A framework for the design and analysis of incentive systems for food safety control in supply chains

Since 2005 the EU food industry has primary legal responsibility for food safety control. This requires new responsibilities and relationships between government and industry, and between companies. This research presents a framework for incentive systems for food safety control in supply chains. It emphasizes key elements of food safety control from multiple perspectives and provides insights for the design and analysis of incentive systems for food safety control. An incentive system combines inter-company incentive mechanisms with intra-company decision making processes to control a hazard within the legal environment. Incentive mechanisms, which consist of a performance measure and a performance reward, induce companies to use control measures. The framework can be used to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of alternative incentive systems in which companies have to cooperate with partners from other stages of the supply chain.Incentive mechanism, food safety, supply chain control., Agricultural and Food Policy,

Using serological monitoring, internet-based feedback and on-farm auditing to improve Toxoplasma gondii control at Dutch pig farms

Toxoplasma gondii is a relevant foodborne pathogen due to its human disease burden. In the Netherlands, pork is estimated to contribute to 11% of the meatborne T. gondii infections. The European Food Safety Authority advised to perform serological testing of pigs and on farm audits on risk factors for T. gondii infection

Failure to influence Salmonella enterica serovars, but impaired shedding of Enterobacteriaceae in fattening pigs by using fermented pig feed.

To reduce Salmonella prevalence in pork, measures should be taken throughout the pork production chain, including pigs on the farm. Epidemiological studies showed that the use of fermented feed can significantly reduce Salmonella prevalence in pigs compared to the use of normal feed. Experimental challenge experiments with Salmonella, however, have never been conducted to reveal the efficacy of fermented feed to reduce Salmonella shedding and/or reduce the number of Salmonella positive pigs. A study was conducted to measure the effect of fermented feed on Salmonella enterica serovars In this experiment seeder pigs were used as a mode for Salmonella transmission within a pig herd. The results showed that fermented feed does affect the gastrointestinal ecology (other poster/manuscript present at this symposium), but has no beneficial effect on Salmonella prevalence in pigs

Effect of fermented feed on Enterobacteriaceae and lactobacilli population of the gastrointestinal tract of pigs

Fermented feed contains high amounts of lactic acid and high numbers of lactobacilli. In a pig experiment the influence on the microbial population lactobacilli and Enterbacteriaceae in the gastrointestinal tract of the pig, by fermented feed was investigated. The numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed with fermented feed were significantly lower compared with the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum of pigs fed with dry feed. The numbers of total lactobacilli were significantly higher in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed and in the ileum contents of one pig group fed fermented feed compared with the contents of pigs fed with dry feed. However, the influence of lactobacilli on Enterobacteriaceae could not be demonstrated. It was concluded that feeding fermented feed influences the bacterial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract

Experimental and field investigations of exposure, replication and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in pigs in the Netherlands

In order to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, transmission and reservoir development in swine, we combined results of an experimental and two observational studies. First, intranasal and intratracheal challenge of eight pigs did not result in infection, based on clinical signs and PCR on swab and lung tissue samples. Two serum samples returned a low positive result in virus neutralization, in line with findings in other infection experiments in pigs. Next, a retrospective observational study was performed in the Netherlands in the spring of 2020. Serum samples (N =417) obtained at slaughter from 17 farms located in a region with a high human case incidence in the first wave of the pandemic. Samples were tested with protein micro array, plaque reduction neutralization test and receptor-binding-domain ELISA. None of the serum samples was positive in all three assays, although six samples from one farm returned a low positive result in PRNT (titers 40-80). Therefore we conclude that serological evidence for large scale transmission was not observed. Finally, an outbreak of respiratory disease in pigs on one farm, coinciding with recent exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infected animal caretakers, was investigated. Tonsil swabs and paired serum samples were tested. No evidence for infection with SARS-CoV-2 was found. In conclusion, Although in both the experimental and the observational study few samples returned low antibody titer results in PRNT infection with SARS-CoV-2 was not confirmed. It was concluded that sporadic infections in the field cannot be excluded, but large-scale SARS-CoV-2 transmission among pigs is unlikely.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Samenvatting ESBL-Attributieanalyse (ESBLAT) : Op zoek naar de bronnen van antibioticaresistentie bij de mens

Samenvatting over een project rondom ESBL's. Doelstellingen waren: vaststellen wat de bijdrage is van alle ESBL-reservoirs aan het dragerschap en infecties bij mensen en vaststellen wat de transmissieroutes zijn vanuit deze reservoirs naar de (geïnfecteerde) mens

A framework for the design and analysis of incentive systems for food safety control in supply chains

Since 2005 the EU food industry has primary legal responsibility for food safety control. This requires new responsibilities and relationships between government and industry, and between companies. This research presents a framework for incentive systems for food safety control in supply chains. It emphasizes key elements of food safety control from multiple perspectives and provides insights for the design and analysis of incentive systems for food safety control. An incentive system combines inter-company incentive mechanisms with intra-company decision making processes to control a hazard within the legal environment. Incentive mechanisms, which consist of a performance measure and a performance reward, induce companies to use control measures. The framework can be used to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of alternative incentive systems in which companies have to cooperate with partners from other stages of the supply chain

Failure to influence Salmonella enterica serovars, but impaired shedding of Enterobacteriaceae in fattening pigs by using fermented pig feed.

To reduce Salmonella prevalence in pork, measures should be taken throughout the pork production chain, including pigs on the farm. Epidemiological studies showed that the use of fermented feed can significantly reduce Salmonella prevalence in pigs compared to the use of normal feed. Experimental challenge experiments with Salmonella, however, have never been conducted to reveal the efficacy of fermented feed to reduce Salmonella shedding and/or reduce the number of Salmonella positive pigs. A study was conducted to measure the effect of fermented feed on Salmonella enterica serovars In this experiment seeder pigs were used as a mode for Salmonella transmission within a pig herd. The results showed that fermented feed does affect the gastrointestinal ecology (other poster/manuscript present at this symposium), but has no beneficial effect on Salmonella prevalence in pigs.</p