Studies of proteinograms in dermatophytes by disc electrophoresis. 1. Protein bands in relation to growth phase

Homogenates were prepared from various growth phases of Microsporum gypseum grown on different amino acids as the nitrogen source. When analyzed on 7.5% polyacrylamide disc gels, the water-soluble proteins in these homogenates gave essentially identical banding patterns

Studies on proteinograms in dermatorphytes by disc electrophoresis. Part 2: Protein bands of keratinophilic fungi

Disc electrophoresis studies on keratinophili fungi demonstrated corresponding proteinograms in morphologically homogeneous strains of the same species, but different in different species of one and the same genus

Lifting QBF Resolution Calculi to DQBF

We examine the existing resolution systems for quantified Boolean formulas (QBF) and answer the question which of these calculi can be lifted to the more powerful Dependency QBFs (DQBF). An interesting picture emerges: While for QBF we have the strict chain of proof systems Q-Res < IR-calc < IRM-calc, the situation is quite different in DQBF. Q-Res and likewise universal resolution are too weak: they are not complete. IR-calc has the right strength: it is sound and complete. IRM-calc is too strong: it is not sound any more, and the same applies to long-distance resolution. Conceptually, we use the relation of DQBF to EPR and explain our new DQBF calculus based on IR-calc as a subsystem of first-order resolutio

Kornkammer Ukraine - Behauptung oder Tatsache: zur Getreidewirtschaft der Ukraine

The South of the old Russia, especially the Ukraine, has for generations been known as a granary. This statement is based on one hand on reports about the earth’s fertility, and on the other hand on formerly important exports of cereals; what is mostly neglected in corresponding discussions is the cereal economy’s dependence on the natural conditions and their changeability. Despite unfavourable economic circumstances as a whole, Russia still exported 10.6 million tons of cereals in 1904, for example. Since then, economic conditions have changed several times and there has been a clear increase in population. During the past decades, the cereal production of the Ukraine was sometimes nota in a position to meet the existing need. Owing to the natural geography of the Ukraine, the largest part of the agriculturally useful areas are situated within the natural vegetation zones of the forested steppe and of the prairie as well as in the region of continental and warmtemperate climate. This means that black earths and forest soils exist in large parts of the country, but at the same time, two thirds of the country surface receives too little precipitation and too much heat. Owing to the associated winter and summer conditions, several million hectares of winter wheat are year by year threatened both by freezing and by drought. Winter wheat has for a long time been the most cultivated crop plant. Its share is especially high in the Oblast Odessa district and in the north-south strip extending from Kharkov to the mouth of the Dnieper river and to the Azov Sea. In respect of area share, winter wheat is followed by spring barley, maïze, pulses and oats; their regional distribution is shown in table 2. The economic repurcussions following the seperation of the Ukraine from the Soviet Union in 1990/91 have remained moderate for cereal production. More important are the consequences resulting from inappropriate agricultural development over the preceding 20 years. Since in 1995, after half a century of directive agriculture in State farms and agricultural cooperatives, privatisation is still in the very first phases, new steps are only taken very hesitantly and the forces of the market economy are only slowly taking effect, directives on economic management are still necessary. But in addition to this, a new purchase price mechanism is being linked with the appeal to adapt the regional crop planning structures to the natural conditions and to the human need and the need of animals. A tax-in-kind was introduced by the State in order to ensure an approximately evenly distributed basic supply to the population. In order to avoid continuing large harvest losses, efforts are being taken to renew and to complete grain storage and milling capacities as well as to improve the trafic connections of the villages and public transport. Of continuing importance is foreplanning in arable farming since the previous predatory exploitation of the soil, i.e. discontinuance of crop rotation, incorrect cultivation, inappropriate irrigation, erosion-causing soil management weakened agriculture. Ukraine can again become a granary in the real sense of the word. To achieve this objective, agronomy and economy must once again be meaningfully linked and the farmer must once again play an active role

Dependency Schemes in QBF Calculi: Semantics and Soundness

We study the parametrisation of QBF resolution calculi by dependency schemes. One of the main problems in this area is to understand for which dependency schemes the resulting calculi are sound. Towards this end we propose a semantic framework for variable independence based on ‘exhibition’ by QBF models, and use it to express a property of dependency schemes called full exhibition that is known to be sufficient for soundness in Q-resolution. Introducing a generalised form of the long-distance resolution rule, we propose a complete parametrisation of classical long-distance Q-resolution, and show that full exhibition remains sufficient for soundness. We demonstrate that our approach applies to the current research frontiers by proving that the reflexive resolution path dependency scheme is fully exhibited

Gravity compensation in complex plasmas by application of a temperature gradient

Micron sized particles are suspended or even lifted up in a gas by thermophoresis. This allows the study of many processes occurring in strongly coupled complex plasmas at the kinetic level in a relatively stress-free environment. First results are presented. The technique is also of interest for technological applications.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, final version to be published in Phys. Rev. Let

Enhanced magneto-optic properties in sputtered Bi-containing ferrite garnet thin films fabricated using oxygen plasma treatment and metal oxide protective layers

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Magneto-optic (MO) imaging and sensing are at present the most developed practical applications of thin-film MO garnet materials. However, in order to improve sensitivity for a range of established and forward-looking applications, the technology and component-related advances are still necessary. These improvements are expected to originate from new material system development. We propose a set of technological modifications for the RF-magnetron sputtering deposition and crystallization annealing of magneto-optic bismuth-substituted iron-garnet films and investigate the improved material properties. Results show that standard crystallization annealing for the as-deposited ultrathin (sputtered 10 nm thick, amorphous phase) films resulted in more than a factor of two loss in the magneto-optical activity of the films in the visible spectral region, compared to the liquid-phase grown epitaxial films. Results also show that an additional 10 nm-thick metal-oxide (Bi2O3) protective layer above the amorphous film results in ~2.7 times increase in the magneto-optical quality of crystallized iron-garnet films. On the other hand, the effects of post-deposition oxygen (O2) plasma treatment on the magneto-optical (MO) properties of Bismuth substituted iron garnet thin film materials are investigated. Results show that in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum (at 532 nm), the O2 treated (up to 3 min) garnet films retain higher specific Faraday rotation and figures of merit compared to non-treated garnet films

Роль малого и среднего предпринимательства в обеспечении конкурентоспособности российской экономики

The article considers the current state and trends in development of small and medium businesses in Russia’s economy. The authors analyze key external and internal reasons causing the problems of Russian small and medium businesses.В статье рассматривается текущее состояние и тенденции развития малого и среднего предпринимательства в российской экономике. Проанализированы основные объективные и субъективные причины, вызывающие проблемы функционирования российского малого и среднего предпринимательства

Ultraviolet astronomy with small space telescopes

After describing the present situation with astronomy in the ultraviolet (UV), reviewing a few past and proposed future missions, we present options to develop space missions that have been realized for modest costs. In this context, we bring together a few aspects of different missions and projects that, when combined, might result in a low-cost mission for imaging or low resolution spectroscopy in the UV