Less Work, Less Respect: Authors' Perceived Importance of Research Contributions and Their Declared Contributions to Research Articles

BACKGROUND: Attitudes towards authorship are connected with authors' research experience and with knowledge of authorship criteria of International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). The objective of this study was to assess association between authors' perceived importance of contributions for authorship qualification and their participation in manuscripts submitted to a journal. METHODS: Authors (n = 1181) of 265 manuscripts submitted to the Croatian Medical Journal were asked to identify and rate their contribution in the preparation of the submitted manuscript (0-none to 4-full for 11 listed contributions) and the importance of these contributions as authorship qualifications (0-none to 4-full). They were randomly allocated into 3 groups: the first (n = 90 manuscripts, n = 404 authors) first received the contribution disclosure form and then contribution importance-rating questionnaire; the second (n = 88 manuscripts, n = 382 authors) first received the rating questionnaire and then the contribution disclosure form, and the third group (n = 87 manuscripts, n = 395 authors) received both questionnaires at the same time. We compared authors' perception of importance of contribution categories. RESULTS: 1014 (85.9%) authors of 235 manuscripts responded. Authors who declared contribution to a specific category rated it as more important for authorship than those authors who did not contribute to the same category (P>0.005 for all contribution categories, Mann-Withney test). Authors qualifying for ICMJE authorship rated all contribution categories higher than non-qualifying authors. For all contributions, associations between perceived importance of contribution and actual author's contribution were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Authorship seems to be not a normative issue subjective to categorization into criteria, but also a very personal view of the importance and value of one's contributions

ГЕМОРРАГИЧЕСКАЯ ЛИХОРАДКА С ПОЧЕЧНЫМ СИНДРОМОМ НА ЮГЕ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА РОССИИ: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ТЕРАПИИ

Contemporary problems of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), being one of hantaviral infection nozoforms and wide-spread on Euro Asiatic continent are considered. Annual increase morbidity with of natural foci expansion, often severe course and a high mortality rate determine the importance of HFRS for health of many countries and in particular the Russia. This article presents of long standing results obtained during the study of epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory diagnostic, immunopathogenesis, treatment trials in Primorsky region of Russian Federation, being the endemic area of co-circulation of several pathogenic hantaviruses.Рассмотрены современные проблемы одной их нозоформ хантавирусной инфекции – геморрагической лихорадки с почечным синдромом (ГЛПС), широко распространенной на Евразийском континенте. Ежегодный прирост заболеваемости с расширением природных очагов инфекции, нередко тяжелое течение и высокий уровень летальности определяют большое значение ГЛПС для здравоохранения многих стран, в том числе и России. Статья представляет результаты многолетнего изучения эпидемиологии, ранней клинической и лабораторной диагностики, иммунопатогенеза и терапии ГЛПС в Приморском крае – эндемичном регионе циркуляции нескольких патогенных хантавирусов

Múltipla autoria: crescimento ou bolha inflacionária?

OBJETIVO: Analisar o aumento do número de autores por artigo em revistas científicas brasileiras de saúde coletiva. MÉTODOS: Foram pesquisados na base de dados LILACS artigos publicados em seis revistas de saúde coletiva e uma revista médica (para comparação), da coleção SciELO, com classificação Qualis, da Capes, igual ou superior a B-1, entre 1999 e 2010. Foram avaliadas a evolução da mediana de números de autores/artigo e a proporção de artigos com mais de quatro autores. Estimou-se a associação entre o triênio de publicação e a presença de quatro ou mais autores por artigo por meio de odds ratio de Mantel-Haenzel, ajustadas para o tipo de revista. RESULTADOS: Houve crescimento da mediana do número de autores e da proporção de artigos com mais de quatro autores para todas as revistas, principalmente no último triênio. As odds ratio para publicação de artigos com quatro autores ou mais, ajustadas para os tipo de revista, foram: segundo triênio: 1,3 (IC95% 1,1;1,4); terceiro triênio: 1,5 (IC95% 1,3;1,8); quarto triênio: 2,39 (IC95% 2,1;2,8). CONCLUSÕES: Periódicos científicos de saúde coletiva têm apresentado aumento no número de autores por artigo ao longo dos anos, independentemente da orientação editorial

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ВЕТРЯНОЙ ОСПЫ У ВЗРОСЛЫХ В ПРИМОРСКОМ КРАЕ

Objective: to establish clinical and epidemiological patterns of chickenpox in adults in the Primorsky Territory to improve treatment and prevention work. Materials and methods: The study used statistics on the incidence of chicken pox in the Primorsky Territory from 2009 to 2017 and demographic data on the population for the specified period. A clinical characteristic of 102 cases of varicella in patients hospitalized in the infectious disease ward of Primorsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 (Vladivostok) in 2015-2017 is given. Results: From 2009 to 2017, the incidence of chickenpox in the Primorsky Territory was consistently high, with an average of 636.2 per 100,000 population. Analysis of the structure of patients showed that the maximum proportion of cases of chicken pox occur in organized children 3-6 years old (55.9%), schoolchildren (19.1%) and children 1–2 years old (11.6%). The proportion of 15–17 year olds was 3.0%. Adults, from 18 years old – 4.9%. The proportion of unorganized children 3–6 years old (2.9%) and children in the first year of life (2.6%) is not high. High risk of infection was detected in Vladivostok (57.8 per 100.000), Yakovlevsky (52.1% ooo), Olginsky (45.9% ooo), Lazovsky (42.8% ooo) and Shkotovsky (40, 2% ooo) areas. In the annual dynamics, a pronounced spring-summer seasonal rise was formed. The clinical course of varicella in the group of adults was characterized by an average duration of the initial period of the disease of 1.4 ± 0.7 days. For clinical diagnosis, an important time was the appearance of the rash, which varied within four days. The phenomenon of “spillage” was noted in 97% of patients. The rash was polymorphic, with the formation of crusts. The period of height was characterized by the presence of catarrhal manifestations. The granularity of the posterior pharyngeal wall was observed in all patients without exception. In 84.3% of patients there was a bright hyperemia of the pharynx. In 14.7% of cases, enantema was detected on the soft palate, palatine arches, and posterior pharyngeal wall. Dry cough was detected in 28 of 103 patients, which probably increased their epidemiological significance. Findings: The clinical picture of varicella was typical and was represented by a combination of intoxication, exanthema, and catarrhal syndrome. The epidemic process of varicella in adults in Primorsky Krai was characterized by relative autonomy of manifestations in adults, children up to one year old, and unorganized children. When implementing chickenpox epidemiological surveillance, priority should be given to interventions in epidemic foci.Цель: установление клинических и эпидемиологических закономерностей ветряной оспы у взрослых в Приморском крае для совершенствования лечебной и профилактической работы. Материалы и методы: в исследовании использованы статистические данные по заболеваемости ветряной оспой в Приморском крае с 2009 по 2017 г. и демографические данные по численности населения за указанный период. Дана клиническая характеристика 102 случаев ветряной оспы у пациентов, госпитализированных в инфекционное отделение Приморской краевой клинической больницы №2 (г. Владивосток) в 2015–2017 гг. Результаты: с 2009 по 2017 г. заболеваемость ветряной оспой в Приморском крае была стабильно высокой, со средним уровнем 636,2 на 100 000 населения. Анализ структуры больных показал, что максимальная доля случаев ветряной оспы приходится на организованных детей 3–6 лет (55,9%), школьников (19,1%) и детей 1–2 лет (11,6%). Доля лиц 15–17 лет составила 3,0%; взрослых (с 18 лет) – 4,9%. Невысока доля неорганизованных детей 3–6 лет (2,9%) и детей первого года жизни (2,6%). К территориям риска по заболеваемости ветряной оспой взрослых были отнесены Владивосток (57,8 на 100,000), Яковлевский (52,1%ooo), Ольгинский (45,9%ooo), Лазовский (42,8%ooo) и Шкотовский (40,2%ooo) районы. В годовой динамике формировался ярко выраженный весенне-летний сезонный подъем. Клиническое течение ветряной оспы в группе взрослых лиц характеризовалось средней продолжительностью начального периода болезни 1,4±0,7 дня. Для клинической диагностики важным являлось время появления сыпи, варьировавшее в пределах 4 суток. Феномен «подсыпания» был отмечен у 97% больных. Сыпь была полиморфной, с образованием корочек. Период разгара характеризовался наличием катаральных проявлений. Зернистость задней стенки глотки наблюдалась у всех без исключения пациентов. У 84,3% больных отмечалась яркая гиперемия зева. В 14,7% случаев выявлена энантема на мягком небе, небных дужках, задней стенке глотки. Сухой кашель выявлен у 28 из 102 больных, что, вероятно, увеличивало их эпидемиологическую значимость.Выводы: клиническая картина ветряной оспы была типичной и представлена сочетанием интоксикационного, экзантемного и катарального синдрома. Эпидемический процесс ветряной оспы у взрослых в Приморском крае характеризовался относительной автономностью проявлений у взрослых, детей до 1 года и неорганизованных детей. При осуществлении эпидемического надзора за ветряной оспой следует отдавать приоритет мероприятиям в эпидемических очагах

SIGNIFICANCE OF IMMUNE MECHANISMS IN PATHOGENESIS OF SOME ACUTE AND CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Abstract. In the last years immunological aspects are studying in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. The influence of immune response to the infectious processes of acute and chronic virus infectious (Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome and Chronic Viral Hepatitis C, as an example) has been revealed. Misbalance of system and local cytokine status characterizes the direct influence of immune system to all organs and systems of human organism. It determines the severity of the disease and its outcomes

Clinical and epidemiological patterns of chickenpox in adults in the Primorsky territory

Objective: to establish clinical and epidemiological patterns of chickenpox in adults in the Primorsky Territory to improve treatment and prevention work. Materials and methods: The study used statistics on the incidence of chicken pox in the Primorsky Territory from 2009 to 2017 and demographic data on the population for the specified period. A clinical characteristic of 102 cases of varicella in patients hospitalized in the infectious disease ward of Primorsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 (Vladivostok) in 2015-2017 is given. Results: From 2009 to 2017, the incidence of chickenpox in the Primorsky Territory was consistently high, with an average of 636.2 per 100,000 population. Analysis of the structure of patients showed that the maximum proportion of cases of chicken pox occur in organized children 3-6 years old (55.9%), schoolchildren (19.1%) and children 1–2 years old (11.6%). The proportion of 15–17 year olds was 3.0%. Adults, from 18 years old – 4.9%. The proportion of unorganized children 3–6 years old (2.9%) and children in the first year of life (2.6%) is not high. High risk of infection was detected in Vladivostok (57.8 per 100.000), Yakovlevsky (52.1% ooo), Olginsky (45.9% ooo), Lazovsky (42.8% ooo) and Shkotovsky (40, 2% ooo) areas. In the annual dynamics, a pronounced spring-summer seasonal rise was formed. The clinical course of varicella in the group of adults was characterized by an average duration of the initial period of the disease of 1.4 ± 0.7 days. For clinical diagnosis, an important time was the appearance of the rash, which varied within four days. The phenomenon of “spillage” was noted in 97% of patients. The rash was polymorphic, with the formation of crusts. The period of height was characterized by the presence of catarrhal manifestations. The granularity of the posterior pharyngeal wall was observed in all patients without exception. In 84.3% of patients there was a bright hyperemia of the pharynx. In 14.7% of cases, enantema was detected on the soft palate, palatine arches, and posterior pharyngeal wall. Dry cough was detected in 28 of 103 patients, which probably increased their epidemiological significance. Findings: The clinical picture of varicella was typical and was represented by a combination of intoxication, exanthema, and catarrhal syndrome. The epidemic process of varicella in adults in Primorsky Krai was characterized by relative autonomy of manifestations in adults, children up to one year old, and unorganized children. When implementing chickenpox epidemiological surveillance, priority should be given to interventions in epidemic foci

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome on south of far east russia: actual problems of diagnostic and treatment

Contemporary problems of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), being one of hantaviral infection nozoforms and wide-spread on Euro Asiatic continent are considered. Annual increase morbidity with of natural foci expansion, often severe course and a high mortality rate determine the importance of HFRS for health of many countries and in particular the Russia. This article presents of long standing results obtained during the study of epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory diagnostic, immunopathogenesis, treatment trials in Primorsky region of Russian Federation, being the endemic area of co-circulation of several pathogenic hantaviruses

Performance evaluation of faulty iterative decoders using absorbing Markov chains

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