Mapping Problems of Geophysical Fields in Ocean and Extremum Problems of Underwater Objects Navigation

The paper focuses on mathematical and technical problems of navigation and control of unmanned underwater vehicles (AUV). Such problems arise during geophysical fields mapping, development of map-aided navigation methods, and optimal routes finding. To address map creation problem, the results of measurements on trajectory were used; then the field map reconstruction in fixed frame of a reference followed. The paper discusses optimization of the survey routes and optimization of measurements of the parameters of local fields and their anomalies on trajectory of an AUV. The field map reconstruction methods based on measurement results on trajectory are considered. Some mathematical problems of navigation by geophysical field maps are discussed. More specifically, matching algorithms for fragment taken in motion with a reference map are studied, the problem of the best reference map approximation for data compression on the AUV board is considered, the field informativity criterion is offered, and the problem of optimal route construction on the basis of such criterion is solved. The estimates obtained in the paper are based on theoretical studies, the results of simulation experiments, and field experimental trials of the AUV systems. © 201

Preliminary study of video-based respiratory rate assessment

This paper presents the results of comparative study in physiological monitoring of human respiration rate between electrocardiography-based (ECG) method and video-based method of chest motion detection. The study involved 4 subjects aged from 30 to 70 years. During the study each subject lied on back. Total duration of the study conduct 1.5 hours. The results show that video-based and ECG-based respiration monitoring methods shows similar average respiration rate values. The outcome of the present work incites that video-based respiration assessment can be used as alternative or additional method of human respiration monitoring or diagnosingВ работе представлены результаты сравнительного анализа определения средней частоты дыхания человека полученной по данным сигнала электрокардиограммы (ЭКГ) и видеоизображений движений грудной клетки. В исследовании приняло участие 4 человека в возрасте от 30 до 70 лет. В ходе исследования испытуемые лежали на спине. Суммарная длительность исследований составила 1,5 часа. Показано, что оценки средней частоты дыхания по данным видеоизображений сопоставимы с оценками получаемыми по данным ЭКГ. Таким образом, метод определения дыхания по видеоизображениям может быть использован как альтернативный или дополнительный способ мониторинга или диагностики дыхания человека

ОЦЕНКА ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ РЫБОВОДНЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ НА ЭКОСИСТЕМУ ОЗЕРА И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ВЕДЕНИЯ РЫБОЛОВНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА

The cumulative effect of fish activities on the habitat and state of fish fauna of the lake B. Shvakshty is studied. Conducted is the analysis of the influence of the methods of culture-based fishery on the efficiency of fishery. The influence of stocking with herbivorous and carnivorous fishes and structural changes of the ecosystem at all productional levels are studied.Изучен суммарный эффект от рыбоводнях мероприятий на среду обитания и общее состояние ихтиофауны озера Б. Швакшты. Проведен анализ степени воздействия методов пастбищного рыбоводства на эффективность ведения рыболовного хозяйства. Изучены влияние зарыбления растительноядными и хищными видами рыб и структурная перестройка на всех продукционных уровнях экосистемы анализируемого водоема

Application of knowledge tools in training, based on problems’ solving: methodology and it support

The development of information accessibility in the 21st century necessitates the production of own knowledge in the learning process, and not justthe transfer of information. The computer should be used as a universal tool for working with knowledge, which is the study of the world, information obtaining, the organization and structuring of their own knowledge and presentation to other people. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for the use of tools for working with knowledge in problem-based learning, which will be used to form an appropriate information and educational environment. The relevance of the paper is due to the importance of problem-based learning, as well as the emergence of many tools and technologies for obtaining, structuring and transferring knowledge. Traditional education focuses on the transfer of knowledge mainly in the study area, but less attention is paid to the development of common metacognitive abilities, including problems’ solving. With problem-based learning, knowledge is acquired through interaction with the surrounding world and the development of one’s own judgments. This educational methodology has been known for a long time, but our goal is to support this process by using tools for working with knowledge at different stages of problems’ solving. The paper provides a theoretical overview of previous studies and the current state of the problem-based learning area and work with knowledge. We have studied knowledge management tools based on several classifications and selected the most suitable ones to support problem-based learning. The distribution of work tools with knowledge on the stages of the problemsolving process is proposed. We have considered the use of computer tools and options for creating an informational educational environment for implementing the proposed ideas of problem-based learning and working with knowledge. A more detailed consideration is given to the implementation of the information educational environment based on the open system of e-learning MOODLE and integration templates using public plug-ins as an example. The possibilities of using the proposed approach are demonstrated on real examples. Demonstration of the approach includes the introduction of proposals in the courses for pupils and students of the University. Approbation and preliminary results of implementation can be considered positive, but the justification of the effect from the proposed approach requires a more detailed assessment, which further studies are devoted to