Communication en oncologie: la communication adaptée de l'infirmière pour répondre aux besoins des patients atteints de cancer recevant des mauvaises nouvelles

L’annonce de mauvaises nouvelles relatives au cancer est une pratique courante dans les milieux de soins aigus. Cette maladie évoque la mort et provoque des sentiments négatifs au sein de toute la population. Dans ce contexte, les infirmières ont un rôle communicationnel important à jouer dans la fourniture d’informations et la gestion des émotions auprès des patients cancéreux

Les barrières et facilitateurs à l'adhésion thérapeutique pour les femmes souffrant du cancer du sein recevant un traitement systémique oral: une revue de littérature étoffée

Le cancer du sein est l’un des cancers les plus fréquents chez la femme et son incidence ne cesse de croître. Suite à ce constat, des progrès considérables ont été réalisés en termes de traitements anticancéreux, tels que les traitements oraux. Ces derniers demandent à la personne d’être rigoureuse et responsable dans sa prise de traitement

Luneburg lens in silicon photonics

The Luneburg lens is an aberration-free lens that focuses light from all directions equally well. We fabricated and tested a Luneburg lens in silicon photonics. Such fully-integrated lenses may become the building blocks of compact Fourier optics on chips. Furthermore, our fabrication technique is sufficiently versatile for making perfect imaging devices on silicon platforms. (C) 2011 Optical Society of AmericaPublisher PDFPeer reviewe

RAD51 Foci as a Biomarker Predictive of Platinum Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer

Biomarker predictive; Chemotherapy; Ovarian cancerBiomarcador predictiu; Quimioteràpia; Càncer d'ovariBiomarcador predictivo; Quimioterapia; Cáncer de ovarioPurpose: To determine the ability of RAD51 foci to predict platinum chemotherapy response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patient-derived samples. Experimental Design: RAD51 and γH2AX nuclear foci were evaluated by immunofluorescence in HGSOC patient-derived cell lines (n = 5), organoids (n = 11), and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples (discovery n = 31, validation n = 148). Samples were defined as RAD51-High if >10% of geminin-positive cells had ≥5 RAD51 foci. Associations between RAD51 scores, platinum chemotherapy response, and survival were evaluated. Results: RAD51 scores correlated with in vitro response to platinum chemotherapy in established and primary ovarian cancer cell lines (Pearson r = 0.96, P = 0.01). Organoids from platinum-nonresponsive tumors had significantly higher RAD51 scores than those from platinum-responsive tumors (P < 0.001). In a discovery cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to have a pathologic complete response (RR, 5.28; P < 0.001) and to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P = 0.05). The RAD51 score was predictive of chemotherapy response score [AUC, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78–1.0; P < 0.001). A novel automatic quantification system accurately reflected the manual assay (92%). In a validation cohort, RAD51-Low tumors were more likely to be platinum-sensitive (RR, ∞; P < 0.001) than RAD51-High tumors. Moreover, RAD51-Low status predicted platinum sensitivity with 100% positive predictive value and was associated with better progression-free (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33–0.85; P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25–0.75; P = 0.003) than RAD51-High status. Conclusions: RAD51 foci are a robust marker of platinum chemotherapy response and survival in ovarian cancer. The utility of RAD51 foci as a predictive biomarker for HGSOC should be tested in clinical trials.This work was supported by the following entities: M. Mullen reports funding from the Reproductive Scientist Development Program (RSDP) supported by the Gynecologic Oncology Group Foundation, Washington University School of Medicine Division of Physician Scientists Dean's Scholar Program, and grant 2021265 from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation through the COVID-19 Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists collaborative grant program. D. Khabele reports funding from RO1CA243511, University of Kansas Cancer Center P30 CA168524. D.G. Mutch reports funding from Washington University School of Medicine grant 5U1-CA180860–04

Visual activation of auditory cortex reflects maladaptive plasticity in cochlear implant users

Cross-modal reorganization in the auditory cortex has been reported in deaf individuals. However, it is not well understood whether this compensatory reorganization induced by auditory deprivation recedes once the sensation of hearing is partially restored through a cochlear implant. The current study used electroencephalography source localization to examine cross-modal reorganization in the auditory cortex of post-lingually deafened cochlear implant users. We analysed visual-evoked potentials to parametrically modulated reversing chequerboard images between cochlear implant users (n = 11) and normal-hearing listeners (n = 11). The results revealed smaller P100 amplitudes and reduced visual cortex activation in cochlear implant users compared with normal-hearing listeners. At the P100 latency, cochlear implant users also showed activation in the right auditory cortex, which was inversely related to speech recognition ability with the cochlear implant. These results confirm a visual take-over in the auditory cortex of cochlear implant users. Incomplete reversal of this deafness-induced cortical reorganization might limit clinical benefit from a cochlear implant and help explain the high inter-subject variability in auditory speech comprehensio

Mythology and the Movies, Vol. 1

In this course, Mythology and the Movies, students were assigned the creation of a four page comic book. Many of the students were unfamiliar with comic books but learned in the class how the visual sequence of images in a comic is very much like that in a movie. The project had to use either the Harry Potter movies or the Twilight movies as the basis for an original myth that investigated a mythological theme: chaos, creation, time, the quest, metamorphosis, difference, or the Other . Each comic was an exercise in rethinking these universes and using the characters and setting in a new, mythological context.https://repository.upenn.edu/showcase_comics/1023/thumbnail.jp

Mate preferences for warmth-trustworthiness predict romantic attraction in the early stages of mate selection and satisfaction in ongoing relationships

Ministry of Education, Singapore under its Academic Research Funding Tier

Better Pumps: Reliable Handpump Infrastructure

Approximately 90 million people in Africa lack access to safe drinking water, despite having water infrastructure installed in their community. The India Mark II and the Afridev handpumps are among the most widely used handpumps in the world. Sadly, studies show that approximately 30% of these handpumps are non-operational due to failures of the bearings, seals, head flange, and other common components. The Better Pumps team of the Collaboratory provides engineering support for partners who are working to improve handpump sustainability. We partnered with Tony Beers and AlignedWorks to validate a bearing test methodology for the India Mark II handpump. By modifying the loading conditions in our handpump test machine, we were able to replicate failures observed by AlignedWorks in a field trial of their bearing design. We partnered with Matt Schwiebert and Living Water International to test new seal designs for the India Mark II and Afridev handpumps and to measure head flange deflections in the India Mark II handpump. Seal performance data collected by the team was used to validate a new design in advance of field trials by Living Water International. Head flange deflection data was collected for partner benchmarking of their computational analysis. Test methodologies and results are reported.https://mosaic.messiah.edu/engr2021/1000/thumbnail.jp

Gynecologic oncology patient perspectives and knowledge on advance care planning: A quality improvement intervention

OBJECTIVES: Assess and improve advance care planning (ACP) awareness and uptake among gynecologic oncology patients. METHODS: Using a quality improvement Plan-Do-Check-Act framework, we completed a single institution needs assessment and intervention. The needs assessment was a 26-question survey assessing baseline ACP knowledge and preferences of gynecologic oncology patients. We used this survey to implement an outpatient intervention in which patients were offered ACP resources (pamphlet, discussion with their gynecologic oncologist, and/or social work referral). We conducted a post-intervention survey among patients who had and had not received ACP resource(s) to assess whether our intervention increased ACP knowledge, discussions, or uptake. RESULTS: Among 106 patients surveyed in the needs assessment, 33 % had ACP documents, 26 % had discussed ACP with a physician, and 82 % thought discussing ACP was important. The majority preferred these conversations in the outpatient setting (52 %) with their gynecologic oncologist (80 %) instead of nurses or trainees. In the intervention, 526 patients were offered ACP resources. Compared to women who did not receive resources (n = 324), patients who received ACP resource(s) (n = 202) were more likely to have ACP discussions with their gynecologic oncologist (38 % vs 68 %, CONCLUSIONS: ACP uptake among gynecologic oncology patients is low, but ACP discussions with an oncologist during outpatient visits are important to patients and improve their knowledge regarding completing ACP documents