Student teachers' conceptions about global warming and changes in their conceptions during pre-service education: A cross sectional study

Global warming is one of the important environmental problems whose dangerous effects are increasing gradually. The study reported herein aimed to reveal student teachers' conceptions about global warming and the effect of biology teacher education program on their awareness of this environmental issue. An open-ended questionnaire was used to collect the study's data. Participants were 32 first and 37 fifth year biology student teachers. The results showed that both groups had some confusions and concerns about global warming. All of the student teachers were under the impression that ozone layer depletion was the main cause of global warming and they assumed that greenhouse effect was completely an anthropogenic phenomenon rather than a naturally occurring process. In addition, the pre-service education did not seem to have an important effect on student teachers' awareness of global warming. Discussion of the findings and suggestions for teacher education and future research are included at the end of the paper. © 2011 Academic Journals

Determination of anthropometric measurements in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in Turkish population

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the values of anthropometric measurements and rates used in the evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in our country. Materials and Methods: Twenty accredited sleep centers in thirteen provinces participated in this multicenter prospective study. OSAS symptoms and polysomnographic examination and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ? 5 cases OSAS study group; patients with AHI 5 and STOP-Bang 2 were included as control group. Demographic characteristics (age, sex, body mass index-BMI) and anthropometric measurements (neck, waist and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio) of the subjects were recorded. Results: The study included 2684 patients (81.3% OSAS) with a mean age of 50.50 ± 0.21 years from 20 centers. The cases were taken from six geographical regions of the country (Mediterranean, Eastern Anatolia, Aegean, Central Anatolia, Black Sea and Marmara Region). Demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements; age, neck, waist, hip circumference and waist/ hip ratios and BMI characteristics when compared with the control group; when compared according to regions, age, neck, waist, hip circumference and waist/hip ratios were found to be statistically different (p 0.001, p 0.001, p 0.05, respectively). When compared by sex, age, neck and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, height, weight and BMI characteristics were statistically different (p 0.001, respectively). Neck circumference and waist/hip ratio were respectively 42.58 ± 0.10 cm, 0.99 ± 0.002, 39.24 ± 0.16 cm, 0.93 ± 0.004 were found in women. Conclusion: The neck circumference was lower than the standard value in men, but higher in women. The waist/hip ratio was above the ideal measurements in both men and women. In this context, the determination of the country values will allow the identification of patients with the possibility of OSAS and referral to sleep centers for polysomnography. © Telif Hakkı 2019 Tüberküloz ve Toraks

Supplementary Material for: Comparison of BAP65, DECAF, PEARL and MEWS Scores in Predicting Respiratory Support Need in Hospitalized ECOPD Patients

OObjective: Prognostic models aid clinical practice with decision-making on treatment and hospitalization in exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease (ECOPD). Although there are many studies with prognostic models, diagnostic accuracy is variable within and between models. Subjects and Methods: We compared prognostic performance of the BAP65 score, DECAF score, PEARL score and modified early warning score (MEWS) in hospitalized patients with ECOPD, to estimate ventilatory support need. Results: This cross-sectional study consisted of 139 patients. Patients in need of non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation support are grouped as ventilatory support group (n = 54). Comparison between receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that the DECAF score is significantly superior to the PEARL score (p = 0.04) in discriminating patients in need of ventilatory support. DECAF score with a cut-off value of 1 presented the highest sensitivity and BAP65 score with a cut-of value of 2 presented the highest specificity in predicting ventilatory support need. Multivariable analysis revealed gender played a significant role in COPD exacerbation outcome and arterial pCO2 and RDW measurements were also predictors of ventilatory support need. Within severity indexes, only the DECAF score was independently associated with the outcome. One point increase in DECAF score created a 1.43 times higher risk of ventilatory support need. All severity indexes showed correlation with age, comorbidity index and dyspnea. BAP65 and DECAF scores also showed correlation with length of stay. Conclusion: Objective and practical classifications are needed by clinicians to assess prognosis and initiate treatment accordingly. DECAF score is a strong candidate among severity indexes

Determination of anthropometric measurements in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in Turkish population

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the values of anthropometric measurements and rates used in the evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in our country. Materials and Methods: Twenty accredited sleep centers in thirteen provinces participated in this multicenter prospective study. OSAS symptoms and polysomnographic examination and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >= 5 cases OSAS study group; patients with AHI <5 and STOP-Bang <2 were included as control group. Demographic characteristics (age, sex, body mass index-BMI) and anthropometric measurements (neck, waist and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio) of the subjects were recorded. Results: The study included 2684 patients (81.3% OSAS) with a mean age of 50.50 +/- 0.21 years from 20 centers. The cases were taken from six geographical regions of the country (Mediterranean, Eastern Anatolia, Aegean, Central Anatolia, Black Sea and Marmara Region). Demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements; age, neck, waist, hip circumference and waist/hip ratios and BMI characteristics when compared with the control group; when compared according to regions, age, neck, waist, hip circumference and waist/hip ratios were found to be statistically different (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively). When compared by sex, age, neck and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, height, weight and BMI characteristics were statistically different (p<0.001, respectively). Neck circumference and waist/hip ratio were respectively 42.58 +/- 0.10 cm, 0.99 +/- 0.002, 39.24 +/- 0.16 cm, 0.93 +/- 0.004 were found in women. Conclusion: The neck circumference was lower than the standard value in men, but higher in women. The waist/hip ratio was above the ideal measurements in both men and women. In this context, the determination of the country values will allow the identification of patients with the possibility of OSAS and referral to sleep centers for polysomnography