Risk to pollinators from anthropogenic electro-magnetic radiation (EMR): evidence and knowledge gaps

Worldwide urbanisation and use of mobile and wireless technologies (5G, Internet of Things) is leading to the proliferation of anthropogenic electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and campaigning voices continue to call for the risk to human health and wildlife to be recognised. Pollinators provide many benefits to nature and humankind, but face multiple anthropogenic threats. Here, we assess whether artificial light at night (ALAN) and anthropogenic radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (AREMR), such as used in wireless technologies (4G, 5G) or emitted from power lines, represent an additional and growing threat to pollinators. A lack of high quality scientific studies means that knowledge of the risk to pollinators from anthropogenic EMR is either inconclusive, unresolved, or only partly established. A handful of studies provide evidence that ALAN can alter pollinator communities, pollination and fruit set. Laboratory experiments provide some, albeit variable, evidence that the honey bee Apis mellifera and other invertebrates can detect EMR, potentially using it for orientation or navigation, but they do not provide evidence that AREMR affects insect behaviour in ecosystems. Scientifically robust evidence of AREMR impacts on abundance or diversity of pollinators (or other invertebrates) are limited to a single study reporting positive and negative effects depending on the pollinator group and geographical location. Therefore, whether anthropogenic EMR (ALAN or AREMR) poses a significant threat to insect pollinators and the benefits they provide to ecosystems and humanity remains to be established

Résultats et particularités de la radio hormonothérapie dans le cancer de la prostate à haut risque en Guadeloupe

Objectif. - L'ethnie noire a été identifiée comme à risque d'échec des traitements du cancer de la prostate surtout dans les formes avancées. Cette différence ethnique reste néanmoins controversée. L'objectif de notre étude était d'analyser dans une population Antillaise à 90% d'ascendance africaine, la survie et les facteurs prédictifs d'échec après traitement par radio hormonothérapie (RHT) pour un cancer de la prostate à haut risque (CPHR). Matériels et méthode. - 59 patients successivement traités entre Janvier 2003 et avril 2009 dans un centre par RHT pour un CPHR selon la classification D'AMICO ont été analysés. La dose médiane d'irradiation et la durée médiane d'hormonothérapie étaient respectivement de 70 Gy et 37 mois. La récidive biologique (RB), objectif principal, était définie selon les critères de PHOENIX (PSA nadir + 2ng/ml). Une analyse multi variée a été effectuée pour identifier les facteurs prédictifs indépendants de RB. Le suivi médian était de 47 mois. Résultats. - Huit (13.6%) patients ont présenté une RB et quatre (6.8%) ont développé des métastases. Six (10.2%) sont décédés durant le suivi. La probabilité de survie sans récidive biologique à 5 ans était de 79.7%. En analyse multi variée, le score de Gleason >7 (p=0.029), la durée d'hormonothérapie =0.5ng/ml (p=0,001) étaient des facteurs prédictifs de RB. Conclusion. - Cette étude est la première à notre connaissance, qui a étudié dans une population Antillaise les résultats carcinologiques de la RHT pour CPHR. Les résultats et les facteurs prédictifs .de RB, sont comparables à ceux publiés dans la littératureMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Preliminary sims imaging of calcium distribution in ectomycorrhizas of Pinus pinaster and Hebeloma cylindrosporum

International audienc

The influence of bioactive mobile telephony radiation at the level of a plant community – Possible mechanisms and indicators of the effects

International audienceEnvironmental exposure to radiofrequency electromagneticfields (RF-EMFs) from mobile telephony has rapidlyincreased in the last two decades and this trend is expected to continue. The effects of this exposure at plantcommunity level are unknown and difficult to assess in a scientifically appropriate manner. Such an assessmentcan be scientifically adequate if a studied plant community is completely new and control-impact radiationtreatment is used.In this review we aimed to predict ecological effects and identify indicators of the impact of bioactive RF-EMFs at the mobile telephony frequency range on plant communities. We considered the scenario where a plantcommunity was exposed to radiation generated by a base transmitting station antenna mounted on a nearbymast. This plant community can be represented by mesic meadow, ruderal or arable weed community, or otherherbaceous, moderately productive vegetation type. We concentrated primarily on radiation effects that can berecorded for a year since the exposure started. To predict them we used physical theories of radiowave pro-pagation in vegetation and the knowledge on plants physiological responses to RF-EMF. Our indicators can beused for the detection of the impact of RF-EMFs on vegetation in a control-impact experiment.The identified indicators can be classified into the following groups: (1) canopy parameters; (2) plant char-acteristics to be measured in thefield or laboratory in a number of individuals that represent the populations ofselected species; (3) community weighted means/medians (CWMs) of plant traits and strategies; (4) the abun-dance of other organisms that interact with plants and can influence theirfitness or population size. The group ofcanopy parameters includes mean height, vertical vegetation structure and dry weight of above-ground standingphytomass. Plant characteristics requiring biometric sampling in thefield are plant height, the number of fruitsand seeds, as well as seed viability. The group of plant traits that are calculated as CWMs covers seed releasingheight, seed dispersal mode, SLA, leaf orientation, month of germination andflowering, Ellenberg’s light in-dicator value, and the proportion of individuals in the classes of competitors and stress tolerators according toGrime's CSR strategy scheme. The group of“non-plant”indicators includes primarily the frequency offlowervisits by beetles, wasps, hoverflies, and bees that have their nests over ground. To detect ecological responsesthat occur for thefirst year since a herbaceous community has been exposed to potentially bioactive RF-EMF, thefirst two indicators groups should be used

"Automatic piano" avec cymbale, mandoline et clochettes / Réalisation Boris et Alain Vian

Comprend : Les hommes : quadrille - La danse - C'est mon homme - En flagrant délitBnF-Partenariats, Collection sonore - BelieveContient une table des matière

The influence of bioactive mobile telephony radiation at the level of a plant community – Possible mechanisms and indicators of the effects

Environmental exposure to radiofrequency electromagneticfields (RF-EMFs) from mobile telephony has rapidlyincreased in the last two decades and this trend is expected to continue. The effects of this exposure at plantcommunity level are unknown and difficult to assess in a scientifically appropriate manner. Such an assessmentcan be scientifically adequate if a studied plant community is completely new and control-impact radiationtreatment is used.In this review we aimed to predict ecological effects and identify indicators of the impact of bioactive RF-EMFs at the mobile telephony frequency range on plant communities. We considered the scenario where a plantcommunity was exposed to radiation generated by a base transmitting station antenna mounted on a nearbymast. This plant community can be represented by mesic meadow, ruderal or arable weed community, or otherherbaceous, moderately productive vegetation type. We concentrated primarily on radiation effects that can berecorded for a year since the exposure started. To predict them we used physical theories of radiowave pro-pagation in vegetation and the knowledge on plants physiological responses to RF-EMF. Our indicators can beused for the detection of the impact of RF-EMFs on vegetation in a control-impact experiment.The identified indicators can be classified into the following groups: (1) canopy parameters; (2) plant char-acteristics to be measured in thefield or laboratory in a number of individuals that represent the populations ofselected species; (3) community weighted means/medians (CWMs) of plant traits and strategies; (4) the abun-dance of other organisms that interact with plants and can influence theirfitness or population size. The group ofcanopy parameters includes mean height, vertical vegetation structure and dry weight of above-ground standingphytomass. Plant characteristics requiring biometric sampling in thefield are plant height, the number of fruitsand seeds, as well as seed viability. The group of plant traits that are calculated as CWMs covers seed releasingheight, seed dispersal mode, SLA, leaf orientation, month of germination andflowering, Ellenberg’s light in-dicator value, and the proportion of individuals in the classes of competitors and stress tolerators according toGrime's CSR strategy scheme. The group of“non-plant”indicators includes primarily the frequency offlowervisits by beetles, wasps, hoverflies, and bees that have their nests over ground. To detect ecological responsesthat occur for thefirst year since a herbaceous community has been exposed to potentially bioactive RF-EMF, thefirst two indicators groups should be used

Plant Responses to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

High frequency nonionizing electromagnetic fields (HF-EMF) that are increasingly present in the environment constitute a genuine environmental stimulus able to evoke specific responses in plants that share many similarities with those observed after a stressful treatment. Plants constitute an outstanding model to study such interactions since their architecture (high surface area to volume ratio) optimizes their interaction with the environment. In the present review, after identifying the main exposure devices (transverse and gigahertz electromagnetic cells, wave guide, and mode stirred reverberating chamber) and general physics laws that govern EMF interactions with plants, we illustrate some of the observed responses after exposure to HF-EMF at the cellular, molecular, and whole plant scale. Indeed, numerous metabolic activities (reactive oxygen species metabolism, α- and β-amylase, Krebs cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, chlorophyll content, terpene emission, etc.) are modified, gene expression altered (calmodulin, calcium-dependent protein kinase, and proteinase inhibitor), and growth reduced (stem elongation and dry weight) after low power (i.e., nonthermal) HF-EMF exposure. These changes occur not only in the tissues directly exposed but also systemically in distant tissues. While the long-term impact of these metabolic changes remains largely unknown, we propose to consider nonionizing HF-EMF radiation as a noninjurious, genuine environmental factor that readily evokes changes in plant metabolism