46 research outputs found
Human Immunology of Tuberculosis.
Immunology is a central theme when it comes to tuberculosis (TB). The outcome of human infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the ability of the immune response to clear or contain the infection. In cases where this fails, the bacterium replicates, disseminates within the host, and elicits a pathologic inflammatory response, and disease ensues. Clinical presentation of TB disease is remarkably heterogeneous, and the disease phenotype is largely dependent on host immune status. Onward transmission of M. tuberculosis to new susceptible hosts is thought to depend on an excessive inflammatory response causing a breakdown of the lung matrix and formation of lung cavities. But this varies in cases of underlying immunological dysfunction: for example, HIV-1 infection is associated with less cavitation, while diabetes mellitus comorbidity is associated with increased cavitation and risk of transmission. In compliance with the central theme of immunology in tuberculosis, we rely on detection of an adaptive immune response, in the form of interferon-gamma release assays or tuberculin skin tests, to diagnose infection with M. tuberculosis. Here we review the immunology of TB in the human host, focusing on cellular and humoral adaptive immunity as well as key features of innate immune responses and the underlying immunological dysfunction which associates with human TB risk factors. Our review is restricted to human immunology, and we highlight distinctions from the immunological dogma originating from animal models of TB, which pervade the field
Comparaison de la thĂ©rapie HABIT-ILE donnĂ©e avec ou sans utilisation dâune interface virtuelle interactive chez des enfants avec paralysie cĂ©rĂ©brale : une Ă©tude pilote randomisĂ©e contrĂŽlĂ©e
Les thĂ©rapies intensives chez les enfants avec paralysie cĂ©rĂ©brale (PC) ont montrĂ© des amĂ©liorations des fonctions motrices des membres supĂ©rieurs, infĂ©rieurs et des capacitĂ©s dans les activitĂ©s fonctionnelles. Elles sont malheureusement peu accessibles dans notre systĂšme de soins de santĂ©, tant pour les thĂ©rapeutes que pour les patients. Cette Ă©tude a pour but de comparer la thĂ©rapie HABIT-ILE (H-ILE) donnĂ©e avec ou sans lâutilisation dâune Interface Virtuelle Interactive (IVI) dĂ©veloppĂ©e pour en suivre les principes thĂ©rapeutiques. 8 enfants ont Ă©tĂ© randomisĂ©s en 2 groupes. Chaque groupe a reçu 10 heures dâintervention H-ILE rĂ©parties sur 5 jours ; lâun avec lâIVI, lâautre sans. Les mesures principales (ABILHAND-Kids ; GMFM-66) et secondaires ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă 3 temps : avant, aprĂšs et 3 mois plus tard. Les rĂ©sultats ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©s via des 2RMANOVA, le calcul dâEffect size et de la Minimal Clinical Important Difference. LâANOVA nâa pas montrĂ© dâinteraction groupe x temps significative. Globalement, les 2 groupes montrent des amĂ©liorations au niveau des membres supĂ©rieurs, infĂ©rieurs et des activitĂ©s fonctionnelles. Des analyses individuelles montrent une meilleure amĂ©lioration du groupe H-ILE pour les membres supĂ©rieurs, et du groupe IVI pour les infĂ©rieurs. Ainsi, la thĂ©rapie H-ILE avec IVI ne diffĂšre pas grandement de la classique. Avec quelques amĂ©liorations, elle peut ĂȘtre envisagĂ©e dans le traitement des enfants PC. Ceci faciliterait lâaccĂšs aux thĂ©rapies intensives.Master [60] en kinĂ©sithĂ©rapie et rĂ©adaptation, UniversitĂ© catholique de Louvain, 201
Spectral Studies of the Interaction of Bovine αâLactalbumin and EggâWhite Lysozyme with 2âpâToluidinylnaphthaleneâ6âsulfonate
The extrinsic fluorescence of a bound dye, 2âpâtoluidinylnaphthaleneâ6âsulfonate was used in order to study and to compare the hydrophobic sites on the surface of bovine αâlactalbumin and eggâwhite lysozyme. Both αâlactalbumin and lysozyme bind one mol toluidinylnaphthalenesulfonate per mol protein, as determined fluorimetrically. The dissociation constants of the protein · dye complex for the two proteins are similar (0.3 to 0.5 mM), indicating a moderate binding of the dye to lysozyme and αâlactalbumin. Considering the fluorescence of the protein · dye complex and the position of the maximum in the emission spectrum, it was found that the binding site on αâlactalbumin was more hydrophobic than lysozyme. Binding experiments of lysozyme with toluidinylnaphthalenesulfonate in the presence of a competitive inhibitor (Nâacetylâdâglucosamine) and measurements of bacteriolytic activity in the presence of this dye, suggest that the binding site on lysozyme did not significantly overlap with the area involved in the catalytic site. The intensity of fluorescence of the bound dye in αâlactalbumin is diminished to a small extent by the presence of various sugars (glucose, lactose and galactose). The dissociation constant of the αâlactalbumin · dye complex is identical in the presence or in the absence of these sugars. Copyright © 1972, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reservedSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Tetanus immunization among geriatric hospitalized patients.
Journal ArticleSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
The 32 kDa protein antigen of M. bovis B.C.G. and M. tuberculosis H37Rv.
Journal ArticleReviewinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe