Effect of different host plants on the development time and parasitization rate of Eretmocerus debachi Rose and Rosen (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) with Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) as insect host

WOS: 000088973900001The effect of six citrus and five non-citrus host plants on the developmental time of Eretmocerus debachi Rose and Rosen (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), the parasitoid of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), was studied under laboratory conditions. On citrus host plants, the mean developmental time from egg to adult was shortest on lemon with 14.6 days and longest on trifoliate orange with 26.3 days. On non-citrus host plants the developmental time ranged between 16.3 days on vine and 23.0 days on pomegranate. Among the various host plants tested, E. debachi preferred P. myricae on sweet orange. A high mortality of P. myricae due to host feeding and parasitization was observed on sweet orange and grapefruit among citrus host plants and on rose among non-citrus host plants

A survey of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Aphidiinae) in Diyarbakir, Turkey

WOS: 000186427200012Aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) are among the most important agricultural pests worldwide, causing damage directly by plant feeding and indirectly as vectors of plant viruses (4,5,15). Aphid parasitoids play a significant role in reducing aphid populations (9,24). Aphids are known to have many natural enemies from different taxa. Among these, aphidiids (Braconidae: Aphidiinae) are small wasps, with an adult size ranging from approximately one to several mm. They are strictly specific solitary endophagous parasitoids of aphids (14,18,22,24). Approximately 60 genera and subgenera and more than 400 species of Aphidiinae are known from all over the world. Host finding starts with the selection of a suitable habitat, with the food plants of the host aphids playing an important role, because the parasitoids are attracted to odors released from aphid-infested plants (6,20). A few investigations have been conducted on aphid parasitoids in Turkey. The aim of this study was to determine aphid parasitoids in Diyarbakir Province of Turkey

Effect of different temperatures on the biological parameters of Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Homoptera : Aphididae)

WOS: 000182734300011The development, Survivorship, and reproduction of rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (L.), were evaluated at four constant temperatures (17.5, 20, 22.5, and 25 degreesC). The developmental periods of immature stages ranged from 10.7 d at 17.5 degreesC to 7.95 d at 25 degreesC. The total percentages of survivorship of immature stages varied from 52.06 and 86% within the temperature range of 17.5-25 degreesC. However, the total percentages of survivorships were reduced to 52.06 and 54% at 17.5 and 25, respectively. The average longevity of adult females was 13.92, 10.74, 18.55, and 8.65 d at 17.5, 20, 22.5, and 25 degreesC) respectively. The average progeny per female was 19.75, 13.28, 34.92, and 7.23 at 17.5, 20, 22.5, and 25 degreesC, respectively. The largest r(m) (0.170865) occurred at 22.5 degreesC. The optimal temperature for M rosae population growth was 22.5 degreesC

Seasonal population trends of Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926) (Diptera : Agromyzidae) on cucumber (Cucumis sativius L.) in Western Turkey

WOS: 000222303600004Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is an important pest in cucumber greenhouses in Izmir, Western Turkey. This study was carried out during the spring and autumn seasons of 1999 and 2000 in two adjacent cucumber greenhouses, each 1.000 m(2) in size. Population densities of adult L. huidobrensis in insecticide-treated and non-treated greenhouses were compared by using yellow sticky traps. Ten traps were placed in the non-treated greenhouse and ten traps in the insecticide-treated greenhouse. Yellow sticky traps were changed weekly and the number of flies counted in order to compare the two greenhouses. In addition to monitoring the leaf miner population, in each greenhouse 100 plants were checked and the ratio of infested plants, the ratio of infested leaves per plant and the number of mines per leaf were recorded weekly. The population density of the leaf miner was almost the same in both insecticide-treated and non-treated greenhouses. Thus, it was concluded that using yellow sticky traps will be healthier and more cost effective than using pesticides. Furthermore using pesticides is risky for the environment and the use of yellow sticky traps can easily reduce the number of pesticide applications. If yellow sticky traps are used in the greenhouse in a completely isolated environment and the appropriate insecticide is used when it is necessary, this will provide successful and integrated management against L. huidobrensis

The influence of different host plants on the development of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae)

WOS: 000083905700011The effect of six citrus and five non-citrus host plants on the developmental period of immature stages of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) was studied in the laboratory. The developmental time on the citrus host plants from egg stage to adult was 16.1; 16.1; 19.2; 20.0; 24.4 and 29.3 days on lemon, mandarin, grapefruit, sweet-orange, sour-orange,and trifoliate, respectively. The developmental time on the non-citrus host plants was 15.7; 20.4; 20.8; 23.8 and 26.4 days on vine, peach, rose, mulberry, and pomegranate, respectively. The mortality rate during egg stage was lowest on lemon and rose and was highest on sweet-orange and peach. The total mortality rate of all immature stages was lowest on sour-orange and vine but highest on trifoliate and peach

LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON DEVELOPMENT AND FECUNDITY OF PARABEMISIA-MYRICAE (KUWANA) (HOMOPTERA, ALEYRODIDAE)

WOS: A1993LC76400003The effect of six temperatures and three relative humidities on the developmental period of immature and the fecundity of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) was studied, separately, in the laboratory. The developmental time from egg to adult stage was 79.7; 41.7; 24.4, and 22.0 days at 15, 20, 25, and 30-degrees-C temperatures, respectively. The developmental time at the fluctuating temperatures of 25/35-degrees-C (12/12 h) was 24.2 days. With increasing relative humidity at 25-degrees-C constant temperature, the total developmental time decreased significantly from 26.7 days at 40 % RH to 20.3 days at 90 % RH. The mortality rate was lowest at 25-degrees-C and was highest at 30-degrees-C and 25/35-degrees-C. It was also found that temperatures above 35-degrees-C were lethal, since all eggs were killed at 35-degrees-C. At the three relative humidities tested, the mortality rate of the egg stage was highest at 90 % RH (20 %) and about 44 % of the immature stages were killed at 40 % RH. The adult's (female) longevity and the reproduction changed with changes in temperature; oviposition rate increased by the increase in temperature up to 25-degrees-C then remained at the same level

Population dynamics of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) and its parasitoid Eretmocerus debachi Rose and Rosen (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) on non-citrus host plants

WOS: 000073620000006The host plant range of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) was surveyed in 14-day intervals in the citrus-growing area of the East Mediterranean region of Turkey from April 1991 to May 1994. Individuals on different host plants, parasitized by the specific parasitoid Eretmocerus debachi Rose and Rosen (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were also determined. In 1992 and 1993, the population dynamics of P. myricae and E. debachi on the most important non-citrus host plants were recorded in weekly intervals at Demirhisar in the province Icel. In total, 37 non-citrus host plants of P. myricae were determined of which five species were wintergreen, 27 were summer-green and another five were evergreen. The two most important noncitrus host plants were Vitis vinifera L. and Morus alba L. On these plants, high whitefly populations were frequently encountered, which were also heavily parasitized by E. debachi. The highest population density of the whitefly (averaging 36.3 stages/leaf) was observed on wild vine in mid-July 1992. In 1993, the density (1.9 stages/leaf) was very low at the same time. The parasitoid E. debachi occurred together with P. myricae and the course of its population dynamics was parallel to that of the: whitefly. On wild vine, up to 38.8 % of the P. myricae-nymphs were parasitized by E. debachi in 1992, in 1993, almost all nymphs were found parasitized. On white mulberry, the population density of P. myricae never exceeded 3.1 stages/leaf in 1992. Nevertheless, the whitefly population was heavily parasitized by E. debachi. The importance of non-citrus host plants for the biological control of P. myricae in the cirrus-growing area of the East Mediterranean region of Turkey is discussed