Speaker emotion can affect ambiguity production

Does speaker emotion affect degree of ambiguity in referring expressions? We used referential communication tasks preceded by mood induction to examine whether positive emotional valence may be linked to ambiguity of referring expressions. In Experiment 1, participants had to identify sequences of objects with homophonic labels (e.g., the animal bat, a baseball bat) for hypothetical addressees. This required modification of the homophones. Happy speakers were less likely to modify the second homophone to repair a temporary ambiguity (i.e., they were less likely to say … first cover the bat, then cover the baseball bat …). In Experiment 2, participants had to identify one of two identical objects in an object array, which required a modifying relative clause (the shark that's underneath the shoe). Happy speakers omitted the modifying relative clause twice as often as neutral speakers (e.g., by saying Put the shark underneath the sheep), thereby rendering the entire utterance ambiguous in the context of two sharks. The findings suggest that one consequence of positive mood appears to be more ambiguity in speech. This effect is hypothesised to be due to a less effortful processing style favouring an egocentric bias impacting perspective taking or monitoring of alignment of utterances with an addressee's perspective

FUNDAMENTO DE LA PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL Y LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL

MONOGRAFÍ

Solidarity: a Key Element in Alternative Food Networks

Alternative food networks (AFN) are self-organized groups of individuals and businesses that form new economic relationships intended to mitigate perceived problems in conventional food systems. These relationships are based on a set of principles and activities that contribute to a feeling of solidarity among participants. A grounded theory approach is used to examine the importance of solidarity in the operations of four AFN projects in the former East Germany. Data collection methods include document analysis and participant observation. Data were analyzed using the qualitative data analysis package Atlas-ti, and include photographs, printed materials, and field notes. Projects investigated include two community supported agriculture projects, one cooperative grocery, and one urban agriculture project. Results show that, although solidarity is explicitly mentioned by actors and official documents from each initiative, the concept is conceived of and implemented differently. Interactions between characteristics of the individuals who create and live out the rules that govern these new relationships, local social, environmental and economic history and current conditions and outside institutions result in complex, evolving socio-ecological systems that ripple out to related sets of actors.

Snackggies

Snackggies, es una empresa ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá cuya actividad económica es la elaboración y distribución de Snacks. Esta pretende entrar al mercado con una línea de productos poco convencional. Su enfoque, es ofrecer alternativas a los niños y jóvenes para que consuman verduras de una manera diferente, rica y agradable. Esto se realizará por medio de la elaboración de chips de verduras con sabor naturales. Con estos productos se busca que los niños y jóvenes disfruten y se diviertan consumiéndolas, pues se conoce que ellos son la población que mayor inconveniente presenta al comerlas y por ende sus padres lo perciben de la misma manera. La característica principal de Snackggies es desarrollar productos saludables comparados con los Chips que ofrece el mercado, pues se usará materia prima de calidad y a esto se le suma la forma de cocción; ya que se utilizará tecnología de aire caliente o AirFryer, cuya función es freír alimentos con una porción mínima de aceite, aportando una cantidad reducida de calorías vacías y grasas trans a los alimentos. Además, son productos creados para la lonchera de los niños y con diseño atractivo para ellos. Para la empresa lanzar al mercado estos productos es muy significativo y gratificante, pues se ha desarrollado durante un año un estudio en el cual se ha venido conociendo tanto al cliente como el consumidor, con el fin de desarrollar un producto que cumpla con sus necesidades y se logre posicionar como una alternativa innovadora para el consumo de verduras.Currently, infant nutrition has become a problem which has been developed different diseases such as obesity, anorexia, bulimia, malnutrition, among others. A cause of that, it begins to appear a need to fight against each of them, which it becomes more relevant. This struggle has been going through organizations. For this reason, it has developed a new generation, which has a thought towards a healthy lifestyle. This includes a balanced diet based on natural food. Over time, families of this new healthy generation do not have enough time to care full of their children. The food alternatives that the market is able to offer become only processed food, which in its content has a different sort of chemicals. For this reason, it turns out to be of poor nutritional quality because the aim is a product easy to carry and eating that not includes healthy ingredients. On the other hand, because of that kind of food given in the markets, children begin to generate bad eating habits, where prefer to eat processed food instead of healthy meal. Leaving aside several important foods, especially vegetables. Following this, in this project it is to cover the problems caused by low consumption of vegetables in children. This will be done through the development of a new alternative of vegetables consumption, which seeks to break the paradigm among children and vegetables. Now this will be through the creation of a product, which easy to eat and most importantly should be delicious and healthy.Universidad del Rosari

Discourses of Masculinity and Femininity in The Hunger Games: "Scarred," "Bloody," and "Stunning"

This article explores how characters in The Hunger Games trilogy are portrayed relative to Connell's gendered discourses of hegemonic masculinity, marginal masculinity, and emphasized femininity. We briefly review the plot of The Hunger Games trilogy and then discuss the ways in which three of the characters are represented with respect to societal gendered discourses, heteronormativity, and the use of violence. We argue that the ways in which these aspects are portrayed relate to the main characters' performance of discourses of hegemonic masculinity (Gale), marginalized masculinity (Peeta), and a complex amalgamation of the two that also draws somewhat on emphasized femininity (Katniss). Finally, we conclude that, while the trilogy could be read as taking a feminist stance with a strong female protagonist, it nonetheless also constrains Katniss in heteronormative ways

Alternative Approaches to Data Architecture and Data Governance: Graduate IT/IS Curriculum Considerations

With data architectures evolving from data warehouses to data lakes to data fabric, there is a pressing need for organizations to upgrade their data management and data governance strategies. A workforce gap appears inevitable as knowledge and skills in these emerging technologies is currently not emphasized in the IT/IS discipline. From an educator’s perspective, the question becomes whether we are preparing our students for this increasingly significant workforce need. A strategic curriculum model to determine when and how to incorporate new technology coverage into the curriculum was applied to the potential implementation of these emerging concepts into our curriculum. The authors examined the alternative approach to data architecture, data management, and data governance, and proposed a new certificate in Data Architecture and Governance to be inserted in the graduate IT/IS curriculum at their school

The challenge of sustaining critique across time and texts: “I never said that” about The Hunger Games

Abstract: This article analyzes how a group of preadolescent girls responded to the novel and film, The Hunger Games (2008; 2012) as explored throughout a series of discussion group sessions. While providing more nuanced interpretations of gender as represented in the novel, the girls were more accepting of normalized heteronormative gender performances in the film adaptation. We argue that these texts simultaneously challenge and reproduce dominant gendered and heteronormative ideas and for the importance of providing all learners with spaces for critical discussion of popular culture texts. RésuméCet article analyse la façon dont un groupe de pré-adolescentes ont réagi au roman et au film The Hunger Games (2008-2012) par une série de discussions en groupe. Bien qu’elles aient des interprétations plus nuancées du genre représenté dans le roman, les jeunes filles acceptaient plus facilement les performances hétéronormatives normalisées selon le genre dans l’adaptation cinématographique. Nous faisons valoir que ces textes remettent en question et reproduisent, simultanément, les idées dominantes hétéronormatives basées sur le genre, ainsi que l’importance d’offrir à tous les apprenants un endroit où ils peuvent discuter de façon critique les textes de la culture populaire

Will the Farm to Fork strategy be effective in changing food consumption behavior? : A health psychology perspective

Food production accounts for one-third of greenhouse gas emissions; the Farm to Fork strategy aims to make food systems more sustainable and healthier to curb the rising global surface temperature. It includes several actions targeting consumer behavior, including increasing the availability of sustainable and healthy products and mandatory nutritional labeling. The actions address relevant psychological mechanisms; however, the outlined actions are vague and based on only a small number of behavioral determinants that may limit effectiveness. The implementation may furthermore benefit from concepts of implementation science to increase acceptability and feasibility to reach its ambitious goals

Advances in magnetic noble metal/iron-based oxide hybrid nanoparticles as biomedical devices

The study of the noble metal magnetic hybrid nanoparticles is a really promising topic from both the scientific and the technological points of views, with applications in several fields. Iron oxide materials which are hybridized with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing interest among researchers because of their cooperative effects on combined magnetic, electronic, photonic, and catalytic activities. This review article contains a summary of magnetic noble metal/iron oxide nanoparticle systems potentially useful in practical biomedical applications. Among the applications, engineered devices for both medical diagnosis and treatments were considered. The preparation to produce different structures, as blends or core-shell structures, of several nanometric systems was also considered. Several characterization techniques available to describe the structure, morphology and different kinds of properties of hybrid nanoparticles are also included in this review.Fil: Sanchez, Laura Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Vera Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin