The relation between anger coping strategies, anger mood and somatic complaints in children and adolescents

Attempts to explain the experience of somatic complaints among children and adolescents suggest that they may in part result from the influence of particular strategies for coping with anger on the longevity of negative emotions. To explore these relationships British (n = 393) and Dutch (n = 299) children completed a modified version of the Behavioral Anger Response Questionnaire (BARQ), and two additional questionnaires assessing anger mood and somatic complaints. A hierarchical regression analysis showed that for both the UK and Dutch samples two coping styles, Social support-seeking and Rumination, made a significant contribution to somatic complaints, over and above the variance explained by anger mood. A tendency to repeatedly think or talk about an angering event as a way of coping seems to underlie the observed negative health effects. In addition, tentative support is given for a broader range of strategies to cope with anger than just the traditionally studied anger-out and anger-in styles. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

Chapitre 14: Phytopathogènes et stratégies de contrôle en aquaponie

peer reviewedAmong the diversity of plant diseases occurring in aquaponics, soil-borne pathogens, such as Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp., are the most problematic due to their preference for humid/aquatic environment conditions. Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp. which belong to the Oomycetes pseudo-fungi require special attention because of their mobile form of dispersion, the so-called zoospores that can move freely and actively in liquid water. In coupled aquaponics, curative methods are still limited because of the possible toxicity of pesticides and chemical agents for fish and beneficial bacteria (e.g. nitrifying bacteria of the biofilter). Furthermore, the development of biocontrol agents for aquaponic use is still at its beginning. Consequently, ways to control the initial infection and the progression of a disease are mainly based on preventive actions and water physical treatments. However, suppressive action (suppression) could happen in aquaponic environment considering recent papers and the suppressive activity already highlighted in hydroponics. In addition, aquaponic water contains organic matter that could promote establishment and growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the system or even improve plant growth and viability directly. With regards to organic hydroponics (i.e. use of organic fertilisation and organic plant media), these bacteria could act as antagonist agents or as plant defence elicitors to protect plants from diseases. In the future, research on the disease suppressive ability of the aquaponic biotope must be increased, as well as isolation, characterisation and formulation of microbial plant pathogen antagonists. Finally, a good knowledge in the rapid identification of pathogens, combined with control methods and diseases monitoring, as recommended in integrated plant pest management, is the key to an efficient control of plant diseases in aquaponics.Cos

Glanders & Melioidosis: A Zoonosis and a Sapronosis—“Same Same, but Different”

Glanders, caused by infection with Burkholderia mallei, primarily causes infection in equines, but may be transmitted to humans, and thus qualifies as a true zoonosis. Melioidosis Melioidosis is caused by B. pseudomallei, genetically very similar to B. mallei, but which is an environmental saprophyte capable of infecting humans and a wide range of other animals. Good evidence of animal-to-human, or even human-to-human, transmission of melioidosis is lacking, and so it most appropriately referred to as a sapronosis, or at most a sapro-zoonosis. Although rare in Western countries, both micro-organisms have recently gained much interest because of their potential use as bioterrorism agents Bioterrorism. The increasing recognition of melioidosis in humans and recent outbreaks of glanders Glanders in animals have led to their description as emerging or re-emerging diseases. Laboratory-associated infections with both organisms have also occurred, resulting in their categorisation as Hazard Group 3 pathogens. In this chapter we review the epidemiology of animal and human cases of glanders and melioidosis, the evidence for different modes of transmission, pathogenesis and clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, as well as public health and disease control issues