Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activities of the Leaves and Stem of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk (Water Spinach)

Leaves and stem extracts of Ipomoea aquatic Forsk were analysed for their antioxidant activities. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods were used to quantify total phenolic and flavonoid contents while 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay was used to examine the antioxidant activity of the extracts. The respective total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the stem (18.00 ±  1.20 and 20.00 ± 1.40 μg Catechin equivalent, CEQ g-1 DW) show no significant (p > 0.05) difference when compared to leaves (16.00 ± 1.10 and 30.00 ± 2.1 μg CEQ g-1 DW). In DPPH scavenging assay, the reference standard i.e. vitamin C (IC50 = 0.0660μg/ml) had significantly (p<0.05) higher scavenging activity than the stem (IC50 = 35.96μg/ml) which in turn is significantly higher (p<0.05) than the leaves (IC50 = 176.92μg/ml). From the results it can be concluded that stem and leaves of Ipomoea aquatica had similar antioxidants activity.Keywords: Ipomoea aquatica, antioxidant, DPPH Assay, Scavenging activity, phenolic, flavonoi

Kajian Produksi Nano Partikel Dari Arang Bambu Dengan Penumbuk Bola Baja Ukuran 3/16 Inchi

Nanoparticles are particles measuring between 1 to 1,000 nanometers (nm). Unit nm equals one billionth of a meter (0.000000001 m). This research uses bamboo charcoal as a material of making bamboo charcoal nanoparticles. Preparation of bamboo charcoal nanoparticle test materials using top-down method. This study aims to study the effect of the number of cycles from the mechanical collision method to the particle size and to obtain the visualization and composition of the particle elements produced. The study was carried out by the number of collisions of 2 million cycles with varying speeds of 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 Rpm. Furthermore, PSA testing was performed, the result of the PSA test showed the size of the bamboo charcoal particles in the variation of 800 RPS average size 462.3 nm, 900 Rpm average size 630.6 nm, 1000 Rpm average size 647,5 nm, and 1100 Rpm has an average size of 1354.5 nm. Furthermore, SEM testing to see the visualization of bamboo charcoal particles and the composition of bamboo charcoal particles. Based on the results of PSA and SEM testing the number of rpm increments in the shaker tool mils can not be the main benchmark to determine the size of the bamboo charcoal particles. And the contamination of other elements contained in the bamboo charcoal affects the size on the production process of bamboo charcoal nanoparticles

Rancang Bangun Kendali Gerbang Rumah Berbasis Short Message Service (SMS) Menggunakan Arduino

Technological advances in the field of electronics automation are growing rapidly and affecting human life. One example is the control of the gate of the house. Sometimes people forget to close the gates of the house in a hurry and when they realize that the gate is not closed, not a few people are lazy and reluctant to close it. Therefore, it takes an automatic home gate controller that can be controlled in a long distance. So far the development of home door handlers is usually controlled by remote control or, software that can only be reached with a certain distance. So it requires another control device that is not restricted by distance. One of them uses GSM module technology. The GSM module working system gives a message to the Arduino device to instruct Arduino to give motion to the motor that will open and close the gate. The motor used is a stepper motor. So that the gate can be opened and closed with a relatively far distance. This control circuit uses an average voltage of 5 V and a current below 1 A so that if using a 12 V adapter step down regulator required to reduce the voltage to 5V by turning the potensimeter knob. The results of this gate control tool can drive a motor with a fence load, which requires a voltage of 4.8 Volts, a maximum current of 0.2 A and a maximum power of 1 Watt. Keywords: control, automatic gate, Arduino, GSM Module, stepper moto

Penggunaan Panel Surya Sebagai Energi Alternatif Pedagang Kaki Lima (Solar Cell)

Peneltian ini bertujuan memberikan energi alternatif yang lebih efisien dan ramah lingkungan untuk pedagang kaki lima, yang sebelumnya menggunakan mesin genset sebagai sumber energi utama untuk kebutuhan listrik pedagang. Penelitian ini menggunakan panel surya dengan kapasitas 100Wp, energi panel surya tersebut disimpan dalam baterai (accu) dengan kapasitas 12 volt 70 Ah. Energi listrik tersebut akan digunakan sebagai sumber listrik pada mesin blender dan lampu DC. Untuk mesin blender menggunakan Inverter berkapasitas 2000 watt sebagai pengubah tegangan DC 12 volt ke AC 220 volt. Hasil pengujian panel surya yang dilakukan sekitar pukul 09.00 pagi dengan intensitas cahaya 20.200 lux tegangan yang dihasilkan panel surya 15 V dan arus 0,6 A. Pada pengujian kedua pada pukul 10.00 pagi dengan cuaca berawan memiliki intensitas cahaya 18.700 lux tegangan yang dihasilkan 14,5 V dan arus 0,6 A. Pada pengujian ketiga pada pukul 12.00 siang dengan cuaca cerah memiliki intensitas cahaya 85.000 lux tegangan yang dihasilkan 16,5 V dan arus 1,6 A. Pada pengujian ke-empat pada pukul 13.00 siang dengan cuaca cerah memiliki intensitas cahaya 50.000 lux tegangan yang dihasilkan 15 V dan arus 0,6 A. Berdasarkan pengujian pada mesin genset, pengujian menit pertama didapatkan tegangan 180 V-190 V dan I start 0,4 A, dan beban blender tidak dapat bekerja. Penelitian menit kedua didapatkan tegangan 195 V-200 V dan I start 0,4 A, dan beban blender Bekerja sebentar. Penelitian menit ketiga didapatkan tegangan 210 V-220 V dan I start 0,6 A dan I normal sebesar 0,58 A, dan beban blender dapat bekerja. Penelitian menit keempat didapatkan tegangan 215 V-220 V dan I start 0,7 A dan I normal sebesar 0,61 A, dan beban blender dapat bekerja. Pengujian menit kelima didapatkan tegangan 215 V-225 V dan I start 0,73 A dan Is normal sebesar 0,6 A, sehingga blender dapat bekerja normal. Pengujian menit kedua puluh didapatkan tegangan 215 V-220 V dan I start 0,71 A dan I normal sebesar 0,59 A, sehingga blender dapat bekerja normal. Berdasarkan rumus ketahanan baterai, baterai dengan kapasitas 12 V/ 70 Ah mampu bertahan 3,5 jam. Pada penelitian secara nyata hanya bertahan 2,8 jam, hal ini dikarenakan kinerja baterai tidak maksimal. Kata kunci :Sumber energi, Panel Surya, Solar Cell, Energi Alternatif, Pedagang kaki lim

Perancangan dan Pembuatan Sistem Informasi Pariwisata Kota Solo dan Sekitarnya Berbasis Web

Perancangan dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sistem informasi berbasis web yang dapat memudahkan pengguna dalam mengakses layanan informasi pariwisata kota Solo dan sekitarnya. Perancangan sistem informasi ini menggunakan hardware AMD dual core E450, Processor 1.65 GHz dan Memory RAM 2 GB . Alur penelitian dalam pembuatan sistem informasi pariwisata kota Solo dan sekitarnya berbasis web adalah mengumpulkan data, merancang program, membuat program dengan menggunakan software Adobe Dreamweaver CS5, dan pengujian, jika dalam pengujian program tidak berjalan baik maka dilakukan perbaikan, sehingga menghasilkan sistem informasi pariwisata kota Solo dan sekitarnya yang layak diakses secara online. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini didapat dari hasil wawancara langsung dengan pegawai Dinas Pariwisata Surakarta, dan internet. Pengujian dilakukan secara online atau terhubung dengan internet. Berdasarkan kuesioner yang diujikan kepada 15 responden, menunjukkan bahwa perancangan sistem informasi pariwisata kota Solo dan sekitarnya memudahkan pengguna dalam mengakses layanan informasi pariwisata kota Solo dan sekitarnya

Penataan Lingkungan Permukiman Berbasis Komunitas di Desa Jomblang Dan Tegalrejo, Dukuh, Sukoharjo dengan pendekatan Green Architecture

Environment Community-Based Settlement Arrangement (PLPBK) is an activity that gives an opportunity to the public to not only alleviate poverty in a more comprehensive and integrated approach, but also provide opportunities for people to reorganize their living environment and structuring back their social and economic order. Based Guidelines for Conduct issued by the Directorate General of Human Settlements Ministry of Public Works. Program PLPBK (Environmental Restructuring Community-Based Settlement) is a community activity to plan and build the order of life of citizens by visions of the future are built together, to realize the physical environment that is healthy, orderly, harmonious and sustainable, which is a form of advanced culture community (Community Based Neighborhood Development). Environmental Restructuring Program Community-Based Settlement (Neighborhood Development) is basically a form of stimulant for the success of the community in the village of Hamlet that has been able to build such public institutions; Community Self-Reliance Agency (BKM) in achieving qualification "Helpless BKM towards Self" or BKM Mandiri and has implemented a partnership with the local government or other parties dengaan (channeling). Environmental Restructuring activities Community-Based Settlement in substance is the 5 implementation of the concept of partnership and "channeling" program on a smaller scale, the scale of the Village. Hopefully, through this activity lasts learning process, structuring and institutionalizing the partnership synergy between the community, village governments and local care group. The process is more emphasis on self-reliance, self-reliance and hard work to mobilize all potential resources shared and access a variety of resources from other outside in an effort to develop neighborhoods healthy, orderly, aligned, berjatidiri and sustainably towards the ideals of a prosperous society. Keywords: Environmental Settlement; Jomblang village and Tegalrejo, Hamlet, Sukoharjo; Green Architecture

Analisa Tahanan Isolasi Pada Transformator Tenaga Di Gardu Induk Wonogiri

This research is in PT. PLN (Persero) Substation Wonogiri. The main apparatus itself has a power transformer as a voltage reducer used to distribute the voltage from a 150 kV voltage lowered to 20 kV to be distributed to the distribution or to the consumer. This time opportunity will discuss about the isolation resistance on the transformer. Insulation resistance is used to isolate the transformer so that the transformer does not occur heat that can damage the transformer itself. The method used to calculate the polarization index to determine whether the transformer is still good or ugly, if it is bad then there should be a handler can test the oil and tangent delta. calculates the delta destination tangent for measuring the capacitive leakage current in the transformer, and the last one is to test the oil done to find the oil still feasible to use. The calculation results of polarization index values obtained more than 1.1-1.25 good state, and if the value below 1.1-1.25 then the transformer needs a handler. The delta tangent calculation calculates tan delta to know if the delta tangent is still good, if the value of tan delta is above 0.5% then tan delta is ugly and needs to be checked, if the value is 0.5% down then tan delta is good. The last test of oil is only checked the state of oil at temperature of 30 ̊ C for transformer and temperature 38 ̊ C for OLTC

Studi Susut Energi pada Jaringan Tegangan Rendah Wilayah Banyuanyar dengan Objek Pelanggan Residensial

Electricity usage in Indonesia is really needed to put on concern by PT PLN. State Electricity Company (PLN) is a company which has authority in governing the electricity flow in Indonesia, but PLN has an obligation to provide electricity for all Indonesian. Method in this research by studying the literature, data retrieval, manage the data obtained, analyze data, and the latter is a research report. Residential customer is one of the biggest customers, therefore it needs to be reviewed the impact of the decrease by residential customer in low voltage network. The low voltage network in Banyuanyar has maximum transformator distribution capacity of 59 kVA and 100% load as much as 227,27 A and when the load is 80% is as much as 181,81 A, when the load is 60% is as much as 136,36 A. Residential customer RI (450-900 VA) as much as 85,42% and customer R1 (1300-2200 VA) as much as 14,08%, while for subcribers S1 as much as 0,50%. The decrease happens at low voltage network with 100% load is 6.922/98 watt and when the load is 80% is 4.432,03 watt and when the load is 60% is 2.505/28 watt. There is also nontechnical decrease is 3380 watt. Banyuanyar region suffered losses amounting to 4.983,855 kwh energy when the load is 100%, amounting to 3.191,061 kwh when the load is 80%, and amounted to 1.803,801 time load of 60%, while non-technical losses amounted to 1.216,8 kwh

Analisa Sistem Proteksi Rele Diferensial Pada Transformator Daya 60MVA Di Gardu Induk Wonogiri

Transformer power is a very important piece of equipment for the distribution of electrical power so that the need for protection to work remains a reliable. Protection system is a form of protection on electrical equipment to avoid damage to the equipment as well as maintaining the stability of the electric power distribution. Protection equipment used one that is relay differential. The function of the differential that is relay secure transformer short circuit of the disorder that occurs in the internal. Differential relay is a relay which is a work based on the difference of the current through the security area. The right setting of differential relay on very influential towards works of a good protection system. The methods used to determine the differential that is relay settings by getting secondary data by doing research on Substation Wonogiri and looking for a journal reference in accordance with the research conducted. Further processed data obtained by the calculation manually. Calculations performed in the form of currrent value ratio transformer (CT), the calculation of parameters in case of differential rele without interruption, followed by the calculation of the value of the parameter differential rele occur the presence of interference. The results of the CT ratio values obtained at the side of the 150kV namely 300:1 and on the side of 20kV namely 2000:1. Differential current acquired for 0, 16A obtained from the difference between the value of the secondary flow on the current transformer (CT) of 1, 33A on side 1, and 49A 150kV on the side of 20kV. The current setting values acquired for 0, 16A. Expected from such settings on the power transformer protection system capable of operating with a reliable

Analisa Pengaruh Perbedaan Ketebalan Plat Pada Pembuatan Panci Dari Aluminium Seri 1100 Dengan Putaran 900 Rpm Dengan Proses Metal Spinning

Metal forming is the process of forming metal. Many methods are used in metal forming, one of them is metal spinning. Metal spinning is a method of forming sheet metal using high spin. This method can be applied in making household furniture such as pans. Using this method can shorten the forming time compared to manually forming the pan. In this research, it discusses the effect of plate thickness on the process of making pans using the metal spinning method. Plate Thickness plate used is 1 mm, 1,2 mm, and 1,4 mm. The pot that has become a product is analyzed for changes in thickness and roughness .The results of this study indicate that the smallest thickness change occurs when using a plat that use 1,4mm. Based on the roughness test showed the smallest roughness value at the mandrel speed of 900 rpm with an average value of part I 0.873 µm, part II 0.971 µm, and part III 1,03 µm. Keywords: Metal spinning, pans, roughness test, changes in metal spinning thickness, mandrell rotational speed