Germination and growth of radish under influence of nipplewort aqueous extracts

The conducted experiment was aimed at determining the effect of aqueous extracts from dry roots and shoots of common weed nipplewort (Lapsana communis L. subsp. communis) on seeds germination and early growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.), cultivars ‘Rowa’, ‘Krakowianka’, ‘Półdługa’. The experiment was carried out in the form of Petri dishes tests with 3 different percentage concentrations of extracts (1%, 3% and 5%, respectively). The germination indexes used here revealed that the germination capacity of the radish seeds was significantly inhibited by extracts from the roots and shoots of L. communis subsp. communis. The elongation growth of radish roots and hypocotyls was stimulated to a higher percentage by extracts from nipplewort roots than by extracts from shoots. The fresh and dry mass of the radish seedlings depended on the type (roots/shoots) and concentration of the extract as well as the radish cultivar. The electrolyte leakage was the highest in seedlings watered with 5% extract of nipplewort shoots. The cultivar most sensitive to nipplewort extracts turned out to be ‘Półdługa’, and the least sensitive was ‘Rowa’. The response of radish seeds to nipplewort extracts is probably due to the presence of allelochemical compounds and their synergistic interaction

Comparison of heavy-metal bioaccumulation properties in Pinus sp and Quercus sp in selected European Cu deposits

Heavy-metal contamination of Pinus pinaster, P. sylvestris, Quercus robur, and Q. rotundifolium was studied in four abandoned historic Cu deposits from Italy (Libiola, Caporciano), Portugal (Sao Domingos), and Slovakia (L'ubietova). The highest Cu and Mn contents in anthropogenic soil were described in Libiola and Caporciano whereas the highest Pb, Zn, As, and Sb contents in Sao Domingos. The anthropogenic soil in L'ubietova shows the highest Co contents. The area of Sao Domingos is the most acidified. There are important differences between the bioaccumulation of plants from individual deposits. Bioavailability of the heavy metals is generally independent of the pH values. The high Ca and Mg contents in soil are able to block the transport of heavy metals to the plant tissues. The bioconcentration factor values of all plant taxa, in all deposits, indicate a predominant strategy of excluders. Only Ag shows excellent bioconcentration ability. In L'ubietova, Pinus sylvestris has a strategy as an accumulator of Pb (2.43) and Zn (2.49); Pinus pinaster of Mn (4.97), Cd (1.85), and Co (5.62) and Quercus rotundifolium of Mn (3.54) in Sao Domingos. The predominantly low translocation factor values indicate that in most cases the heavy metals are accumulated in roots; only in a few rare cases do they migrate to shoots (e.g. Zn in Pinus sp. from all localities, Co in P. pinaster in Sao Domingos).Web of Science16878

Hazards of Heavy Metal Contamination at L’ubietová Cu-Deposit (Slovakia)

AbstractThe dump-fields Podlipa and Reiner at L’ubietová abandoned Cu-(Ag) deposit is situated at the boundary of the village settlement. The heavy metal contamination of the technogenous sediments and soils at the investigated dump-field show irregular planar distribution. Also the heavy metal content in the surface water, drainage water and in the groundwater was studied both in the dry as well as during the rainy periods. The speciation of As and Sb showed that there are present both As3+, Sb3+ as well as the less toxic As5+ and Sb5+ species. In the sediments prevail As5+ and Sb5+ species while in the water is dominant the As3+ and Sb3+ form. The article also presents results of the plant tissue degradation study in heavy metal contaminated conditions and compares them with those from reference sites. The cementation process causes substitution of iron by copper. The technogenous sediments and the contaminated soil of the dump show only very limited acidification potential. The installation of the Fe0-barrier seems to an acceptable solution for cleaning of the underground water

Comparison of soil contamination at the selected European copper mines

ABSTRACT: This article reports the results of a study concerning contamination of the dump-fields by potentially toxic elements at five abandoned copper mines: Ľubietová, Špania Dolina (Slovakia), Libiola, Caporciano (Italy) and São Domingos (Portugal). This paper offers an updated description of soil contamination at the individual deposits and indicates a possible solution of the derived environmental problems. Contamination of technosoils by PTEs at the dump-fields shows an irregular spatial distribution of Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb and Pb. Contents of PTEs often exceed both national and EU law limits. Whereas at Ľubietová, Špania Dolina and Caporciano the environmental risk is limited, at Libiola and São Domingos it seems to be very heavy. The technosoil (slag) of the dump-fields is not well aerated and the soil colloids have (except for Špania Dolina) negative surface charge, so they are suitable for PTEs sorption. The main environmental risk in the mining area of Sao Domingos district is the long time formation of acid mine drainage water and the high Zn, As and Pb contents. The release of PTEs to the environmental components may be limited by phytostabilization and immobilization of metals, by suitable admixtures into the technosoil/slag. The environmental situation at Caporciano is not so compromised as at São Domingos mining area. Phytostabilization will be able to stop erosion, and installation of wetlands under the dump will stop the release of Cu to the environment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rastliny ako indikatory stavu životného prostredia v prírodných a kontaminovaných územiach

PrezenčníNeuvedenoNeuveden

Flora and vegetation of a copper mine heap in Richtárová (The Starohorské Vrchy Mts., Slovakia)

The paper presents the results of floristic and phytosociological research conducted during growing season 2011 on a copper mine heap Richtárová, near the village Staré Hory situated in buffer zone of the Low Tatras National Park. In total, we found 147 taxa of vascular plants. The dominant plant species of the mine heap is Agrostis capillaris, which sometimes forms relatively continuous cover, and other species growing in small islands of plants tolerant to specific environmental conditions, especially Silene dioica, Acetosella vulgaris, Arabidopsis arenosa. We sampled 8 phytosociological relevés. Localities of relevés were selected considering variability of plant communities on the all mine heap

Časová a priestorová variabilita nástupu začiatku kvitnutia konvalinky voňavej (Convallaria Majalis) na strednom Slovensku

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Bryophytes of Cu-mine heaps in the vicinity of Banská Bystrica (Central Slovakia)

The knowledge of bryophytes growing on metal-contaminated sites is still insufficient in Slovakia. This study deals with bryophyte flora of three mine heaps (Podlipa, Richtárová and Maximilián) with copper-rich substrate. A total of 54 relevés was made, in which a total of 45 bryophyte species (43 mosses and 2 liverworts) was recorded. Species-richest mine heap was Podlipa with 31 bryophyte species (29 mosses and 2 liverworts) and species-poorest was Maximilián with 20 species of mosses. 11 species were mutual for all three mine heaps, while 9 species where present only on Podlipa, 8 on Richtárová and 4 on Maximilián. The most representative bryophytes, in terms of their occurrence and cover, are Ceratodon purpureus, Pohlia cruda, Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme, Pleurozium schreberi, Brachythecium salebrosumand, Plagiomnium affine. Occurence of bryophytes on metal-contaminated sites was discussed