The value of the indirect radiological inspection of the gastrocnemius muscle in the diagnosis of progressive muscular dystrophy

39 cases of progressive muscular dystrophy and 39 normal subjects of the same age group were studied to detect the pathologies of the muscle in progressive muscular dystrophy by injecting contrast opaque media into the gastrocnemius muscle. As a result of the evaluation of the radiological views of the opacified muscle at known intervals and processing these by measurement ratios, three radiopathologic groups were distinguished in this muscle lesion and each is thought to correspond to a different period of the disease. The statistical analysis of the measurement ratios show that the decreased muscle blood flow in P.M.D. is an objective radiographic finding

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with breast involvement: case report

This paper presents diffuse breast infiltration in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Such presentation is an extremely rare situation. Mammographically a diffuse lesion was evident in the right breast in continuity with enlarged ipsilateral axillary nodes. Local irradiation was effective in resolution of the lesions. © 1993 Springer-Verlag

Case report 717

PubMed ID: 1566112[No abstract available

Mammographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of breast after excisional biopsy

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of ultrasonography US)combined with mammography in the assessment of residual breast tumor following excisional biopsy. Thirty-six patients were examined with mammography and US following excisional biopsy for breast cancer, and before re-excision of tumor bed or partial mastectomy was performed. Histologically, 16 patients had residual carcinoma and in 20 the margins were free. In a total of 36 patients, mammography alone was useful in 18 (50%) cases, whereas, US established a correct diagnosis in 26 (72%). US demonstrated residual tumors larger than 1 cm and differentiated hematomas and collections from solid masses better than mammography. Mammography was superior in cases with residual tumor showing microcalcifications only. When the two modalities were combined, the diagnosis correlated well with the histopathological findings in 30 (83%) cases. It is concluded that US combined with mammography can contribute significantly to the management of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer

Mammographic findings in metastatic breast cancer to contralateral axilla: A retrospective study in mastectomized patients

The purpose of this study is to determine the mammographic findings of patients with contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. We analyzed the results of mammography in eight previously mastectomized patients. All women had contralateral axillary lymph node enlargement with no evidence of second primary lesion in the opposite breast on both physical examination and mammogram. All patients showed skin thickening in the opposite breast on mammography. Increased parenchymal edema appeared in three patients, while axillary lymph node enlargement was observed in two

Adhesive arachnoiditis causing cauda equina syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis: CT and MRI demonstration of dural calcification and a dorsal dural diverticulum

PubMed ID: 10450845We present the radiological features of a 42-year-old man with long-standing inactive ankylosing spondylitis (AS), demonstrating that arachnoiditis is a cause of a cauda equina syndrome (CES) in this disease. CT showed a dorsal arachnoid diverticulum causing scalloped erosion of the laminae, and punctate and curvilinear dural calcification. MRI revealed adhesion and convergence of the cauda equina dorsally into the arachnoid pouch, causing the dural sac to appear empty canal. To the best of our knowledge, dural calcification on CT is a new finding in AS, which may be related to the CES. Our findings support the hypothesis that chronic adhesive arachnoiditis with subsequent loss of meningeal elasticity may be the main cause of CES in AS

The prevalence of treated and untreated mental disorders in five countries

Item does not contain fulltextWe analyzed survey data from Canada, Chile, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States to study the prevalence and treatment of mental and substance abuse disorders. Total past-year prevalence estimates range between 17.0 percent (Chile) and 29.1 percent (U.S.). Many cases are mild. Although disorder severity is strongly related to treatment, one- to two-thirds of serious cases receive no treatment each year. Most treatment goes to minor and mild cases. Undertreatment of serious cases is most pronounced among young, poorly educated males. Outreach is needed to reduce barriers to care among serious cases and young people at risk of serious disorders