Identifying Micro Projects for Improvement of E-Readiness of Sri Lanka

This paper focuses on identification of micro projects for improvement of e-readiness of Sri Lanka. First, the proposed strategy by the Government of Sri Lanka is presented. Second, from the proposed strategy, requirement analysis is done to draw a set of requirements, using two approaches: a) E-readiness measurement, b) System analysis using the theory of connection. Third, from the requirements, a set of projects are identified that can improve e-readiness of Sri Lanka; though different types of projects are identified, emphasis is given to micro projects that are people-centric, low-cost, and sustainable

Structures and Technologies for Stepwise Implementation of Adaptive Supply Chain

Falling margins, globalization, and accelerating innovation cycles are forcing businesses to switch from traditional (linear and sequential) supply chains to adaptive supply chain that possess the flexibility needed to respond to the environment in real time. As adaptive supply chains are large and complex, they are built step-wise using structures; structures are a well-defined portion of the system, with carefully defined inputs, outputs, and functions. In addition, the structures must follow common standards, based on common architecture for seamless integration with the rest of the components. In this paper, first, we present the problem of implementing a new iterative-based distribution chain that has four distinctive modules. Second, we present a survey of commonly used structures in some of the wellknown modern supply chain solutions (e.g. stages in SAP, layers in HP Real Time Supply Chain, modules in i2 Six/IBM) is presented. Third, by going through the structures, we present an optimal solution for implementation of the adaptive distribution chain

How E-Ready is E-Sri Lanka?

First, this paper assesses e-readiness of Sri Lanka using a measuring tool that utilizes 52 socio-economic indicators. Second, based on the assessment, this paper suggests methods for improving e-readiness of Sri Lanka. The uniqueness of this paper lies in the quantitative analysis of the e-readiness of Sri Lanka, whereas many other works engage in qualitative exposure

Improving E-Readiness of Sri Lanka with Supplementary Grid Supplied Electric Power

This paper focuses on identification of a micro project for improvement of e-readiness of Sri Lanka. First, the proposed strategy by the Government of Sri Lanka is presented. Second, from the proposed strategy, requirement analysis is done to draw a set of requirements, using two approaches: a) E-readiness measurement, b) System analysis using the theory of connection. Third, from the requirements, a micro project is identified that can improve e-readiness of Sri Lanka; the micro project – supplementary grid supplied electric power – is given priority as this project is people-centric, low-cost, and sustainable

Lithium doped poly(3-hexylthiophene) for efficient hole transporter and sensitizer in metal free quaterthiophene dye treated hybrid solar cells

Abstract This work focuses on the role of Lithium doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) in metal-free quaterthiophene (4T) dye treated Titanium dioxide (TiO2) based hybrid solar cells. The dye treated hybrid solar cells with Lithium doped P3HT showed efficiencies (3.95%) of nearly a factor of four times higher than the pristine P3HT based control TiO2/4T/P3HT devices (1.04%). The enhancement of the efficiency is mainly due to highly efficient charge collection attributed to enhanced charge transport and light harvesting properties of Lithium doped P3HT polymer. The optimized solar cells with Lithium doped P3HT showed a high short circuit current density over 13 mA/cm2, under simulated irradiation of intensity 100 mW/cm2 with AM 1.5 filter. This significant increase in current density in TiO2/4T/doped P3HT solar cell is also confirmed by both the broadened External Quantum Efficiency spectrum and significant photoluminescence quenching upon replacement of pristine P3HT with doped P3HT on 4T dye treated TiO2 electrode. With Lithium doped Spiro-OMeTAD instead of Lithium doped P3HT, similar devices showed efficiencies over 3.30% under simulated irradiation of 100 mW/cm2 with AM 1.5 filter

A Quarterthiophene-Based Dye as an Efficient Interface Modifier for Hybrid Titanium Dioxide/Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) Solar Cells

This work focused on studying the influence of dyes, including a thiophene derivative dye with a cyanoacrylic acid group ((E)-2-cyano-3-(3′,3′′,3′′′-trihexyl-[2,2′:5′,2′′:5′′,2′′′- quaterthiophene]-5-yl) acrylicacid)(4T), on the photovoltaic performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT) solar cells. The insertion of dye at the interface improved the efficiency regardless of the dye used. However, 4T dye significantly improved the efficiency by a factor of three when compared to the corresponding control. This improvement is mainly due to an increase in short circuit current density (JSC), which is consistent with higher hole-mobility reported in TiO2/P3HT nanocomposite with 4T dye. Optical absorption data further revealed that 4T extended the spectral response of the TiO2/P3HT nanocomposite, which could also enhance the JSC. The reduced dark current upon dye insertion ensured the carrier recombination was controlled at the interface. This, in turn, increased the open circuit voltage. An optimized hybrid TiO2/P3HT device with 4T dye as an interface modifier showed an average efficiency of over 2% under-simulated irradiation of 100 mWcm−2 (1 sun) with an Air Mass 1.5 filter

Eco-friendly Egyptian blue (CaCuSi4O10) dye for luminescent solar concentrator applications

This study focuses on synthesizing the heavy metal-free ancient Egyptian blue (EB; CaCuSi4O10) dye using a facile ceramic method for luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) application. XRD, SEM and EDX results confirmed that this well-crystallized material is successfully synthesized. Optical studies revealed that EB has a high Stokes shift and possesses an average lifetime of 110.50 μs with a quantum yield of 12.93%. Finally, an EB-integrated LSC was fabricated that exhibits a power conversion efficiency (η) of 0.15% and an optical conversion efficiency (ηopt) of 1.21%, which are the highest values reported so far using EB.publishedVersio

Enhanced performance of natural dye sensitised solar cells fabricated using rutile TIO2 nanorods

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Due to the lower cost, natural dye molecules are good alternatives for the ruthenium based sensitizers in the dye-sensitized solar cells. In this article, we have reported the natural sensitizer based dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated using TiO2 nanorods. Rutile phase TiO2 nanorods have been synthesized by template free hydrothermal method which results in TiO2 nanorods in the form of acropora corals. These TiO2 nanorods have been sensitized by flowers of Sesbania grandiflora, leaves of Camellia sinensis and roots of Rubia tinctorum. The maximum conversion efficiency of 1.53% has been obtained for TiO2 nanorods based solar cells sensitized with the leaves of Camellia sinensis.The flowers of Sesbania grandiflora and roots of Rubia tinctorum sensitized TiO2 nanorods based solar cells exhibited an efficiency of 0.65% and 1.28% respectivel

Sea grass like arranged TiO2 nanorods sensitized by natural dyes for solar cell applications

Rutile phase sea grass like arranged TiO2 nanorods have been synthesized by low temperature template free hydrothermal method. These TiO2 nanorods have been sensitized by flowers of Sesbania grandiflora, leaves of Camellia sinensis and roots of Rubia tinctorum. The sensitized TiO2 nanorods based films have been used as photoanode in natural dye sensitized solar cells. The films were photoelectrochemically active and the fabricated solar cells had short circuit photocurrent densitiy(JSC) lying in the range of 3.7mAcm-2 to 4.7mAcm-2. The efficiency of the fabricated natural dye sensitized solar cells were found to lie in the range of 0.6% to 1.036% respectively

Hybrid Density Functional Study of Au₂Cs₂I₆, Ag₂GeBaS₄, Ag₂ZnSnS₄, and AgCuPO₄ for the Intermediate Band Solar Cells

We present a comprehensive investigation of the structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of four promising candidates, namely Au2Cs2I6, Ag2GeBaS4, Ag2ZnSnS4, and AgCuPO4, for application in photovoltaic devices based on intermediate band (IB) cells. We perform accurate density functional theory calculations by employing the hybrid functional of Heyd, Scuseria, and Erhzerhof (HSE06). Calculations reveal that IBs are present in all proposed compounds at unoccupied states in the range of 0.34⁻2.19 eV from the Fermi level. The structural and mechanical stability of these four materials are also systematically investigated. Additional peaks are present in the optical spectra of these compounds, as characterised by a broadened energy range and high intensity for light absorption. Our findings, as reported in this work, may provide a substantial breakthrough on the understanding of these materials, and thus help the design of more efficient IB solar devices