Beam Energy Measurement by Resonant Depolarization Method at VEPP-4M

Experiments on high precision mass measurement of particles require precise beam energy calibration. The most accurate method of beam energy measurement is the resonant depolarization technique. This article describes the beam energy measurement at the VEPP-4M storage ring using this method together with a Touschek polarimeter. The accuracy achieved is about 10−6. More than thousand energy calibrations were used in the KEDR detector for the precise experiments on the measurement of J/ψ, ψ(2S), ψ(3770), D+, D0 meson and τ lepton masses

The Role of the Activator Additives Introduction Method in the Cold Sintering Process of ZnO Ceramics: CSP/SPS Approach

The great prospects for introducing the cold sintering process (CSP) into industry determine the importance of finding approaches to reduce the processing time and mechanical pressure required to obtain dense ceramics using CSP. The introducing zinc acetate into the initial ZnO powder of methods, such as impregnation, thermovapor autoclave treatment (TVT), and direct injection of an aqueous solution into a die followed by cold sintering process using a spark plasma sintering unit, was studied. The effect of the introduction methods on the density and grain size of sintered ceramics was analyzed using SEM, dynamic light scattering, IR spectroscopy, and XRD. The impregnation method provides sintered samples with high relative density (over 0.90) and significant grain growth when sintered at 250 °C with a high heating rate of 100 °C/min, under a uniaxial pressure of 80 MPa in a vacuum, and a short isothermic dwell time (5 min). The TVT and aqueous solution direct injection methods showed lower relative densities (0.87 and 0.76, respectively) of CSP ZnO samples. Finally, the development of ideas about the processes occurring in an aqueous medium with CSP and TVT, which are subject to mechanical pressure, is presented