43 research outputs found
Experimental Analysis of Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Alloys AA6061 and Mg AZ31 Using Circular Butt Joint Geometry
AbstractThe Aluminium alloy 6061 and Magnesium alloy AZ31 plates of 6mm thickness are welded in circular butt joint geometry by friction stir welding (FSW) process, using CNC vertical milling machine. Process parameters such as welding speed and tool rotational speed play an important role to obtain a better weld joint for dissimilar metals/materials. The friction stir welding tool is one of the critical components to the success of this process. It consists of a cylindrical shoulder and a pin with different geometry. In the experimental work, the said tool has been designed with cylindrical pin having four different geometries for friction stir welding of the dissimilar circular metal plates. Friction stir welding has been carried out at welding speed varying from 10 to 40mm/min and tool rotational speed from 800 to 2000rpm. Effects of process parameters on butt welded circular joint were investigated for weld strength. In this research work, it is found that welded joint between dissimilar metals alloys Al 6061 and Mg AZ31 can be formed using friction stir welding by selecting proper tool pin profile and welding parameters. It is suggested that friction stir welding of Aluminium alloy and Magnesium alloy with circular butt joint geometry would be useful in the future for automobile applications by getting the benefits from each material in a functional way
Surface Wear Studies in Some Materials Using Ξ±-induced Reactions
The radio-activity produced during the irradiation of 63,65Cu, 59Co, 93Nb and 121,123Sb targets with Ξ±-particles have been measured using activation technique. he yields of radioactive isotopic products 66,67,68 Ga, 61 Cu, 96g,mTc and 123,124,126I have been determined in the energy range β 10-40 MeV using stacked foil Technique. Radioactive counting of samples was performed with a high-resolution gamma-spectrometer. As light ion beams produce an extremely narrow layer of activities in the surface of a material, these reactions may be useful for thin layer activation study
In search of a theory of supercooled liquids
Despite the absence of consensus on a theory of the transition from
supercooled liquids to glasses, the experimental observations suggest that a
detail-independent theory should exist.Comment: Commentary. 3 pages 2 figure
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous procedures like the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are reliable techniques for diagnosing various thoracic diseases. These modalities are used for diagnosis in suspicious lung, pleural, mediastinal and vertebral and pulmonary lesions.The aim. We conducted a study in a Pulmonary Medicine Department of tertiary care hospital to study the efficacy and safety of CT guided FNCA/FNAB in thoracic diseases.Methods. A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center with Information and Ethics committee permission within a total duration of two years. The study included patients presenting with following: 1) mediastinal mass lesions, 2) pulmonary solitary pulmonary nodules/masses, 3) pulmonary cavity, cyst and consolidation of undiagnosed etiology, 4) pleural mass, nodules, loculated collections, 5) extra-pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis suspects with pre/paravertebral abscess. Procedure details, radiological images and pathological and microbiological reports were retrieved from case record book of patients available in department.Results. Study population consisted of 108 patients. Neoplastic diseases were 85 (78.70%) and Non- neoplastic diseases 23 (21.29%). In neoplastic diseases 78.82% patients had lung Cancer of which 85.07% non small cell carcinoma and 14.92% small cell lung cancer. Out of non small cell lung cancer adenocarcinoma of lung was the commonest. The most common non neoplastic diseases was tuberculosis. CT guided biopsy procedure was performed without any complications in 61.11%. The most common complication was pneumothorax (27.77%). The yield of CT guided biopsy was 98.14%.Conclusion. Percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy is an effective, highly accurate, and safe method of obtaining tissue for the diagnosis of indeterminate pulmonary lesions especially in neoplastic diseases and tuberculosis.Π§ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠ’), ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ (fine needle aspiration cytology β FNAC) ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ (fine needle aspiration biopsy β FNAB), ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
.Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ FNCA / FNAB ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2 Π»Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ: 1) Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ; 2) Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ / Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ; 3) Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ; 4) Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ; 5) Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π· ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅-, ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 108 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ 85 (78,70 %), Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ β Ρ 23 (21,29 %) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π£ 78,82 % ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ 85,07 % ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
β Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, Ρ 14,92 % β ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π£ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·. ΠΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π· ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² 61,11 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π². ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (27,77 %) Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΡ. ΠΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π² 98,14 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π².ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π§ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ, Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π΅Π·Π΅
Experimental Investigations of Alpha Particle Irradiation of Natural Nickel
Attempts have been made to measure the activity in irradiated natural Ni material induced by Ξ±-particles in the energy range 10-40 MeV followed by stack foil activation technique. Activity induced has been determined through the cross-sections obtained from various reactions for 58Ni(Ξ±, p)61Cu, 58Ni(Ξ±,Β pn)60Cu, 60Ni(Ξ±, p2n)61Cu, 60Ni(Ξ±, n)63Zn, 60Ni(Ξ±, 2n)62Zn,61Ni(Ξ±, 3n)62Zn and 61Ni(Ξ±, 2n)63Zn in Ξ±+natNi interaction at different beam energies has been found to vary from 10-26 microns
Experimental Investigations of Alpha Particle Irradiation of Natural Nickel
386-390Attempts have been made to measure the activity in irradiated natural Ni material induced by Ξ±-particles in the energy range 10-40 MeV followed by stack foil activation technique. Activity induced has been determined through the cross-sections obtained from various reactions for 58Ni(Ξ±, p)61Cu, 58Ni(Ξ±,Β pn)60Cu, 60Ni(Ξ±, p2n)61Cu, 60Ni(Ξ±, n)63Zn, 60Ni(Ξ±, 2n)62Zn,61Ni (Ξ±, 3n)62Zn and 61Ni(Ξ±, 2n)63Zn in Ξ±+natNi interaction at different beam energies has been found to vary from 10-26 microns
A study of fungal corneal ulcer
Background: Fungal keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea caused by fungi. This infection is difficult to treat and it can lead to severe visual impairment or blindness. It is worldwide in distribution, but is more common in the tropics and subtropical regions. Corneal ulcers are the second most-common cause of preventable blindness after cataract in tropical developing countries.
Material & Methods: A retrospective study included 30 cases of fungal corneal ulcer was carried out on indoor and outdoor cases of fungal corneal ulcer, in Department of ophthalmology, in technical collaboration with department of microbiology in tertiary care teaching hospital. A presumptive diagnosis was based on clinical features and history, diagnosis was confirmed by KOH preparation and culture.
Results: The maximum incidence of ulcers was seen in age group of 41-60 years and majority of them were males. Most common predisposing factor was trauma. Most common clinical feature was slough followed by hypopyon, perforation, lowered intraocular tension, satellite lesions and vascularization respectively.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of fungal keratitis is usually difficult. The clinical suspicion by ophthalmologist is unequivocally, key element in making diagnosis of fungal infection of cornea. A wide range of conventional and molecular techniques are currently available for laboratory diagnosis of fungal keratitis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to avoid blindness
To evaluate the profile of patients with disc edema/ papilledema and their presenting pattern
Background: Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is a potentially life threatening condition, which can also lead to visual loss and blindness. One of the only objective signs accessible during physical examination to confirm a suspicion of raised ICP is papilledema, or swelling of the optic nerve head (ONH).
Material & Methods: The present study is a non randomized prospective case series being conducted in the 50 patients with disc edema/papilledema attending OPD and referred from other departments to DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from January 2013- December 2014. All patients underwent a complete medical evaluation including careful history taking, ophthalmic examination, complete blood count, blood sugar,urea,creatinine, serum lipid profile, thyroid, chest x-ray in specific cases. and CSF analysis (including opening pressure), follow up examination was compared with fundal photography.
Results: In our study out of 50 patients, Most commonly affected age group was between 21-30 years in which 32% cases were observed, 42% affected were males and 58% females. Papilledema in 30% patient were of local cause in which 22% cases were of optic neuropathy followed by 6% cases of AION in age group of 51-60 year followed by 2% cases of BRAO in age group of 41-40 years. Among systemic causes, 24% cases of ICSOL followed by 12% cases of meningitis, 10% cases of malignant hypertension, 8% cases of drug history, 6% cases of malaria and 2% case each of diabetes, pseudotumorcerebri, anaemia, encephalopathy and head injury.
Conclusion: ophthalmic evaluation and subjective grading of papilledema by FUNDAL examination has the potential of being a low cost objectively and quantitatively, and assess progression and efficacy of treatment directed toward lowering ICP and thus improve clinical decision-making regarding its diagnosis and treatment papilledema
Study of radiological findings in papilledema
Background: Early recognition of papilledema and elevated ICP is of paramount importance for ensuring restoration of vision. Papilledema, frequently occurs in the setting of increased ICP and in a variety of medical conditions, including pseudotumorcerebri, sinus thrombosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, frontal lobe neoplasms, and Chiari malformation.the primary role of imaging in the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has been to exclude other conditions that can cause increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and papilledema.
Material & Methods: The present study is a non randomized prospective case series being conducted in the 50 patients with disc edema/papilledema attending OPD and referred from other departments to DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from January 2013- December 2014, All patients underwent a complete medical evaluation including careful history taking, ophthalmic examination, Investigations includes MRI Scan was done in Radiology as well neurology reference was taken from Neurosurgery department, Hamidia Hospital, G.M.C. Bhopal.
Result: In radiological study ICSOL is observed in 70.58% cases followed by 11.76% cases of sinusitis followed by 5.88% case each venous thrombosis,demyelination and infarction.
Conclusion: Early recognition of papilledema and elevated ICP is of paramount importance for ensuring restoration of vision. Newer advanced MR imaging techniques such as fMRI and DTI may prove useful in the future to assess the potential effects of papilledema on retinal and visual pathway integrity
Neuroimaging in Cycloserine Induced Neurotoxicity: A Rare Case Report
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease. There is an
increasing burden of Drug Resistant TB (DR-TB)
which is not only difficult to treat and associated with
adverse events during its treatment. Cycloserine is a
broad spectrum antibiotic used as a second-line agent
for DR-TB therapy. Psychiatric adverse drug reactions
are well known. Neurotoxicity with the use of
supplemental pyridoxine is rarely reported. We report
a case of young boy who developed tilting of body to
one side during therapy for DR-TB which included
cycloserine. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of
the brain showed reversible bilateral symmetrical
(T2/FLAIR) hyperintensity in dentate nuclei. Clinical
and MRI findings were consistent with cycloserine
toxicity. Symptoms resolved on withdrawing the drug.
MRI findings showed marked reversibility