Functional modeling of the process of bringing innovative products to the market in mechanical engineering

The research is aimed at building a functional model ofmarket launch process of innovative mechanical engineering products. The subject of the study was the innovative process of a machine-building enterprise. The research methodology includes a comparative analysis and analysis of dynamic series, the concept of DCOR modeling, and IDEF0 methodology. As a result of the study, the patterns of innovative development of machine-building industries in Russia have revealed. The decomposition of the DCOR model of market launch process of innovative products adapted to the machine-building industry has proposed. The levers of successful market launch of innovative products have offered. A functional model of market launch process of innovative mechanical engineering products has developed. The model has formalised in the IDEF0 notation, which in general can contribute to the opening and use of a “window of opportunity” for the implementation of breakthrough innovation. The formulated conclusions contribute to the development of the theory of innovation in the context of machine-building industry and can be applied in planning and forecasting the innovative development of industrial enterprises

Gaming simulation at seminars on history in medical high school

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the first experience of the application of gaming technologies at the junior years by humanitary discipline tutors of USMU. We have analysed achievements and problems of the implementation of learning and situational games, taking note of the heightened interest of first-year students undergoing this kind of tuition and revealing difficulties which pedagogues had to overcome.Статья посвящена анализу первого опыта применения игровых технологий на младших курсах преподавателями гуманитарных дисциплин УГМУ. Проанализированы достижения и проблемы внедрения обучающих, деловых и ситуационных игр, отмечен повышенный интерес первокурсников к таким занятиям, выявлены проблемы и трудности, которые пришлось преодолеть преподавателям при организации таких занятий

Ancient DNA reveals prehistoric gene-flow from Siberia in the complex human population history of north east Europe

North East Europe harbors a high diversity of cultures and languages, suggesting a complex genetic history. Archaeological, anthropological, and genetic research has revealed a series of influences from Western and Eastern Eurasia in the past. While genetic data from modern-day populations is commonly used to make inferences about their origins and past migrations, ancient DNA provides a powerful test of such hypotheses by giving a snapshot of the past genetic diversity. In order to better understand the dynamics that have shaped the gene pool of North East Europeans, we generated and analyzed 34 mitochondrial genotypes from the skeletal remains of three archaeological sites in northwest Russia. These sites were dated to the Mesolithic and the Early Metal Age (7,500 and 3,500 uncalibrated years Before Present). We applied a suite of population genetic analyses (principal component analysis, genetic distance mapping, haplotype sharing analyses) and compared past demographic models through coalescent simulations using Bayesian Serial SimCoal and Approximate Bayesian Computation. Comparisons of genetic data from ancient and modern-day populations revealed significant changes in the mitochondrial makeup of North East Europeans through time. Mesolithic foragers showed high frequencies and diversity of haplogroups U (U2e, U4, U5a), a pattern observed previously in European hunter-gatherers from Iberia to Scandinavia. In contrast, the presence of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups C, D, and Z in Early Metal Age individuals suggested discontinuity with Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and genetic influx from central/eastern Siberia. We identified remarkable genetic dissimilarities between prehistoric and modern-day North East Europeans/Saami, which suggests an important role of post-Mesolithic migrations from Western Europe and subsequent population replacement/extinctions. This work demonstrates how ancient DNA can improve our understanding of human population movements across Eurasia. It contributes to the description of the spatio-temporal distribution of mitochondrial diversity and will be of significance for future reconstructions of the history of Europeans.Clio Der Sarkissian, Oleg Balanovsky, Guido Brandt, Valery Khartanovich, Alexandra Buzhilova, Sergey Koshel, Valery Zaporozhchenko, Detlef Gronenborn, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Eugen Kolpakov, Vladimir Shumkin, Kurt W. Alt, Elena Balanovska, Alan Cooper, Wolfgang Haak, the Genographic Consortiu

MEXICOR EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH BRADYARRHYTHMIAS

The study aimed at mexicor effectiveness assessment in patients with bradyarrhythmias. Among 19 individuals with bradyarrhythmias, 9 patients (main group) received standard therapy plus intravenous mexicor (300 mg/d), and 10 participants were administered standard therapy only (control group). Mexicor effects on subjective clinical status and physical stress tolerance, sinus node automatism (transoesophageal electrophysiological examination, 24-hour ECG monitoring) and central hemodynamics (echocardiography) were assessed in comparison with respective parameters in the control group. The patients receiving mexicor demonstrated improved functional activity of sinus node, reduced number of supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles, and improved left ventricular pump function. Including mexicor in the complex therapy of bradyarrhythmia patients also improved their clinical status and physical stress tolerance: the number of subjective complaints decreased, and the distance in the 6-minute walk test increased. Mexicor as a part of complex bradyarrhythmia therapy improved the effectiveness of standard treatment, assessed by various parameters