Sistemas de Información de Administración Financiera (SIAF) en la gobernanza pública inteligente: una exploración del caso colombiano

Financial Management Information Systems (FMIS) are essential for efficient and transparent management of financial resources in the public sector. Due to the scarcity of publications on this topic in Colombia, this article aims to provide a contribution to academia and professionals who work in public finance by examining the importance of systems such as SIIF, CHIP, SIRECI, ÉPICO, SIA Observa, the DNP Investment Map, and the new PIIP platform, among others. Topics such as Smart Public Management (SPM), digital government, the fight against corruption, interoperability, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence (AI) and public marketing are also addressed. The research used an interpretative perspective, based on a theoretical, documentary, descriptive and purposeful type. It also used a qualitative and quantitative approach, which included the application of a survey as an instrument of data collection. At the end of the article, the challenge of improving the interoperability and security of FMIS in the Colombian State is raised, highlighting the importance of training officials in information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as promoting websites and platforms related to state public finances to strengthen transparency and encourage citizen participation.Los sistemas de información de administración financiera (SIAF) son fundamentales para una gestión eficiente y transparente de los recursos financieros en el sector público. Debido a la escasez de publicaciones sobre esta temática en Colombia, este artículo pretende ser un aporte a la academia y a los profesionales que laboran en finanzas públicas al examinar la importancia de sistemas como SIIF, CHIP, Sireci, Épico, SIA Observa, el Mapa de Inversiones del Departamento Nacional de Planeación, la nueva plataforma PIIP, entre otros. También se abordan temas como gestión pública inteligente (GPI), gobierno digital, lucha contra la corrupción, interoperabilidad, ciberseguridad, inteligencia artificial (IA) y marketing público. La investigación ha utilizado una perspectiva interpretativa, de tipo teórico, documental, descriptivo y propositivo, con enfoques cualitativo y cuantitativo a partir de la aplicación de encuestas. Al final del artículo se plantea el desafío de mejorar la interoperabilidad y la seguridad de los SIAF en el Estado colombiano, resaltando la importancia de capacitar a los funcionarios en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), así como promover los sitios web y las plataformas relacionadas con las finanzas públicas estatales para fortalecer la transparencia y fomentar la participación ciudadana

Comportamiento clínico de pacientes graves con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré

It was performed a descriptive, retrospective and transversal study to describe the clinical behavior in 26 patients with the diagnosis of Severe Acute Guillain-Barré Syndrome, they were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Clinical Surgical  University Teaching Hospital "Celia Sánchez Manduley" in Manzanillo, Granma, during the years 2007 and 2008. There were determined the affectations in the members, the osteotendinous areflexia, autonomic dysfunction, afectation of the trunk and the respiratory organs. 65,4% of the patients belonged to the male sex. The average age was about 42.8 years for men and of 37.2 for the women. The white skin (61.5%) prevailed in the sample. There was a great predominance of people from the urban zone (76,9%). 90% of the patients abandoned the hospital with total recovery of the damaged neurological functions, in a period less than four months after the beginning of the motor compromise, besides the sequels occurred in the ones of greater extension of the motor defficit. It was observed a clinical behavior in 14 patients (53,8%), clinical manifestations in the upper and inferior members. It was observed a clinical behavior of 11,5% of the total of patients evaluated and it belonged to 88,5%, when the study of the LCR was included.Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal para describir el comportamiento clínico en 26 pacientes con diagnóstico de Síndrome de Guillain-Barré grave, ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Universitario "Celia Sánchez Manduley", de la ciudad de Manzanillo, provincia de Granma, Cuba, en los años 2007 y 2008. Se determinaron las afectaciones en los miembros, arreflexia osteotendinosa, disfunción autonómica, afectación del tronco y los órganos respiratorios. Correspondieron al sexo masculino el 65,4% de los pacientes. La edad media fue de 42,8 años para los hombres y de 37,2 en las mujeres. El color de piel blanca (61,5%) predominó en la muestra. Existió mayor predominio en personas de la zona urbana (76,9%). El 90% de los pacientes egresó con recuperación total de las funciones neurológicas dañadas, en período inferior a cuatro meses de iniciada la toma motora y las secuelas sucedieron en los de mayor extensión del defecto motor. Se observaron en 14 pacientes (53,8%), manifestaciones clínicas en los miembros superiores e inferiores. Se observó un comportamiento clínico del 11,5% del total de pacientes evaluados y correspondió a un 88,5% al ser incluido el estudio del LCR

The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e. a controlling message) compared to no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly-internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared to the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly-internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing: Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Which is the influence of the French "celebrity journalism" over the political life ? : analysis of the media coverage on politicians through the co-called "celebrity magazines" (1945-2008)

L’objectif de cette recherche est de rendre compte de la constitution de la presse dédiée aux célébrités et d’analyser par ce biais les évolutions de la frontière entre les champs de politique et journalistique. Elle se donne ainsi trois niveaux d’analyse : la constitution d’un sous espace journalistique, la médiatisation professionnels de la politique, et la réception ordinaire de cette presse. Ce faisant, cette thèse participe à cartographier la presse dite « people » dans l’espace social des pratiques culturelles des Français, et à rendre compte des propriétés sociales variées de ses lecteurs. Cette thèse reprend les problématiques amplement discutées comme les logiques du maintien de l’ordre politique, la subordination structurale du champ journalistique envers le champ politique, la politisation ordinaire, ou encore celle de la « crise de la démocratie représentative ». Ce travail pose ainsi que : tout d’abord, la médiatisation des espaces privés des gouvernants n’est pas nouvelle mais qu’elle est soumise à des transformations profondes depuis les années 2000 ; ensuite, qu’elle sous-tend un message idéologique conservateur (au sens où il participe à la reproduction de l’ordre social, de manière socialement différenciée) ; puis, que la médiatisation des gouvernants dépend principalement de leur position politique occupée ; et enfin, que les lecteurs de la presse dite sont répartis dans les couches populaires et moyennes de la population et en conséquence, ont des lectures différenciées des magazines selon leur position sociale. Sont mobilisés principalement : un travail d’archives et une analyse de contenu du corpus (Closer, France Dimanche, Gala, Ici Paris, Paris Match, Point de vue, Public et Voici) ; une objectivation statistique du type AFC. De manière secondaire, une approche de type ethnographique est également mobilisée (des entretiens semi directifs, des observations et des focus groups).The goal of this research is to explore and determine the constitution of a journalistic subfield and to therefore analyze the evolutions between the political and the journalistic fields through 3 levels of analysis : the constitution of the subfield of the celebrity press, the analysis of the (men and women) politicians’ media coverage and the ordinary reception that might come along, in order to show the relative (social) variety of their readers and their producers. This dissertation considers and discusses widely studied questions as the logics of the political order maintaining, the structural subordination of the journalistic field to the political field, the ordinary politicization, or even the “crisis of the representative democracy”. This study aims to show that : first, the media coverage of politicians is not new, but it has taken a particular shape since 2000 ; second, there is an ideological content which longs to reproduce social and political order, in a socially differentiated way (each magazine is adjusted to its specific readership) ; third, the importance given to the coverage depends on each politician’s political position ; and fourth, the readership of these magazines are relatively socially spread among popular and middle classes, and therefore, they declare different readings depending on their social position. In order to achieve these arguments, this research is based on : a work of archives on celebrity magazines since 1945 ; a content analysis on the corpus (Closer, France Dimanche, Gala, Paris Match, Point de Vue, Public et Voici) ; and deep AFC statistical objectification. In a lesser way, an ethnographic approach is taken into account (semi-directive interviews, observations and focus groups)