34 research outputs found

    Smarandache type functions obtained by duality

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    we extend the Smarandache function from the set N* of positive integers to the set Q of rational

    Crosslinking in the diglycidyl ether oligoepichlorhydrin-piperazine

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    The possibility of acquiring film material from a mixture of oligoepichlorhydrin diglycidylether and piperazyne discussed. The process involves elongation of the chain by means of reaction of the oligomer terminal oxyran cycles with piperazine aminogrups, and the subsequent formation of crosslinked by tertiary amine alongthe chainsalkylation whis chlorometyl dand groups of macromolecules. With this purpose, the model system investigated: epichlorohydrinβˆ’piperidine, epichlorohydrinβˆ’piperazine, oligoetylenglikol glicidyl etherβˆ’piperazine. The possibility of regulating the contributions of reactions of epoxy group and alkylation on crosslinking primary stage is disclosed, as well as material properties. Taking into account the found regularities receive elastic film structured materials with quaternary nitrogen atoms in the nodes. The ratio of tertiary and quaternary structure of nitrogen depends on the process conditions. Films swell in polar solvents and has ion-exchange properties

    БтруктуроутворСння Π² систСмі Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π»Ρ–Ρ†ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅Ρ„Ρ–Ρ€ ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ – ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½

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    The possibility of acquiring film material from a mixture of oligoepichlorhydrin diglycidylether and piperazyne discussed. The process involves elongation of the chain by means of reaction of the oligomer terminal oxyran cycles with piperazine aminogrups, and the subsequent formation of crosslinked by tertiary amine alongthe chainsalkylation whis chlorometyl dand groups of macromolecules. With this purpose, the model system investigated: epichlorohydrinβˆ’piperidine, epichlorohydrinβˆ’piperazine, oligoetylenglikol glicidyl etherβˆ’piperazine. The possibility of regulating the contributions of reactions of epoxy group and alkylation on crosslinking primary stage is disclosed, as well as material properties. Taking into account the found regularities receive elastic film structured materials with quaternary nitrogen atoms in the nodes. The ratio of tertiary and quaternary structure of nitrogen depends on the process conditions. Films swell in polar solvents and has ion-exchange properties.Π‘ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ получСния ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эфира олигоэпихлоргидрина исслСдованы ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы: эпихлоргидрин – ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½, эпихлоргидрин – ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½, Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ эфир олигоэтилСнгликоля – ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½. Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ рСгулирования Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° основных Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стадии структурообразования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ свойств ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. Π‘ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… закономСрностСй ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ эластичныС ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹, Π½Π°Π±ΡƒΡ…Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² полярных растворитСлях ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ свойствами.Π— ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ одСрТання ΠΏΠ»Ρ–Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Ρ–ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρƒ Π½Π° основі ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ– Π³Π»Ρ–Ρ†ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Ρ„Ρ–Ρ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ дослідТСні ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– систСми: Π΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ – ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½, Π΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ – ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½, Π³Π»Ρ–Ρ†ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅Ρ„Ρ–Ρ€ ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π³Π»Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŽ – ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½. Показана ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ внСску основних Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ–ΠΉ стадії структуроутворСння, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ властивостСй ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρƒ. Π— урахуванням Π·Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… закономірностСй ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ– Сластичні ΠΏΠ»Ρ–Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ– ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ, які Π½Π°Π±Ρ€ΡΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Ρƒ полярних Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ… Ρ– ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ–ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½Ρ– властивості

    ΠœΠΠ›ΠžΠ’Π†Π”Π₯ΠžΠ”ΠΠ˜Π™ ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ¦Π•Π‘ ОВРИМАННЯ Π‘Π£Π’Π˜Π›Π€Π•ΠΠžΠ›Π€ΠžΠ ΠœΠΠ›Π¬Π”Π•Π“Π†Π”ΠΠžΠ‡ Π‘ΠœΠžΠ›Π˜ Π”Π›Π― ЗАΠ₯ИБНИΠ₯ ПОКРИВЬ

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    Π— ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— отримання ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ”Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Π΅Π³Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡ— смоли для захисних Π»Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ„Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ дослідТСний процСс кондСнсації ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°-Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Π· ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ– кислому сСрСдовищах Π· використанням ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² – Π°ΠΌΡ–Π°ΠΊΡƒ, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π° Ρ‰Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΡ— кислоти. Π£ якості Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСрСдовища використовували ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρƒ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½Ρ–Ρ… синтСзів Π· урахуванням Π² Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Π²ΠΈΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π². Показана ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ використання ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–. Π—'ясована Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…Ρ–Π΄Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ— Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ– кондСнсації Ρƒ кислому сСрСдовищі. На підставі Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ЯМР 1Н Ρ‚Π° Π†Π§-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– висновки Ρ‰ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ відмінностСй Π»Π°Π½Ρ†ΡŽΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ— Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ синтСзованих ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π²: ΠΊΡ–Π½Ρ†Π΅Π²Ρ– складові Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ» Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π², ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρƒ кислому сСрСдовищі, Ρ” ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ 1, 2, 4-Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ структурами, Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ долю Π·Π²'ΡΠ·ΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… містків ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ Π»Π°Π½Ρ†ΡŽΠ·Ρ– ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ– Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ; ΠΊΡ–Π½Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ складовими Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ… ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π², ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρƒ Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСрСдовищі, Ρ” гідроксимСтилСнові Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ, Π° Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– Π»Π°Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π·Π²'язані ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ містками

    ВизначСння складу ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² стиролу Π· Π΄ΠΈΠ²Ρ–Π½Ρ–Π»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π†Π§-спСктроскопії

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    Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ИК-спСктроскопии для опрСдСлСния Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ кросс-Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² сополимСрах стирола с Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ характСристичСским полосами ΠΌ- ΠΈ ΠΏ-Π΄ΠΈ-Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°.Показана ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ застосування ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π†Π§-спСктроскопії для визначСння частки крос-Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ… стиролу Π· Π΄ΠΈΠ²Ρ–Π½Ρ–Π»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° характСристичними смугами ΠΌ- Ρ– ΠΏ-Π΄ΠΈ-Π²Ρ–Π½Ρ–Π»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ

    Ionexchanged film materials on basis of oligoepichlorohydrined epoxide and piperazine

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    The film materials with ion-exchanged properties on the basis of the polymer, obtained by condensation of oligoepichlorohydrined epoxide and piperazine with the subsequent chemical modification have been synthesized. Compounds which have different thermodynamic affinity with the polymer and each other have been used as modifiers. It has been shown that the possibility of overcoming the lack of compatibility of the components by selection of the order of their combination. The result of the combination can be predicted by the Hildebrand parameter values of the ingredients, intermediate products and prepolymers based on them. The properties of synthesized materials can be adjusted by selection of combinations of chemical modifiers: toluilenediisocyanate, epoxyed soybean oil and tetraethoxysilane.</span

    Π†ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½Ρ– ΠΏΠ»Ρ–Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ– ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° основі ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Споксиду Ρ– ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ

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    The film materials with ion-exchanged properties on the basis of the polymer, obtained by condensation of oligoepichlorohydrined epoxide and piperazine with the subsequent chemical modification have been synthesized. Compounds which have different thermodynamic affinity with the polymer and each other have been used as modifiers. It has been shown that the possibility of overcoming the lack of compatibility of the components by selection of the order of their combination. The result of the combination can be predicted by the Hildebrand parameter values of the ingredients, intermediate products and prepolymers based on them. The properties of synthesized materials can be adjusted by selection of combinations of chemical modifiers: toluilenediisocyanate, epoxyed soybean oil and tetraethoxysilane.Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ»Ρ‘Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ с ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ свойствами Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ кондСнсациСй олигоэпихлоргидринового эпоксида ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Π° с ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ химичСской ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π’ качСствС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ соСдинСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ тСрмодинамичСскоС сродство с ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ прСодолСния нСдостаточной совмСстимости ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Ρ‘ΠΌ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° порядка ΠΈΡ… совмСщСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ совмСщСния ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ значСниям ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π“ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ΄Π΅Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ…Β  ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΈΡ… основС. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ свойства синтСзированных ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ сочСтаний химичСских ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²: Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΈΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π½Π°Ρ‚Π°, эпоксидированного соСвого масла ΠΈ тСтраэтоксисилана.Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Ρ–Π²ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ– ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Π· Ρ–ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ властивостями Π½Π° основі ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρƒ, який ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Споксиду Ρ– ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Π· подальшою Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ. Уякостімодифікаторіввикористаносполуки, Ρ‰ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΡƒΡΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π΄Π½Π΅Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π·ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ. Показано ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ подолання Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π½ΡŒΠΎΡ— сумісності ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² ΡˆΠ»ΡΡ…ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ порядку Ρ—Ρ… суміщСння. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ†ΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ суміщСння ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π·Π° значСннями ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² Π“Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ΄Π΅Π±Ρ€Π°Π½Π΄Π° Ρ–Π½Π³Ρ€Π΅Π΄Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π², ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Ρ–Π² Ρ– ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² Π½Π° Ρ—Ρ… основі. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ властивості синтСзованих ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π²: Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ—Π»Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ–Ρ–Π·ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ, Споксидованої соєвої ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Ρ— Ρ– тСтраСтоксисилану

    ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ состава сополимСров стирола с Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ИК-спСктроскопии

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    Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ИК-спСктроскопии для опрСдСлСния Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ кросс-Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² сополимСрах стирола с Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ характСристичСским полосами ΠΌ- ΠΈ ΠΏ-Π΄ΠΈ-Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°.</p

    A short and validated multiple sclerosis-specific health-related quality of life measurement for routine medical practice

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    Background and purpose: Patient-reported health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) is an essential end-point to assess the efficacy of multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment. Most QoL tools were developed for clinical research, for which measurement accuracy is required, irrespective of ease of use or the human resources needed. In routine medical practice (RMP), time and resources are limited, requiring simple and quick tools. Our objective was to set up a Hr-QoL measurement adapted for patients with MS, and providing an accurate estimate of Hr-QoL, whilst remaining easy to use and interpret in the RMP context. Methods: Literature searches, expert meetings and semi-structured interviews were used to gather relevant items and dimensions of existing scales. Scale development included item reduction and dimension identification through a cross-sectional observational study. The scale was validated on another independent representative sample. Statistically significant dimensions were identified using psychometric procedures, a Rasch polytomous model and iterative confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: From 12 potential dimensions, based on a sample of 331 patients with MS, the backward CFA identified physical, mental and energy dimensions, and item optimization selected 10 items constituting our Hr-QoL scale prototype. Its validity was assessed in an independent study of 457 patients with MS, which provided statistical evidence of reliability, reproducibility in time, invariance with regard to population subgroups and overall fitting with a Rasch polytomous model. Conclusions: Compared with existing alternatives, our 10-item three-dimensional Hr-QoL measurement tool is adapted to RMP, and constitutes an adequate compromise between precision and ease of use in patients with MS. Β© 2013 EFNS

    Predictive models for ART

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    A predictive model is a mathematical expression estimating the probability of pregnancy, by combining predictive variables, or indicators. Its development requires three successive phases: formulation of the model, its validation--internal then external--and the impact study. Its performance is assessed by its discrimination and its calibration. Numerous models were proposed, for spontaneous pregnancies, IUI and IVF, but with rather poor results, and their external validation was seldom carried out and was mainly inconclusive. The impact study-consisting in ascertaining whether their use improves medical practice--was exceptionally done. The ideal ART predictive model is a "Center specific" model, helping physicians to choose between abstention, IUI and IVF, by providing a reliable cumulative rate of pregnancy for each option. This tool would allow to rationalize the practices, by avoiding premature, late, or hopeless treatments. The model would also allow to compare the performances between ART Centers based on objective criteria. Today the best solution is to adjust the existing models to one's own practice, by considering models validated with variables describing the treated population, whilst adjusting the calculation to the Center's performances
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