La otra que soy yo. Dobles en la poética de Alejandra Pizarnik

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Filología Hispánica. Curso académico 2019-2020En este estudio se realiza un análisis sobre la identidad y el doble en la poética de Alejandra Pizarnik. En primer lugar, se expone información sobre los aspectos biográficos que afectan de manera directa a su escritura. En segundo lugar, se presenta un breve análisis sobre las distintas manifestaciones de desdoblamiento que utiliza la autora. Posteriormente, se elabora un examen más detallado de este último aspecto y se analizan ejemplos específicos. Para acabar, se extraen las conclusiones pertinentes con el fin de guiar al lector en el acercamiento a la obra. RESUMEN EN INGLÉS: This study consists of an analysis about the identity and the double in Alejandra Pizarnik´s poetics. Firstly, it presents information about the biographical aspects that the affect directly to her writing. Secondly, it present a short analysis about the different manifestations of splitting used by the author. Aftherwards, a more detailed examinations of this last aspect is carried out and specific examples are analyzed. To conclude, relevant conclusions are obtained with the aim of guiding the reader in the approach to the work

¿Revitalización o inhabilitación religiosa en la realidad social posglobalizada? El caso estadounidense y sus problemas

This critical and comparative study combines Religious Sciences, Sociology, Philosophy & Theology (with other Social Sciences and Liberal Arts linked), to offer a holistic view on the role of religion in a post-globalized social reality. It addresses the state of the main social spheres, including religion, with an ontological, epistemological and axiological examination, as well as removing veils of confusion about it. This paper is focused on American/US social reality and its roots, where historical & historiographically the religion has enjoyed great power and presence, but now it is a fuzzy issue on troubles. Este estudio crítico y comparado, combina CC. Religiosas, Sociología, Filosofía y Teología (junto con otras CC. Sociales y Humanidades conexas), para ofrecer una visión holística sobre el papel de la religión en la realidad social posglobalizada. Se aborda el estado de la cuestión de las principales esferas sociales, entre las que destaca la religión, ofreciéndose un examen ontológico, epistemológico y axiológico, además de aprovechar para retirar velos de confusión al respecto. Se enraíza todo ello en la realidad social estadounidense, donde histórica e historiográficamente la religión ha gozado de gran vigor y presencia, pero que hoy se halla difuminada y en dificultades

Unemployment's effects in relationships, in the family atmosphere and in the mental health

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los efectos del desempleo en las relaciones de pareja, en el ambiente familiar y en la salud mental. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta variables como la edad, el sexo, el número de hijos y el tiempo de relación. Para llevar a cabo la presente investigación se ha llevado a cabo con una muestra de 70 personas (35 parejas heterosexuales). Este grupo de sujetos se reparte en cuatro condiciones: ambos empleados, mujer desempleada, hombre desempleado y ambos desempleados. Perteneciendo a cada grupo 12 parejas, 8 parejas, 6 parejas y 9 parejas, respectivamente. Las conclusiones de este estudio indican que la situación laboral no influye ni en las relaciones de pareja ni en el ambiente familiar. Sin embargo, se encuentran efectos significativos en la salud mental.The object of the present study is to analyze the unemployment’s effects in the relationships, in the family atmosphere and in the mental health. For this goal we have considered the next variables: age, gender, number of children and relationship time. We have done the investigation with a sample of 72 people (36 heterosexual couples). This sample is distributed in four conditions: Both unemployed, woman unemployed, man unemployed and both unemployed. Each group had 12 couples, 8 couples, 6 couples and 9 couples, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that the employment situation does not affect the relationships or the family atmosphere. However, there are significant effects on mental health.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) as a modulator of microglial phenotypes in the context of Alzheimer’s disease and brain aging

The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is an evolutionarily conserved zinc-dependent metallopeptidase highly expressed in the brain, where its specific functions remain poorly understood. Besides insulin, IDE is able to cleave many substrates in vitro, including amyloid beta peptides, making this enzyme a candidate pathophysiological link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These antecedents led us to address the impact of IDE absence in hippocampus and olfactory bulb. A specific induction of microgliosis was found in the hippocampus of IDE knockout (IDE-KO) mice, without any effects in neither hippocampal volume nor astrogliosis. Performance on hippocampal-dependent memory tests is influenced by IDE gene dose in 12-month-old mice. Furthermore, a comprehensive characterization of the impact of IDE haploinsufficiency and total deletion in metabolic, behavioral, and molecular parameters in the olfactory bulb, a site of high insulin receptor levels, reveals an unambiguous barcode for IDE-KO mice at that age. Using wildtype and IDE-KO primary microglial cultures, we performed a functional analysis at the cellular level. IDE absence alters microglial responses to environmental signals, resulting in impaired modulation of phenotypic states, with only transitory effects on amyloid-β management. Collectively, our results reveal previously unknown physiological functions for IDE in microglia that, due to cell-compartment topological reasons, cannot be explained by its enzymatic activity, but instead modulate their multidimensional response to various damaging conditions relevant to aging and AD conditions."Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant for the training of young doctors"/Ministerio de Universidades Predoctoral fellowship/Universidad de Valladolid PID2019-110496RB-C21/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-110911RB-I00/AEI/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación VA086G18/Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y Leó

Apolipoprotein E imbalance in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's disease patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) apolipoprotein E (apoE) species in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Methods: We analyzed two CSF cohorts of AD and control individuals expressing different APOE genotypes. Moreover, CSF samples from the TgF344-AD rat model were included. Samples were run in native- and SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions (with or without β-mercaptoethanol). Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry or western blotting analyses served to assess the identity of apoE complexes. Results: In TgF344-AD rats expressing a unique apoE variant resembling human apoE4, a ~35-kDa apoE monomer was identified, increasing at 16.5 months compared with wild-types. In humans, apoE isoforms form disulfide-linked dimers in CSF, except apoE4, which lacks a cysteine residue. Thus, controls showed a decrease in the apoE dimer/monomer quotient in the APOE ε3/ε4 group compared with ε3/ε3 by native electrophoresis. A major contribution of dimers was found in APOE ε3/ε4 AD cases, and, unexpectedly, dimers were also found in ε4/ε4 AD cases. Under reducing conditions, two apoE monomeric glycoforms at 36 kDa and at 34 kDa were found in all human samples. In AD patients, the amount of the 34-kDa species increased, while the 36-kDa/34-kDa quotient was lower compared with controls. Interestingly, under reducing conditions, a ~100-kDa apoE complex, the identity of which was confirmed by mass spectrometry, also appeared in human AD individuals across all APOE genotypes, suggesting the occurrence of aberrantly resistant apoE aggregates. A second independent cohort of CSF samples validated these results. Conclusion: These results indicate that despite the increase in total apoE content the apoE protein is altered in AD CSF, suggesting that function may be compromised

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cancer mortality in younger patients

Objective: The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cancer mortality has scarcely been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate whether OSA is associated with increased cancer mortality in a large cohort of patients with OSA suspicion. Methods: This was a multicenter study in consecutive patients investigated for suspected OSA. OSA severity was measured by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the hypoxemia index (% night-time spent with oxygen saturation <90%, TSat₉₀). The association between OSA severity and cancer mortality was assessed using Cox's proportional regression analyses after adjusting for relevant confounders. Results: In all, 5427 patients with median follow-up of 4.5 years were included. Of these, 527 (9.7%) were diagnosed with cancer. Log-transformed TSat₉₀ was independently associated with increased cancer mortality in the entire cohort (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.42), as well as in the group of patients with cancer (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.41). The closest association was shown in patients <65years in both the AHI (continuous log-transformed AHI: HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.1-3.2; upper vs lower AHI tertile: HR, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.14-3.64) and the TSat₉₀ (continuous log-transformed TSat₉₀: HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.23-2.4; upper vs. lower TSat₉₀ tertile: HR, 14.4; 95% CI, 1.85-111.6). Conclusions: OSA severity was associated with increased cancer mortality, particularly in patients aged <65 years.Funding source: (058/2011) Spanish Respiratory Society (SEPAR)

Cultura urbana en televisión. Programa cultural realizado por profesores y alumnos de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información

Con un enfoque para la docencia que plantea una universidad basada en el entusiasmo y en la participación a través de un modelo de aprendizaje que motive y sepa entusiasmar a los estudiantes, planteamos como proyecto de innovación para mejora de la calidad docente la creación de un programa de televisión sobre la cultura urbana vinculado a las asignaturas de: - "Producción y realización publicitaria" (Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas) - "Realización publicitaria" (Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual) - "Dirección cinematográfica" (Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual) - "Realización televisiva" (Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual) Y a los TFG relacionados con las áreas de conocimiento de realización y producción.Se crearían tres categorías en las que los alumnos podrían participar con sus trabajos: rodajes,reportajes audiovisuales y reportajes fotográficos y spots publicitarios. Los alumnos, tras haber pasado por alguna de las asignaturas o TFG propuestos, con sus respectivas prácticas, ya tienen un training que les capacita para sacar adelante un trabajo colaborativo, un proyecto y además les forma en las competencias profesionales necesarias para el trabajo en equipo. Además, el proyecto incluye la creación de una web y un laboratorio audiovisual (que ya está en marcha) para la difusión de los trabajos presentados y como herramienta para ampliar la proyección profesional y académica de los alumnos. El reto es poner Internet al servicio de la capacidad creativa y técnica de los estudiantes como fórmula para descubrir el nuevo talento, para poder experimentar con un nuevo medio al alcance de todos, y para conseguir una muy amplia difusión. Internet, lo interactivo, lo virtual y lo on-line serían las grandes herramientas para la realización de este proyecto. Es una experiencia de trabajo en el que varias asignaturas se unen y en el que la planificación y la nota final de cada una de las asignaturas se consolidan un proyecto real para dar a conocer el funcionamiento del mundo laboral. Es un proyecto de integración de varias asignaturas que suman un conjunto de experiencias en los que la innovación es la primera premisa

Immunocompromised Children and Young Patients Living with Pets: Gaps in Knowledge to Avoid Zoonosis

10 Pág.Background and Objectives. Although pets are known to be benefcial for children, they could also imply risks for immunocompromised ones. We report the prevalence of children and young patients living with pets in a cohort of immunosuppressed pediatric patients and describe risk behaviors for acquiring zoonosis and compliance with veterinary recommendations. Methods. A cross-sectional, ob-servational study was performed in a large tertiary hospital in Madrid, including immunosuppressed patients from diferent regions of Spain. Te participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Results. Two hundred and eighty-four responses were received: 62.3% solid organ transplantation (177/284), 22.8% hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (65/284), and 14.8% inborn errors of immunity (42/284). Te median age was 11 years (interquartile range 5.9–15.4), and 55% were boys (156/284). Up to 45% (130/284) of the respondents lived with 201 pets (74% of them dogs and cats). Half of the patients owning dogs or cats did not comply with at least one of the recommendations regarding vaccination, deworming, feeding, and/or veterinarian recommended controls. Te poorest fndings were related to deworming regimens. Only 42.8% (117/273) of the participants received specifc recommendations from their healthcare professionals about companion animals. However, up to 97% of the families considering acquiring a pet did so when the professional did not contraindicate it (31/32), while 72% of the families having pets got rid of their pets when they were advised against animals (8/11). Conclusions. Pet ownership is frequent among immunocompromised children. Tey presented risky exposures for acquiring zoonoses, and basic veterinary recommendations were not frequently followed. Te opinion of professionals signifcantly infuenced the decision to acquire pets, but less than half of the families received recommendations in this regard.This study was supported by the Spanish Pediatrics Association (AEP) 2021 Research Grant and by the MAPFRE Foundation (“Research grants by Ignacio H. de Larramendi 2021”). TS has been funded by Carlos III Health Institute-Fondos Feder (BAE21/00022).Peer reviewe

Genetic landscape of 6089 inherited retinal dystrophies affected cases in Spain and their therapeutic and extended epidemiological implications

ESRETNET Study Group, The ERDC Study Group, The Associated Clinical Study Group.Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), defined by dysfunction or progressive loss of photoreceptors, are disorders characterized by elevated heterogeneity, both at the clinical and genetic levels. Our main goal was to address the genetic landscape of IRD in the largest cohort of Spanish patients reported to date. A retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 6089 IRD affected individuals (from 4403 unrelated families), referred for genetic testing from all the Spanish autonomous communities. Clinical, demographic and familiar data were collected from each patient, including family pedigree, age of appearance of visual symptoms, presence of any systemic findings and geographical origin. Genetic studies were performed to the 3951 families with available DNA using different molecular techniques. Overall, 53.2% (2100/3951) of the studied families were genetically characterized, and 1549 different likely causative variants in 142 genes were identified. The most common phenotype encountered is retinitis pigmentosa (RP) (55.6% of families, 2447/4403). The most recurrently mutated genes were PRPH2, ABCA4 and RS1 in autosomal dominant (AD), autosomal recessive (AR) and X-linked (XL) NON-RP cases, respectively; RHO, USH2A and RPGR in AD, AR and XL for non-syndromic RP; and USH2A and MYO7A in syndromic IRD. Pathogenic variants c.3386G > T (p.Arg1129Leu) in ABCA4 and c.2276G > T (p.Cys759Phe) in USH2A were the most frequent variants identified. Our study provides the general landscape for IRD in Spain, reporting the largest cohort ever presented. Our results have important implications for genetic diagnosis, counselling and new therapeutic strategies to both the Spanish population and other related populations.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS; PI16/00425 and PI19/00321), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, 06/07/0036), IIS-FJD BioBank (PT13/0010/0012), Comunidad de Madrid (CAM, RAREGenomics Project, B2017/BMD-3721), European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), the Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles (ONCE), Fundación Ramón Areces, Fundación Conchita Rábago and the University Chair UAM-IIS-FJD of Genomic Medicine. Irene Perea-Romero is supported by a PhD fellowship from the predoctoral Program from ISCIII (FI17/00192). Ionut F. Iancu is supported by a grant from the Comunidad de Madrid (CAM, PEJ-2017-AI/BMD7256). Marta del Pozo-Valero is supported by a PhD grant from the Fundación Conchita Rábago. Berta Almoguera is supported by a Juan Rodes program from ISCIII (JR17/00020). Pablo Minguez is supported by a Miguel Servet program from ISCIII (CP16/00116). Marta Corton is supported by a Miguel Servet program from ISCIII (CPII17/00006)

From Magma Source to Volcanic Sink Under Tagoro Volcano (El Hierro, Canary Islands): Petrologic, Geochemical and Physiographic Evolution of the 2011–2012 Submarine Eruption

Active volcanoes are key laboratories to carry out detailed research -and monitoring- about the history of magmas before, during and after eruptions. Tagoro, the submarine active volcano at El Hierro Island (Canary archipelago), is a highly favorable case to assess and monitor its daily ongoing behaviour, as well as to study the links between the processes of magma genesis occurring at depth and their derived eruptive events at the surface. In this interdisciplinary research we combine new results of classical petrology (petrography, geochemistry, and thermodynamics) on the volcanic products expelled by Tagoro during the 2011–2012 eruption, with a high-resolution (5 m grid) bathymetry model carried out during 2017, and recent data from magnetometry, to refine the current knowledge of this eruption. Our results mainly reveal (i) slight magma differentiation and mixing processes at c. 12 km depth during a continuous eruptive pulse; (ii) a similar magmatic evolution and residence times at depth between previous and 2011–2012 eruptions on the island; (iii) an insignificant interaction of external fluids with the magma at depth or within the ascent conduit; (iv) a present-day magnetometric anomaly under the Tagoro’s area; (v) a minimum volume estimate for the magma withdrawn from the plumbing system at depth.This research was possible thanks to: (i) the funds provided by the MINECO and FEDER through the project VULCANO I (CTM2012-36317) and the project VULCANA (Vulcana-IEO-2015-2017) funded by the Spanish Institute of Oceanography, both granted to E.F.-N., that provided the oceanographic instruments, cruise and samples; (ii) the funds provided by the MINECO and MEC grants (Spanish Government) to A.M.A.-V. through the programs EXPLORA-CIENCIA (CGL2014—61775-EXP; MINECO), José Castillejo (CAS14-00189; MEC), and Programa Propio mod. 1B—2019 (USAL). J.M. is supported by EC Grant EVE (DG ECHO H2020 826292). A.P S is grateful for his PhD grant “Programa Propio III Universidad de Salamanca, cofounded by Banco de Santander”. H.A. is a Serra Húnter Lecturer Professor at the University of Barcelona. A-V specially thanks all the colleagues and friends who made possible this research starting from the ones designing the oceanographic campaigns, to those sharing their work on the vessel’s deck and acoustic lab, or carrying out geochemical analysis, as well as the undergraduate and graduate students involved in the research (some developing their master and graduate theses at USAL, e.g. I.N. and N.G., respectively). We also thank the careful and in-depth reviews by D. González García, an anonymous reviewer and editor. This research is also part of the PTI VOLCAN research initiatives.Peer reviewe