Pseudomonas aeruginosa prosthetic joint-infection outcomes: Prospective, observational study on 43 patients

ObjectivesAnalysis the outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and of their clinical and microbiological characteristics, surgical strategies and antibiotic treatments.MethodsMonocenter cohort study in a Bone-and-Joint-Infection Referral Center (08/2004 to 10/2018) including all consecutive P. aeruginosa PJIs. Data were extracted from the prospective database, including the following events: relapses, new PJIs, related deaths.ResultsMedian [IQR]: among the 43 patients included (28 females; 72 [63–80] years old; 27 hip, 15 knee, and 1 shoulder PJIs), 29 (67%) had underlying comorbidities, 12 (28%) had previously been treated for another PJI and 9 (21%) had undergone previous surgeries for their P. aeruginosa PJI. Eleven (26%) PJIs were polymicrobial, 16 (37%) strains were wild type, 8 (19%) ciprofloxacin-resistant. PJIs were classified as late chronic (n = 33), early postoperative (n = 9) or acute hematogenous infection (n = 1). Forty patients underwent surgery: 27 one-stage and 5 two-stage exchanges, 3 debridement and implant retention, and 5 other surgical strategies. Antibiotic treatments were: 29 received 41 [37–43] days of combination therapy (IV anti-pseudomonal β-lactam and 3–5 days of amikacin, then β-lactam and oral ciprofloxacin), followed by oral ciprofloxacin for a total of 12 weeks; 10 received only IV antibiotics for 83 [77–86] days, including 37 [32–46] days of combination therapy; 49 days of ceftazidime alone for 1. During follow-up lasting 33 [24–64.5] months, 2 relapses, 3 new PJIs, and 2 related deaths occurred. Thirty-three (82%) patients and 93% of those managed with one-stage exchange experienced no event.ConclusionOutcomes of our cohort’s P. aeruginosa PJIs—predominantly monomicrobial, chronic, ciprofloxacin-susceptible, treated with one-stage exchange and prolonged IV antibiotics—were 82% favorable

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Epidémiologie de la tuberculose et de la résistance aux antituberculeux

Tuberculosis (TB) control is a major global public health issue. We used existing surveillance systems in two countries with different epidemiological profiles of tuberculosis (France and China) to evaluate patient management and antituberculosis drug resistance. In France, we first analyzed primary isoniazid monoresistance according to birth cohorts, demonstrating higher resistance rates among cohorts of young patients born in France. This result suggests recent transmission of such strains in France. Data currently available in the networks do not allow for further analysis to explain this increase (i.e. parental origins, exposure type, circulation of a particular clonal strain). In a second work, we showed that rifampin monoresistance incidence rate was very low (<1%), that its management was heterogeneous, and its treatment success rate not satisfactory. We suggest to implement a program identical to the one established for the management of multidrug resistant TB. In China, using a regional surveillance network, we confirmed that cough and belonging to a vulnerable population were risk factors for delayed diagnosis. The training of healthcare workers and patient's access to healthcare must be improved. Surveillance networks are key tools for collecting data, permitting the establishment of indicators of epidemiological TB characteristics, the basis of tuberculosis control programsLe contrôle de la tuberculose est un enjeu majeur de Santé Publique dans le monde. Nous avons utilisé les systèmes de surveillance mis en place dans deux pays de profil épidémiologique de la tuberculose différent (France et Chine) pour étudier la prise en charge des malades et la résistance aux antituberculeux. En France, nous avons analysé la mono-résistance primaire à l'isoniazide selon les cohortes de naissance et montré des taux de résistance plus élevés parmi les cohortes de jeunes patients nés en France. Ceci suggère une transmission récente de ces souches en France. Les données disponibles actuellement dans les réseaux ne permettent pas d'analyser plus précisément les causes de cette augmentation (origine des parents, type d'exposition, circulation d'un clone particulier ...). Pour ce qui concerne la mono-résistance à la rifampicine, son incidence est très faible (<1%). Nous avons montré que sa prise en charge est très hétérogène et que le taux de succès thérapeutique peut être amélioré. Une réflexion identique à celle qui a eu lieu pour les cas multi résistants doit être mise en place. En Chine, en utilisant un réseau régional, nous avons confirmé que la toux et l'appartenance à des populations vulnérables étaient des facteurs de risque de diagnostic tardif. La formation médicale et l'accès aux structures de soins doivent être améliorés. Les réseaux de surveillance sont des outils clés pour collecter des données permettant de fournir des indicateurs sur les caractéristiques épidémiologiques de la tuberculose sur lesquels vont se baser les programmes de lutte contre la tuberculos

La choroïdite multifocale périphérique idiopathique (une entité ophtalmologique proche de la sarcoïdose ?)

PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Epidémiologie de la tuberculose et de la résistance aux antituberculeux

Le contrôle de la tuberculose est un enjeu majeur de Santé Publique dans le monde. Nous avons utilisé les systèmes de surveillance mis en place dans deux pays de profil épidémiologique de la tuberculose différent (France et Chine) pour étudier la prise en charge des malades et la résistance aux antituberculeux. En France, nous avons analysé la mono-résistance primaire à l isoniazide selon les cohortes de naissance et montré des taux de résistance plus élevés parmi les cohortes de jeunes patients nés en France. Ceci suggère une transmission récente de ces souches en France. Les données disponibles actuellement dans les réseaux ne permettent pas d analyser plus précisément les causes de cette augmentation (origine des parents, type d exposition, circulation d un clone particulier ). Pour ce qui concerne la mono-résistance à la rifampicine, son incidence est très faible (<1%). Nous avons montré que sa prise en charge est très hétérogène et que le taux de succès thérapeutique peut être amélioré. Une réflexion identique à celle qui a eu lieu pour les cas multi résistants doit être mise en place. En Chine, en utilisant un réseau régional, nous avons confirmé que la toux et l appartenance à des populations vulnérables étaient des facteurs de risque de diagnostic tardif. La formation médicale et l accès aux structures de soins doivent être améliorés. Les réseaux de surveillance sont des outils clés pour collecter des données permettant de fournir des indicateurs sur les caractéristiques épidémiologiques de la tuberculose sur lesquels vont se baser les programmes de lutte contre la tuberculoseTuberculosis (TB) control is a major global public health issue. We used existing surveillance systems in two countries with different epidemiological profiles of tuberculosis (France and China) to evaluate patient management and antituberculosis drug resistance. In France, we first analyzed primary isoniazid monoresistance according to birth cohorts, demonstrating higher resistance rates among cohorts of young patients born in France. This result suggests recent transmission of such strains in France. Data currently available in the networks do not allow for further analysis to explain this increase (i.e. parental origins, exposure type, circulation of a particular clonal strain). In a second work, we showed that rifampin monoresistance incidence rate was very low (<1%), that its management was heterogeneous, and its treatment success rate not satisfactory. We suggest to implement a program identical to the one established for the management of multidrug resistant TB. In China, using a regional surveillance network, we confirmed that cough and belonging to a vulnerable population were risk factors for delayed diagnosis. The training of healthcare workers and patient s access to healthcare must be improved. Surveillance networks are key tools for collecting data, permitting the establishment of indicators of epidemiological TB characteristics, the basis of tuberculosis control programsPARIS-BIUSJ-Biologie recherche (751052107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Actualités thérapeutiques en orthopédie septique

This article highlights four recent updates in infectious disease in the management of bone and joint infections (BJI). During the first six weeks of treatment of a BJI, with or without orthopedic implant, oral antimicrobial therapy is as effective as intravenous therapy. For periprosthetic joint infections, a randomized control study failed to demonstrate non-inferiority of 6 versus 12 weeks of antibiotic therapy. In diabetic foot osteomyelitis, a 3-week course of antibiotics appears to be non-inferior to a 6-week course. Phage therapy seems promising in adjunctive therapy of complex BJI.Cet article expose quatre nouveautés thérapeutiques significatives en orthopédie septique. Durant les six premières semaines de traitement d’une infection ostéoarticulaire, avec ou sans matériel, une antibiothérapie per os est aussi efficace qu’une antibiothérapie intraveineuse. Concernant les arthroplasties infectées, il n’y a pas de preuve suffisante à raccourcir le traitement antibiotique à moins de douze semaines. Dans les ostéomyélites de pied diabétique, une antibiothérapie de trois semaines semble non inférieure à une thérapie de six semaines. Finalement, la phagothérapie est prometteuse dans les infections ostéoarticulaires, particulièrement dans les situations d’échec des traitements conventionnels

High Rate of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Carriage and Infection in Hospitalized Returning Travelers: a Cross-Sectional Cohort Study

International audienc