Propuesta: Plan de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial para SPC S.A.S

EnlaceEl presente trabajo corresponde al desarrollo de un plan de responsabilidad social para la empresa SPC S.A.S ubicada en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, tomando como guía la norma ISO 26000 y su impacto frente a los grupos de interés que tiene la empresa. Para cumplir con el objetivo se utilizaron diferentes herramientas y estrategias que permitieron identificar los elementos, las características y las formas de ética y de responsabilidad social empresarial, orientando los lineamientos para el plan de responsabilidad social. Se seleccionaron dos mecanismos para la recolección de información, la entrevista y la encuesta, que permitieron analizar cada uno de los criterios que fueron seleccionados de la norma ISO 26000, este diagnóstico arrojó como resultado que la empresa SPC S.A.S cumple con la norma aunque su nivel de impacto con los programas y proyectos sociales y ambientales no presentan mayor cobertura ni conocimiento por parte de la comunidad. Con el diseño del marco lógico se establecieron los problemas reales que tiene la empresa frente a la responsabilidad social y ambiental, se definieron los objetivos que deben orientar las prácticas empresariales. Finalmente con el mapa estratégico se diseñaron las estrategias planteadas en el plan de mejora para el cumplimiento de los objetivos.This assessment relies on the development of a proposal for a social responsibility plan. It corresponds to the company SPC S.A.S which is located in the city of Bucaramanaga. The proposal is taken from the guideline standard ISO 26000 and the impact that SPC S.A.S has with the variety of groups that are part of this company. To be able to meet the objective of the identified elements, characteristics and forms of ethics on corporate social responsibility a variety of strategies were used including interviews and surveys. The results allowed the business to develop the social responsibility plan within the company. This diagnosis resulted in the company SPC SAS complying with the standard although their level of impact with social and environmental programs and projects did not present greater coverage or knowledge on that part of the community. Taking these results into account and to guide the company in this process, the logical framework was designed to allow the company to identify its social and environmental responsibility. This allowed the company to be clear about each of these problems to identify the objectives that must guide their business, environmental and social practices. The strategic map is the most useful tool that allowed the company to reanalyse what are the possible solutions for the problems that arise in the social, environmental and economic fields. The strategies presented in the social responsibility improvement plan contain the objectives, indicators, costs and execution times for the company to comply with its legal and social responsibilities, allowing it to obtain great economic benefits and social recognition

Violence in fishing, hunting, and gathering societies of the Atacama Desert coast: A long-term perspective (10,000 BP—AD 1450)

In this study, we examine the long-term trajectory of violence in societies that inhabited the coast of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile using three lines of evidence: bioarchaeology, geoarchaeology and socio-cultural contexts (rock art, weapons, and settlement patterns). These millennia-old populations adopted a way of life, which they maintained for 10,000 years, based on fishing, hunting, and maritime gathering, complementing this with terrestrial resources. We analyzed 288 adult individuals to search for traumas resulting from interpersonal violence and used strontium isotopes 87Sr/86Sr as a proxy to evaluate whether individuals that showed traces of violence were members of local or non-local groups. Moreover, we evaluated settlement patterns, rock art, and weapons. The results show that the violence was invariant during the 10,000 years in which these groups lived without contact with the western world. During the Formative Period (1000 BC-AD 500), however, the type of violence changed, with a substantial increase in lethality. Finally, during the Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000–1450), violence and lethality remained similar to that of the Formative Period. The chemical signal of Sr shows a low frequency of individuals who were coastal outsiders, suggesting that violence occurred between local groups. Moreover, the presence of weapons and rock art depicting scenes of combat supports the notion that these groups engaged in violence. By contrast, the settlement pattern shows no defensive features. We consider that the absence of centralized political systems could have been a causal factor in explaining violence, together with the fact that these populations were organized in small-scale grouping. Another factor may have been competition for the same resources in the extreme environments of the Atacama Desert. Finally, from the Formative Period onward, we cannot rule out a certain level of conflict between fishers and their close neighbors, the horticulturalists

The Oldest Case of Decapitation in the New World (Lapa do Santo, East-Central Brazil)

We present here evidence for an early Holocene case of decapitation in the New World (Burial 26), found in the rock shelter of Lapa do Santo in 2007. Lapa do Santo is an archaeological site located in the Lagoa Santa karst in east-central Brazil with evidence of human occupation dating as far back as 11.7-12.7 cal kyBP (95.4% interval). An ultra-filtered AMS age determination on a fragment of the sphenoid provided an age range of 9.1-9.4 cal kyBP (95.4% interval) for Burial 26. The interment was composed of an articulated cranium, mandible and first six cervical vertebrae. Cut marks with a v-shaped profile were observed in the mandible and sixth cervical vertebra. The right hand was amputated and laid over the left side of the face with distal phalanges pointing to the chin and the left hand was amputated and laid over the right side of the face with distal phalanges pointing to the forehead. Strontium analysis comparing Burial 26's isotopic signature to other specimens from Lapa do Santo suggests this was a local member of the group. Therefore, we suggest a ritualized decapitation instead of trophy-taking, testifying for the sophistication of mortuary rituals among hunter-gatherers in the Americas during the early Archaic period. In the apparent absence of wealth goods or elaborated architecture, Lapa do Santo's inhabitants seemed to use the human body to express their cosmological principles regarding death

Canvass: a crowd-sourced, natural-product screening library for exploring biological space

NCATS thanks Dingyin Tao for assistance with compound characterization. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH). R.B.A. acknowledges support from NSF (CHE-1665145) and NIH (GM126221). M.K.B. acknowledges support from NIH (5R01GM110131). N.Z.B. thanks support from NIGMS, NIH (R01GM114061). J.K.C. acknowledges support from NSF (CHE-1665331). J.C. acknowledges support from the Fogarty International Center, NIH (TW009872). P.A.C. acknowledges support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH (R01 CA158275), and the NIH/National Institute of Aging (P01 AG012411). N.K.G. acknowledges support from NSF (CHE-1464898). B.C.G. thanks the support of NSF (RUI: 213569), the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation, and the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. C.C.H. thanks the start-up funds from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for support. J.N.J. acknowledges support from NIH (GM 063557, GM 084333). A.D.K. thanks the support from NCI, NIH (P01CA125066). D.G.I.K. acknowledges support from the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (1 R01 AT008088) and the Fogarty International Center, NIH (U01 TW00313), and gratefully acknowledges courtesies extended by the Government of Madagascar (Ministere des Eaux et Forets). O.K. thanks NIH (R01GM071779) for financial support. T.J.M. acknowledges support from NIH (GM116952). S.M. acknowledges support from NIH (DA045884-01, DA046487-01, AA026949-01), the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program (W81XWH-17-1-0256), and NCI, NIH, through a Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748). K.N.M. thanks the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease and Glassy Winged Sharpshooter Board for support. B.T.M. thanks Michael Mullowney for his contribution in the isolation, elucidation, and submission of the compounds in this work. P.N. acknowledges support from NIH (R01 GM111476). L.E.O. acknowledges support from NIH (R01-HL25854, R01-GM30859, R0-1-NS-12389). L.E.B., J.K.S., and J.A.P. thank the NIH (R35 GM-118173, R24 GM-111625) for research support. F.R. thanks the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC) for financial support. I.S. thanks the University of Oklahoma Startup funds for support. J.T.S. acknowledges support from ACS PRF (53767-ND1) and NSF (CHE-1414298), and thanks Drs. Kellan N. Lamb and Michael J. Di Maso for their synthetic contribution. B.S. acknowledges support from NIH (CA78747, CA106150, GM114353, GM115575). W.S. acknowledges support from NIGMS, NIH (R15GM116032, P30 GM103450), and thanks the University of Arkansas for startup funds and the Arkansas Biosciences Institute (ABI) for seed money. C.R.J.S. acknowledges support from NIH (R01GM121656). D.S.T. thanks the support of NIH (T32 CA062948-Gudas) and PhRMA Foundation to A.L.V., NIH (P41 GM076267) to D.S.T., and CCSG NIH (P30 CA008748) to C.B. Thompson. R.E.T. acknowledges support from NIGMS, NIH (GM129465). R.J.T. thanks the American Cancer Society (RSG-12-253-01-CDD) and NSF (CHE1361173) for support. D.A.V. thanks the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation, the National Science Foundation (CHE-0353662, CHE-1005253, and CHE-1725142), the Beckman Foundation, the Sherman Fairchild Foundation, the John Stauffer Charitable Trust, and the Christian Scholars Foundation for support. J.W. acknowledges support from the American Cancer Society through the Research Scholar Grant (RSG-13-011-01-CDD). W.M.W.acknowledges support from NIGMS, NIH (GM119426), and NSF (CHE1755698). A.Z. acknowledges support from NSF (CHE-1463819). (Intramural Research Program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH); CHE-1665145 - NSF; CHE-1665331 - NSF; CHE-1464898 - NSF; RUI: 213569 - NSF; CHE-1414298 - NSF; CHE1361173 - NSF; CHE1755698 - NSF; CHE-1463819 - NSF; GM126221 - NIH; 5R01GM110131 - NIH; GM 063557 - NIH; GM 084333 - NIH; R01GM071779 - NIH; GM116952 - NIH; DA045884-01 - NIH; DA046487-01 - NIH; AA026949-01 - NIH; R01 GM111476 - NIH; R01-HL25854 - NIH; R01-GM30859 - NIH; R0-1-NS-12389 - NIH; R35 GM-118173 - NIH; R24 GM-111625 - NIH; CA78747 - NIH; CA106150 - NIH; GM114353 - NIH; GM115575 - NIH; R01GM121656 - NIH; T32 CA062948-Gudas - NIH; P41 GM076267 - NIH; R01GM114061 - NIGMS, NIH; R15GM116032 - NIGMS, NIH; P30 GM103450 - NIGMS, NIH; GM129465 - NIGMS, NIH; GM119426 - NIGMS, NIH; TW009872 - Fogarty International Center, NIH; U01 TW00313 - Fogarty International Center, NIH; R01 CA158275 - National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH; P01 AG012411 - NIH/National Institute of Aging; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation; Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; P01CA125066 - NCI, NIH; 1 R01 AT008088 - National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health; W81XWH-17-1-0256 - Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program; P30 CA008748 - NCI, NIH, through a Cancer Center Support Grant; California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease and Glassy Winged Sharpshooter Board; American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC); University of Oklahoma Startup funds; 53767-ND1 - ACS PRF; PhRMA Foundation; P30 CA008748 - CCSG NIH; RSG-12-253-01-CDD - American Cancer Society; RSG-13-011-01-CDD - American Cancer Society; CHE-0353662 - National Science Foundation; CHE-1005253 - National Science Foundation; CHE-1725142 - National Science Foundation; Beckman Foundation; Sherman Fairchild Foundation; John Stauffer Charitable Trust; Christian Scholars Foundation)Published versionSupporting documentatio

Apéndice 1. Material osteológico recuperado por el proyecto "la Mina", valle de Jequetepeque: Informe preliminar

MATERIAL EXAMINADO La muestra de material óseo recuperado de la excavación de rescate (una tumba Moche disturbada por huaqueros), puede ser dividida en tres partes: Huesos no humanos. Consiste en restos óseos fragmentados de pescados, aves, mamíferos marinos, venados o camélidos, perros domésticos y roedores. Estos restos probablemente no pertenecen a la tumba. Huesos humanos de enterramientos más antiguos. Consiste en huesos humanos, fuertemente mineralizados, de color variado, con quebradur..

9 / Características físicas y biología osteológica de los Moche

INTRODUCCIÓN A pesar de que conocemos la apariencia física general de la gente moche a través de las manos de sus artistas, los restos físicos de sus pobladores han recibido relativamente poca atención por parte de los antropólogos. Hay en realidad pocos datos disponibles sobre las características físicas, demografía y condiciones de salud de los moche, situación sorprendente si se tiene en cuenta la gran cantidad de tumbas excavadas por arqueólogos a lo largo de este siglo. Varios factores h..

PALEONTHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SACRIFICIAL VICTIMS AT THE PYRAMID OF THE MOON, MOCHE RIVER VALLEY, NORTHERN PERU

Gwiazdowski; Michalak; Jan Makowski; Ted Makowski / 2153 S. 13th St.Grayscal

Paleopatología en Sudamérica andina

Paleopathology in Andean South America Over the past one hundred years, paleopathological research has grown from the occasional description of the odd and curious to what is today a dynamic and multidisciplinary field. South American skeletal and mummified remains played a key role in stimulating the development of the discipline in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The past twenty years have witnessed a renewed interest in the paleopathology of prehistoric Andean populations. Recent studies are characterized by growing sophistication in both research methods and theory, and significant advances have been made in understanding diet, disease, and general health patterns in the prehistoric Andean world.Paléopathologie dans l’aire andine sud-américaine En cent ans la paléopathologie, qui ne consistait au départ qu’en descriptions occasionnelles de curiosités, a évolué pour devenir actuellement un domaine de recherches dynamique et multidisciplinaire. Les squelettes et momies andines ont joué un rôle vital dans le développement de cette discipline à la fin du siècle dernier et au début de vingtième siècle. Au cours des vingt dernières années, on a constaté un renouveau d’intérêt pour la paléopathologie des populations andines préhistoriques. Les études récentes sont de plus en plus sophistiquées, aussi bien du point de vue de la méthode de recherche que de la théorie, et des progrès notables ont été faits dans le domaine de la connaissance du régime alimentaire, des maladies et de la santé des sociétés andines préhistoriques.En cien años, la paleopatología ha pasado de ser la ocasional descripción de curiosidades a lo que es hoy, una dinámica disciplina multidisciplinaria. A fines del siglo pasado y principios del presente, el estudio de esqueletos y momias andinos fue clave para su desarrollo. En los últimos veinte años, un renovado interés por la paleopatología andina prehispánica ha logrado avances significativos en el conocimiento de dietas, enfermedades y patrones de salud en general, mediante estudios de creciente sofisticación teórica y metodológica.Verano John W., Lombardi Guido P. Paleopatología en Sudamérica andina. In: Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Études Andines, tome 28, N°1, 1999. pp. 91-121

Impact of Selected Macroeconomic Variables in Economic Growth: Empirical Study in the Philippines

This study investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), household final consumption expenditure (HFCE), gross national income per capita (GNI), and the GDP growth rate in the Philippines. This study uses OLS estimation with annual time series data spanning 1981 to 2021 to assess the impact of these variables on the nation's economic progress. The Philippines' economy has developed significantly in recent years. Because the GDP growth rate is an important indicator of economic progress, policymakers must understand the factors that contribute to it in order to sustain economic growth. The study's findings offer important insights into the drivers of economic progress in the Philippines. Understanding the impact of FDI, HFCE, and GNI per capita on GDP growth rate enables policymakers to make informed decisions that encourage sustainable economic growth and increase the well-being of the entire population

Estudio bioantropológico de los restos humanos del Sector II, Punta Lobos, valle de Huarmey

La evidencia arqueológica del sacrificio humano en la costa norte del Perú continúa incrementándose, tal y como lo muestran los recientes descubrimientos en los valles de los ríos Moche, Chicama y Lambayeque. Los estudios iconográficos y los datos etnohistóricos correspondientes al periodo prehispánico tardío, proveen un marco general en el cual estos descubrimientos pueden ser interpretados. Sin embargo, debe aclararse que durante esta época existió una gran diversidad en las prácticas de sacrificio, la cual no ha sido reconocida previamente. Dicha diversidad incluye características tales como el perfil demográfico de las víctimas sacrificiales, los contextos en los que son encontrados, la presencia o la ausencia de ofrendas asociadas y la forma en que los individuos fueron sacrificados. En cambio, el entierro masivo descubierto recientemente en Punta Lobos posee algunas características únicas que lo distinguen de ejemplos ya conocidos de sacrificios de cautivos y de entierros, tanto dedicatorios como de acompañantes para los dignatarios. En el caso de Punta Lobos, la ausencia de una asociación con algún tipo de arquitectura o de ofrenda, el perfil demográfico de las víctimas y la forma en la que fueron tratados, antes y después de la muerte, sugieren que se trata de una ejecución sumaria masiva, más que de un ritual de sacrificio. Las fechas de radiocarbono indican que este evento es contemporáneo a la expansión sureña del estado Chimú hacia el valle de Huarmey. El entierro masivo de Punta Lobos podría representar una respuesta chimú a la resistencia local.Archaeological evidence of human sacrifice in northern coastal Peru continues to grow, as evidenced by recent discoveries in the Moche, Chicama, and Lambayeque River Valleys. Iconographíc studies and ethnohistoric data from the late prehistoric period provide a general framework in which these discoveries can be interpreted. It is becoming clear, however, that there is greater diversity in sacrificial practices than has been recognized previously. This diversity includes features such as the demographic profile of sacrificial victims, the contexts in which they are found, the presence or absence of associated offerings, and the manner in which victims were sacrificed. A recently discovered mass burial at Punta Lobos shows a number of unique features that distinguish it from other known examples of prisoner sacrifice, dedicatory or retainer burials. In the Punta Lobos case, a lack of association with any architecture or offerings, the demographic profile of the victims, and the way in which they were treated before and after death are more suggestive of a mass summary execution rather than a ritual sacrifice. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the event is contemporary with the southward expansion of the Chimú state into the Huarmey Valley. The Punta Lobos mass burial may represent a Chimú response to local resistame