas y mediterráneas. Estos datos permiten establecer hipótesis acerca de la cronología de las representaciones, y las relaciones de larga distancia durante el periodo premagdaleniense.This paper presents the new results of the ongoing studies of La Griega Cave (Pedraza, Segovia, Spain). The investigations are focused in a methodological renewal of the analysis of rock art and formal analysis using statistical tools (Correspondence Factorial Analysis- CFA).The aim of this article is to discuss the results of correspondence factorial analysis focused particularly on the representation of hourses, for which a set of over 200 entities from the cavities (La Pasiega, Castillo, La Viña, Covalanas, Parpalló, Nerja, La Pileta…) and from outdoor sites in the Iberian Peninsula (Siega Verde and Foz Côa) have been analyzed. The results show that the formal characteristics of the Griega cave horses are very homogeneous and share also Cantabrian and Mediterranean characteristics. These data highlight the links between the segovian cave and the equine formal concepts represented in solutreo-Gravettian levels of the cave Parpalló allowing hypothesize the connections between the peninsular interior and the Mediterranean area during this period. </span

Back to the point: new datings for La Peña de Candamo cave art (Asturias)

La cueva de La Peña de Candamo fue descubierta en 1914 para la comunidad científica, siendo una de las primeras conocidas en la región cantábrica y declarada Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO en 2008. El único estudio monográfico de su arte parietal fue dirigido y publicado por E. Hernández Pacheco en 1919, evidenciando una complejidad y densidad gráfica excepcional. Desde 2007 se desarrolla un nuevo proyecto de investigación, que tiene como finalidad actualizar toda la información referente al arte parietal de la cavidad desde una perspectiva pluridisciplinar. En este contexto, y partiendo de las dataciones radiocarbónicas efectuadas por J. Fortea a finales del s. XX, se ha procedido a datar una serie de puntos negros del ‘Muro de los Grabados’ en el laboratorio de Gif-sur-Yvette. Los resultados obtenidos difieren de los publicados hasta el momento, por lo que se discute la pertinencia de aceptar unos u otros en función de los protocolos y metodologías seguidas. Se analiza igualmente la implicación de estos resultados en el proceso decorativo de la cavidad y su encaje dentro de la producción artística de la región durante el Paleolítico superior.La Peña de Candamo was discovered by the scientific community in 1914, being one of the first known caves in the Cantabrian region, and declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2008. The only monographic study of its parietal art was led and published by E. Hernández Pacheco in 1919, showing exceptional complexity and graphic density. In 2007, a new research project was launched to update all the information related to the cave’s parietal art from a multidisciplinary perspective. Within this context, and starting from the radiocarbon tests made by J. Fortea in the late 20th century, tests have been conducted at the Gif-sur-Yvette to date a series of black dots located on the ‘Engraving’s Wall’. The fact that the results are different to those published to date leads to the discussion as to which to accept based on the followed methodologies and protocols. Likewise, the implications of these results in the decorating of the cave and their place within the artistic production of the region during the Upper Palaeolithic period are also analysed

De vuelta al punto de partida: nuevas dataciones del arte de la cueva de La Peña de Candamo (Asturias)

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