Fluctuation-Induced Interactions Between Ellipsoidal Particle and Planar Substrate Immersed in Critical Medium

In our study we investigate the behaviour of the net force (NF) emerging between an ellipsoidal particle and a thick plate (slab), when the interaction takes place in a near critical fluid medium with account for the omnipresent van der Waals forces (vdWF). Here we consider the case of complete wetting of the objects surfaces by the medium, due to strong adsorbing local surface potentials, exerted by thin solid coating films. The influence of the bulk inner regions of the particle and the slab on the constituents of the fluid results in long-ranged competing dispersion potentials. As a consequence from the critical fluctuations of the medium, the system experiences an additional effective interaction, traditionally termed critical Casimir force (CCF). The forces of interest are evaluated numerically from integral expressions obtained utilizing general scaling arguments and mean-field type calculations in combination with the so-called "surface integration approach" (SIA). Within the scenario considered here, this technique is applicable if one has knowledge of the forces between two parallel semi-infinite plates, confining in between some fluctuating fluid medium characterized by its temperature $T$ and chemical potential $\mu$. It is demonstrated that for a suitable set of particle-fluid, slab-fluid, and fluid-fluid coupling parameters the competition between the effects due to the coatings and the core regions of the objects result, when one changes $T$ or $\mu$, in {\it sign change} of the NF acting between the ellipsoid and the slab.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figues. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.0491

Polynomial Bundles and Generalised Fourier Transforms for Integrable Equations on A.III-type Symmetric Spaces

A special class of integrable nonlinear differential equations related to A.III-type symmetric spaces and having additional reductions are analyzed via the inverse scattering method (ISM). Using the dressing method we construct two classes of soliton solutions associated with the Lax operator. Next, by using the Wronskian relations, the mapping between the potential and the minimal sets of scattering data is constructed. Furthermore, completeness relations for the 'squared solutions' (generalized exponentials) are derived. Next, expansions of the potential and its variation are obtained. This demonstrates that the interpretation of the inverse scattering method as a generalized Fourier transform holds true. Finally, the Hamiltonian structures of these generalized multi-component Heisenberg ferromagnetic (MHF) type integrable models on A.III-type symmetric spaces are briefly analyzed

Monitoring the effect of therapy on a patient with a neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas with PET/CT, 68Ga-DOTATATE - case report

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are a rare diagnosis, often without symptoms or mimicking other different symptoms. Тhey are a heterogeneous group of tumors derived from neuroendocrine cells, most commonly of the gastrointestinal tract, but may originate also from other organs including the pancreas, lungs, ovaries, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands (3). Due to the difficult diagnosis, NET‘s are detected at a late stage in their development, often already locally advanced or metastasized. PET/CT with 68Gallium DOTATATE proved to be an effective imaging method not only for the primary diagnosis of NET and subsequent therapeutic behavior, but also for evaluating the effect of the treatment. (1) We present a case of a positive PET/CT scan, performed with Ga-68 DOTATATE in the topical location of the tail of the pancreas after therapy with Sandostain lar

Dispersion-Independent Terahertz Classification Based on Geometric Algebra for Substance Detection

We demonstrate and validate Geometric Algebra (GA) based terahertz (THz) signal classification of various powders in tablet form of various thicknesses, and compare the results with a conventional Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach. By using geometric algebra we can perform classification independently of dispersion and hence independently of the transmission path length through the sample. In principle, it may be possible to extend the GA coordinate-free transformation to other types of pulsed signals, such as pulsed microwaves or even acoustic signals in such fields as seismology. The classifier is available for download at Github, https://github.com/swuzhousl/Shengling-zhou/blob/geometric-algebra-classifier/GAclassifier

On the (Non)-Integrability of KdV Hierarchy with Self-consistent Sources

Non-holonomic deformations of integrable equations of the KdV hierarchy are studied by using the expansions over the so-called "squared solutions" (squared eigenfunctions). Such deformations are equivalent to perturbed models with external (self-consistent) sources. In this regard, the KdV6 equation is viewed as a special perturbation of KdV equation. Applying expansions over the symplectic basis of squared eigenfunctions, the integrability properties of the KdV hierarchy with generic self-consistent sources are analyzed. This allows one to formulate a set of conditions on the perturbation terms that preserve the integrability. The perturbation corrections to the scattering data and to the corresponding action-angle variables are studied. The analysis shows that although many nontrivial solutions of KdV equations with generic self-consistent sources can be obtained by the Inverse Scattering Transform (IST), there are solutions that, in principle, can not be obtained via IST. Examples are considered showing the complete integrability of KdV6 with perturbations that preserve the eigenvalues time-independent. In another type of examples the soliton solutions of the perturbed equations are presented where the perturbed eigenvalue depends explicitly on time. Such equations, however in general, are not completely integrable.Comment: 16 pages, no figures, LaTe

On integrable wave interactions and Lax pairs on symmetric spaces

Multi-component generalizations of derivative nonlinear Schrödinger (DNLS) type of equations having quadratic bundle Lax pairs related to Z2-graded Lie algebras and A.III symmetric spaces are studied. The Jost solutions and the minimal set of scattering data for the case of local and nonlocal reductions are constructed. The latter lead to multi-component integrable equations with CPT-symmetry. Furthermore, the fundamental analytic solutions (FAS) are constructed and the spectral properties of the associated Lax operators are briefly discussed. The Riemann–Hilbert problem (RHP) for the multi-component generalizations of DNLS equation of Kaup–Newell (KN) and Gerdjikov–Ivanov (GI) types is derived. A modification of the dressing method is presented allowing the explicit derivation of the soliton solutions for the multi-component GI equation with both local and nonlocal reductions. It is shown that for specific choices of the reduction these solutions can have regular behavior for all finite x and t. The fundamental properties of the multi-component GI equations are briefly discussed at the end

Heroes and villains of world history across cultures

© 2015 Hanke et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedEmergent properties of global political culture were examined using data from the World History Survey (WHS) involving 6,902 university students in 37 countries evaluating 40 figures from world history. Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis techniques found only limited forms of universality in evaluations across Western, Catholic/Orthodox, Muslim, and Asian country clusters. The highest consensus across cultures involved scientific innovators, with Einstein having the most positive evaluation overall. Peaceful humanitarians like Mother Theresa and Gandhi followed. There was much less cross-cultural consistency in the evaluation of negative figures, led by Hitler, Osama bin Laden, and Saddam Hussein. After more traditional empirical methods (e.g., factor analysis) failed to identify meaningful cross-cultural patterns, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify four global representational profiles: Secular and Religious Idealists were overwhelmingly prevalent in Christian countries, and Political Realists were common in Muslim and Asian countries. We discuss possible consequences and interpretations of these different representational profiles.This research was supported by grant RG016-P-10 from the Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange (http://www.cckf.org.tw/). Religion Culture Entropy China Democracy Economic histor

Nonlocal Reductions of the Ablowitz–Ladik Equation

Our purpose is to develop the inverse scattering transform for the nonlocal semidiscrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation (called the Ablowitz–Ladik equation) with PT symmetry. This includes the eigenfunctions (Jost solutions) of the associated Lax pair, the scattering data, and the fundamental analytic solutions. In addition, we study the spectral properties of the associated discrete Lax operator. Based on the formulated (additive) Riemann–Hilbert problem, we derive the one- and two-soliton solutions for the nonlocal Ablowitz–Ladik equation. Finally, we prove the completeness relation for the associated Jost solutions. Based on this, we derive the expansion formula over the complete set of Jost solutions. This allows interpreting the inverse scattering transform as a generalized Fourier transform

“Heroes” and “Villains” of world history across cultures

Emergent properties of global political culture were examined using data from the World History Survey (WHS) involving 6,902 university students in 37 countries evaluating 40 figures from world history. Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis techniques found only limited forms of universality in evaluations across Western, Catholic/Orthodox, Muslim, and Asian country clusters. The highest consensus across cultures involved scientific innovators, with Einstein having the most positive evaluation overall. Peaceful humanitarians like Mother Theresa and Gandhi followed. There was much less cross-cultural consistency in the evaluation of negative figures, led by Hitler, Osama bin Laden, and Saddam Hussein. After more traditional empirical methods (e.g., factor analysis) failed to identify meaningful cross-cultural patterns, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify four global representational profiles: Secular and Religious Idealists were overwhelmingly prevalent in Christian countries, and Political Realists were common in Muslim and Asian countries. We discuss possible consequences and interpretations of these different representational profiles.This research was supported by grant RG016-P-10 from the Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange (http://www.cckf.org.tw/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Enzymatic hydrolysis of sorghum straw using native cellulase produced by T. reesei NCIM 992 under solid state fermentation using rice straw

Cellulose is a major constituent of renewable lignocellulosic waste available in large quantities and is considered the most important reservoir of carbon for the production of glucose, for alternative fuel and as a chemical feedstock. Over the past decade, the emphasis has been on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose and the efficiency of which depends on source of cellulosic substrate, its composition, structure, pretreatment process, and reactor design. In the present study, efforts were made to produce cellulase enzyme using rice straw. The produced enzyme was used for the hydrolysis of selected lignocellulosic substrate, i.e., sorghum straw. When rice straw was used as a substrate for cellulase production under solid state fermentation, the highest enzyme activity obtained was 30.7 FPU/gds, using T. reesei NCIM 992. 25 FPU/g of cellulase was added to differently treated (native, alkali treated, alkali treated followed by 3% acid treated and alkali treated followed by 3 and 5% acid treated) sorghum straw and hydrolysis was carried out at 50 °C for 60 h. 42.5% hydrolysis was obtained after 36 h of incubation. Optimization of enzyme loading, substrate concentration, temperature, time and buffer yielded a maximum of 546.00 ± 0.55 mg/g sugars (54.60 ± 0.44 g/l) with an improved hydrolysis efficiency of 70 ± 0.45%. The enzymatic hydrolyzate can be used for fermentation of ethanol by yeasts